Literature review of elasmobranch bycatch and retention rate

To address growing concern over the effects of fisheries non-target catch on elasmobranchs worldwide, the accurate reporting of elasmobranch catch is essential. This requires data on a combination of measures, including reported landings, retained and discarded non-target catch, and post-discard survival. Identification of the factors influencing discard vs. retention is needed to improve catch estimates and to determine wasteful fishing practices. To do this we compared retention rates of elasmobranch non-target catch in a broad subset of fisheries throughout the world by taxon, fishing country, and gear. A regression tree and random forest analysis indicated that taxon was the most important determinant of retention in this dataset, but all three factors together explained 59% of the variance. Estimates of total elasmobranch removals were calculated by dividing the FAO global elasmobranch landings by average retention rates and suggest that total elasmobranch removals may exceed FAO reported landings by as much as 400%. This analysis is the first effort to directly characterize global drivers of discards for elasmobranch non-target catch. Our results highlight the importance of accurate quantification of retention and discard rates to improve assessments of the potential impacts of fisheries on these species.

The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama. Dale A. Russell.

v.3:no.7(1970)

A new species of Globidens from South Dakota, and a review of globidentine mosasaurs / Dale A. Russell --.

v.33:no.13(1975)

S. P. Russell's order for Sloop Cyrus Sails, 1798 March 26

Brief note from Samuel Russell to Treasurer Ebenezer Storer requesting delivery of the sloop's mainsail and jibb to the new owner.

Letter from Samuel P. Russell to Ebenezer Storer, 1798 March 7

Half-page letter from Samuel Russell to Treasurer Ebenezer Storer informing him that the sloop Cyrus has been sold and requesting a bill of sale.

Letter from John Russell to William Tudor,

One letter briefly describing Russell’s studies at the home of Rev. Dr. McClintock in Greenland, N.H., where he was staying during a nine-month suspension from Harvard for theft of college property. Tudor, who was also found to be involved, was suspended for six months. Russell also inquires about fellow classmates, some of whom participated in the theft.

Letters from Catherine Russell to William Tudor,

Four letters relaying information about Russell’s travels and social activities, including her observations on the manners of Southerners she had encountered.

Partisan Dealignment in Germany: A rejoinder to Russell Dalton

The work of Russell Dalton has undoubtedly played a seminal role in the study of the relation between political sophistication and partisan dealignment. We furthermore acknowledge the presence of a consensus on the occurrence of lower levels of partisanship in Germany. Using panel data as well as pooled cross-sectional observations, however, it is clear that generational replacement is not the sole driving force of partisan dealignment, but that period effects should also be taken into account. While on an aggregate level rising levels of political sophistication have occurred simultaneously with decreasing partisanship, individual level analysis suggests clearly that the least sophisticated are most likely to feel alienated from the party system. We close with some very specific suggestion on how to address the democratic consequences of declining levels of partisanship.

Russell Field runway improvements, Rome : environmental impact statement.

F only available in microfiche.