A construção histórica do termo caboclo: sobre estruturas e representações sociais no meio rural amazônico

O artigo apresenta uma análise dos usos da palavra caboclo, distinguindo entre a complexidade do uso popular e a objetividade postulada pelo uso acadêmico. A representação dessa categoria social, ao lado da história do termo, revelam um retrato da própria história da Amazônia, com sua estrutura de classes e a valoração social atribuída aos seus componentes. Sendo essencialmente um termo de identificação, e raramente uma identidade, o nome caboclo faz parte da construção das relações sociais, ao classificar pessoas e definir sua posição na hierarquia social. Com base nessa complexidade, o artigo faz uma crítica à objetividade reivindicada pelo uso acadêmico.

Estudo das representações do mundo do trabalho de alunos do meio rural através do uso de mídias virtuais

This paper aims to present the representations of the working world of high school students, the State School Prof. Dr. João Deoclécio da Silva Ramos, Distrito de Talhado, São José do Rio Preto (SP), through the use of virtual media, specifically the Blog de Aula – Mutirão de Sociologia (www.mutiraodesociologia.com.br). Understanding the representations of the world work enables students to think of a profession which identify themselves, and stimulate reflection as future professionals. The virtual media, especially blogs, allow students to express their ways of living and thinking the world of work. In the context of the city of Rio Preto, is especially relevant these representations of the world’s rural work, so this project is to collaborate in the development of research concerned with the description and understanding of processes that involve relationships between work, education and rural.

Great Expectations or Small Country Living? Enabling Small Rural Creative Businesses with ICT

Peer reviewed

Great Expectations or Small Country Living? Enabling Small Rural Creative Businesses with ICT

Peer reviewed

Tales from a small island: applying the ‘path-dependency’ thesis to explore migration to a remote rural community

Peer reviewed

Urban-rural connections and development perspectives in Portugal

Portugal is characterized by a significant asymmetry in the population distribution/density and economic activity as well as in social and cultural dynamics. This means very diverse landscapes, differences in regional development, sustainability and quality of life, mainly between urban and rural areas. A consequence coherent with the contemporary dynamics: urbanization of many rural areas that loose their productive-agricultural identity and, simultaneously, the reintegration in urban areas of spaces and activities with more rural characteristics. In this process of increasing complexity of organization of the landscape is essential to restore the continuum naturale (between urban and rural areas) allowing closer links to both ways of life. A strategy supported in the landscape, which plays important functions for public interest, in the cultural, social, ecological and environmental fields. At the same time, constitutes an important resource for economic activity, as underlined in the European Landscape Convention. Based on this assumption, and using a multi-method approach, the study aims to analyse a) the links between urban and rural areas in Portugal and b) the reasons why these territories are chosen by individuals as places of work and mobility, residence or evasion, culture and leisure, tranquillity or excitement – meaning overall well-being. Primary information was obtained by a questionnaire survey applied to a convenience sample of the Portuguese population. Secondary data and information will be collected on the official Portuguese Statistics (INE and PORDATA). Understanding the urban-rural links is essential to support policy measures, take advantage from the global changes and challenge many of the existing myths.

Ligações e Percepções de Desenvolvimento Urbano-Rural em Portugal

Tradicionalmente considerado um país rural, Portugal caracteriza-se por assimetrias significativas ao nível da distribuição da população e da paisagem, da atividade económica e das dinâmicas sociais e culturais, que se traduzem em diferenças de desenvolvimento territorial, sustentabilidade e qualidade de vida entre as áreas urbanas e rurais. Porque muitas áreas rurais se têm urbanizado e perdido a sua identidade produtivo-agrícola e, também, porque algumas áreas urbanas têm incorporado conceitos e paisagens rurais, importa conhecer as perceções sobre o nível de bem-estar que os indivíduos registam no local onde residem e os factores de ligação entre o rural e urbano que fazem, nomeadamente, com que ambos sejam territórios de trabalho e mobilidade, residência ou evasão, cultura e lazer, tranquilidade ou agitação, ou seja, de bem-estar global. A sociedade atual continua a adotar padrões de comportamento baseados numa lógica que impera desde há dezenas de anos ainda que a posição das várias atividades desenvolvidas no território, apoiada por novas acessibilidades e conectividades (físicas e eletrónicas), propicie o surgimento de vários usos do território, por vezes conflituantes. Esta nova realidade física distante do padrão vigente num passado recente, pressupõe significativas alterações de natureza muito diversas. Partindo deste pressuposto e de uma abordagem multi-método, o objetivo é analisar as ligações entre as regiões urbanas e rurais, em Portugal, e a perceção de qualidade de vida que lhes é associada, a partir de informação secundária obtida do INE, PORDATA e de um estudo de caracterização da paisagem de Portugal continental e informação primária recolhida por sondagem a uma amostra da população portuguesa.

“A long-term mortality analysis of subsidized firms in rural areas: an empirical study in the Portuguese Alentejo region”

Studies have demonstrated that public policies to support private firms’ investment have the ability to promote entrepreneurship, but the sustainability of subsidized firms has not often been analysed. This paper aims to examine this dimension specifically through evaluating the mortality of subsidized firms in the long-term. The analysis focuses on a case study of the LEADER+ Programme in the Alentejo region of Portugal. With this purpose, the paper examines the activity status (active or not active) of 154 private, rural, for-profit firms in Alentejo that had received a subsidy to support investment between 2002 and 2008 under the LEADER+ Programme. The methodology is based on binary choice models in order to study the probability of these firms still being active. The explanatory variables used are the following: (1) the characteristics of entrepreneurs and managers’ strategic decisions, (2) firm profile and characteristics, (3) regional economic environment. Data assessment showed that the cumulative mortality rate of firms on 31st December 2013 is over 20 %. Interpretation of the regression model revealed that he probability of firms’ survival increases with higher investment, firm age and regional business concentration, whereas the number of applications made by firms has a negative impact on their survival. So it seems that for subsidized firms the amount of investment is as important as its frequency.