994 resultados para Raios catodicos
Resumo:
O diagnóstico precoce de focos de infecção dentários é de fundamental importância para prevenir a ocorrência de maiores injúrias locais ou sistêmicas. Dentre os diversos métodos utilizados para complementar os achados radiológicos das alterações dentoalveolares surge uma alternativa: a cintilografia tomográfica (SPECT/CT), que permite a fusão de achados morfológicos com alterações metabólicas. Com o objetivo de estabelecer o diagnóstico precoce e acurado de processos infecciosos dentários, foram estudadas 320 áreas dentárias em mandíbula e maxila em (10 pacientes de ambos os sexos selecionados por meio de exames clínicos e radiológicos convencionais, seguidos de cintilografia tomográfica com e sem aparato blindador de raios gama. Os exames cintilográficos foram realizados no Serviço de Medicina Nuclear do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE). Para isso, foi administrado para cada paciente o radiofármaco tecnécio 99- metilenodifosfonato (99mTc-MDP) via endovenosa com a dose de 37mBq/3Kg de peso corporal do paciente. Após o período de acúmulo de três horas, foi realizado o protocolo de aquisição de imagens. Todas as imagens foram analisadas por um médico nuclear e um endodontista, com experiência em cintilografia tomográfica. O resultado obtido por meio do exame radiográfico intrabucal pela técnica periapical digital mostraram 6 imagens positivas, em um total de 1,87% da amostra; exame do mapeamento cintilográfico dos ossos da face com a utilização do blindador de raios gâma revelou 9 imagens positivas, correspondendo a 2,81% do total de áreas estudadas, havendo diferença estatisticamente significante ao nível de 95% pelo teste qui-quadrado. Pode-se concluir que o SPECT/CT permitiu identificar as alterações periapicais em maior número quando comparadas ao exame radiográfico periapical e ao mapeamento cintilográfico dos ossos da face com a utilização do blindador de raios gama; o exame de SPCET/CT além de mostrar imagens mais detalhadas, permitiu também localizar com exatidão as áreas alteradas.
Resumo:
The micro-deformations caused by cyclic loading origins the variation of the distances between atoms of the crystal lattice producing the irreversible component. In order to study and understand the microstructural behavior of the material this paper investigated the influence suffered by residual stresses in thrust rolling bearing races fabricated in AISI 52100 steel, after tests by cyclic rolling contact in a tribometer at 1m/s under two contact pressures (500 MPa and 1400 MPa) in dry and boundary lubrication conditions. Procedures of tests thermo-acustically isolated were developed for monitoring the contact temperature and sound pressure level signals to establish a comparison between the residual stress measurements, micro-hardness Vickers and micrographic registers searching an indication of wear evolution. The sin²ψ method by X-ray diffraction technique was used to quantify the residual stresses. Three raceway zones were selected for the evaluation of wear and surface morphology after predetermined cycling, comparing with their new condition ("as received"). Micro-hardness and residual stress measurements showed significant changes after the tests and it was possible to observe the relationship between the increase of sound pressure level and the residual stress for dry and lubricated conditions.
Resumo:
The micro-deformations caused by cyclic loading origins the variation of the distances between atoms of the crystal lattice producing the irreversible component. In order to study and understand the microstructural behavior of the material this paper investigated the influence suffered by residual stresses in thrust rolling bearing races fabricated in AISI 52100 steel, after tests by cyclic rolling contact in a tribometer at 1m/s under two contact pressures (500 MPa and 1400 MPa) in dry and boundary lubrication conditions. Procedures of tests thermo-acustically isolated were developed for monitoring the contact temperature and sound pressure level signals to establish a comparison between the residual stress measurements, micro-hardness Vickers and micrographic registers searching an indication of wear evolution. The sin²ψ method by X-ray diffraction technique was used to quantify the residual stresses. Three raceway zones were selected for the evaluation of wear and surface morphology after predetermined cycling, comparing with their new condition ("as received"). Micro-hardness and residual stress measurements showed significant changes after the tests and it was possible to observe the relationship between the increase of sound pressure level and the residual stress for dry and lubricated conditions.
Resumo:
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
Efeito de radiosensibilizadores na vulcanizacao do latex de borracha natural induzida por raios gama