Composi����o e diversidade dos camar��es marinhos (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeoidea) e din��mica populacional de Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) no litoral do Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Etnobot��nica de plantas antimal��ricas em comunidades ind��genas da regi��o do Alto Rio Negro ��� Amazonas ��� Brasil

P��s-gradua����o em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Geoprocessamento na an��lise da vulnerabilidade ambiental desencadeada pela monocultura de cana-de-a����car na bacia do distrito Santa Ol��mpia (Piracicaba/SP)

Sugar cane production is of the utmost importance to the economy of the entire Brazil, due to its multiple utility, being used as the raw material for the manufacture of various items, particularly, sugar and alcohol. In areas of sugarcane monoculture, the appropriate management of soils and water is essential, not only for the maintenance of the quality of the environment, but also for the quality of life of the population. Among the main impacts generated by the cultivation of sugar cane, stands out the withdrawal of the riparian forest, which is essential to the balance and maintenance of the ecosystem. Before that, the present work aimed at mapping the environmentally vulnerable areas in the basin of a tributary of the Corumbata�� river, located in the district Santa Ol��mpia, in the city of Piracicaba-SP. For the purpose, techniques were used in Geoprocessing, aiming to produce thematic maps of Slope, for the Use and Occupation of Land, of Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), Soil and Geological of the basin of interest. From these mappings, the analysis was performed multi-criteria, which resulted in the Map of Environmental Vulnerability. This mapping environmental assessment of the study area, indicating proposals of practices for the management and conservation of soil and water resources, for the purpose of improving the environmental quality of the analyzed area. In this way, the research of this nature, may help in the decision-making on the part of the governmental bodies as well as civil society

A educa����o ambiental na preserva����o de serpentes

A principal fun����o do trabalho com o tema Meio Ambiente �� contribuir para a forma����o de cidad��os conscientes, aptos para decidirem e atuarem na defesa de nossa biodiversidade. Observa-se em diversas regi��es do Brasil a aceita����o de um estere��tipo negativo para todas as serpentes, que s��o geralmente consideradas como ���animais perigosos���. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar aspectos do conhecimento sobre serpentes de adolescentes de uma escola municipal de Botucatu/SP, como tamb��m tentar mudar a imagem negativa que estes r��pteis carregam. O estudo foi realizado com alunos com idade entre 11-17 anos. O m��todo de coleta de dados foi um question��rio aplicado antes e ap��s a visita ao CEVAP. Os resultados encontrados foram positivos, visto que ap��s a visita houve um aumento de 14% entre os alunos que citaram as serpentes como seu animal favorito. Tamb��m foi observada uma diminui����o tanto no n��mero de alunos que temiam estes animais, como tamb��m entre os alunos que afirmaram anteriormente que os matariam. Apesar dos resultados positivos, ainda h�� muito a ser feito. A educa����o ambiental deve ser trabalhada diariamente em todos os n��veis escolares, pois somente por meio dela conseguiremos salvar esp��cies da extin����o

Com��rcio e meio ambiente: uma resenha de estudos emp��ricos aplicados ao Brasil

A OMC (Organiza����o Mundial do Com��rcio) �� um marco na hist��ria das rela����es comerciais de todos os pa��ses que dela fazem parte. �� a institui����o encarregada de supervisionar o com��rcio internacional e implementar os acordos negociados nas rodadas multilaterais, al��m de coordenar a negocia����o de novas regras. Serve tamb��m como tribunal para os conflitos do com��rcio internacional. O debate existente entre com��rcio e meio ambiente envolve proteção ambiental e a concretiza����o do ideal de desenvolvimento sustent��vel. A primeira parte do trabalho faz um levantamento detalhado de todo o hist��rico de Confer��ncias existentes. A segunda se refere �� discuss��o geral baseada no com��rcio e meio-ambiente, detalha as principais negocia����es resultantes dos acordos entre os pa��ses. Por fim, a terceira parte do trabalho se baseia em estudos de caso relacionados com a Am��rica Latina e Caribe com enfoque no Brasil

Diversidade das assembl��ias de Clad��ceros (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) de ��reas adjacentes a trechos l��ticos e reservat��rios da Bacia do Rio Prata (Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Identifica����o de Plasmodium spp. em primatas neotropicais e em anofelinos em munic��pios da regi��o de S��o Lu��s, estado do Maranh��o, Brasil

P��s-gradua����o em Medicina Veterin��ria - FCAV

Pesca artesanal entre mudan��as socioambientais: estudo de caso na APA Bonfim-Guara��ra/RN-Brasil

Artisanal fishing is one of the important economic activities of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), becoming the main form of survival and income for many families. The southern coast of RN has strong fishing tradition, both in exploitation of fish as in the collection of mollusks on the banks of Guara��ra Lagoon (APA Bonfim-Guara��ra). In recent years, fishing communities have become more vulnerable to outside influences, since the socio-economic and environmental changes are exposed. These changes require adjustments to the fishermen to different environmental conditions, as the social and natural systems are driven by reorganization and upgrading processes. The living conditions in fishing communities are objective and necessary in different ways, according to a selection that is cultural, so adaptable. This study has the general objective to analyze the main environmental changes in fishing communities, based on the understanding of fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen about this problem. The specific objectives searched to: describe the socioeconomic profile, prospects and difficulties of fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen; investigate the major social and environmental changes in the fishing communities of Patan�� and Camocim (Arez/RN). The methodology was qualitative-quantitative with the techniques of observation in the field and open and semistructured interviews applied to representatives of Cologne fishing, fishermen and mollusk fisherwomen. Between the months of January to July 2014 were applied semistructured interviews with 41 interlocutors in Patan�� and 23 of Camocim; totaling 64 people. The results indicated that the interlocutors are aged 40 to 60 years; have only completed elementary school level; are married and have children; survive on less than a minimum wage income and they are not receiving employment insurance. The case study also revealed that the socioeconomic and environmental problems reflected in changes in reproduction, organization and social division of labor, which generates adaptive changes of families to external influences, resulting directly from other economic activities and market pressure and indirectly from tourism. Therefore, adaptations to changes scenario presented as favorable to economic aspects and unfavorable to the social and environmental aspects. In short, the fishery develops on technical, bureaucratic and financial obstacles, in the everyday needs of men and women is the determining factor in willingness to continue exercising fishing and shell fishing on Guara��ra Lagoon, space representing relations social, practices and customs transmitted in the course of local history through social memory of the oldest to the youngest.

Diagn��stico ambiental da ��rea de influ��ncia do complexo sucroalcooleiro Usina Vale do S��o Sim��o Ltda

One of the most widespread renewable energy sources in Brazil is ethanol, from sugarcane, therefore, the sugar and alcohol sector is expanding, with positive impacts for the economy of the country. Sugar cane was introduced in Brazil as a crop during its colonization, for the production of sugar, and put the country in the global scenario. The expansion of this crop occurred in the seventies, to reduce the reliance in fossil energy sources and to stimulate the development of the agricultural activity. Thus, the federal government has promoted the sugar cane crop and the production of ethanol as a fuel. However, it is important to minimize possible impacts that the crop may cause to the environment. Sugar cane has expanded in the frontiers of the mesoregion of Tri��ngulo Mineiro and Alto Parana��ba-MG, and, in this perspective, the agroindustrial complex known as Companhia Energ��tica Vale do S��o Sim��o Ltda., with the Mill located in the county of Santa Vit��ria, Minas Gerais, was adopted to evaluate the environmental impacts caused by the sugarcane in the area of influence of the mill. The mill has a polygonal area corresponding to 53,525.20 hectares, and for its establishment a Study and Report of Environmental Impacts (EIA/RIMA) was presented, as required as an environment protection instrument by the Environment National Policy (Law n�� 6.938/81), and detailed by the Resolution CONAMA n�� 01/1986. These studies pointed that native vegetation fragments in the Area of Influence of the Mill, before its implantation, corresponded to approximately 20.7% of the area. Therefore, this study evaluated the impacts of the installation of Usina Vale do S��o Sim��o, between 2007 and 2012, determining its reflex on the environmental regularization of the farms, and the vegetation fragments existing in the area, in the recovery and recomposition of areas defined as Legal Reserve and Permanent Preservation. Previous studies of the area were analyzed, soil use and occupation was mapped for the years 2007 and 2012, and the areas of permanent preservation and native vegetation fragments were marked. In general, there was a decline in native vegetation coverage in the period, although it cannot be stated that such reduction was a direct effect of the milling activity. Therefore, the legal requirement of preserving such areas was not capable of bringing the positive effects of protection and recovery as demanded by the Law, highlighting that the current legislation was not enough to protect such areas.

Flor��stica e ecologia de bri��fitas em um fragmento de restinga no extremo sul do Brasil

A ��rea de Proteção Ambiental da Lagoa Verde �� composta por um mosaico de unidades ambientais. Entre elas, destaca-se um fragmento de mata de restinga que re��ne caracter��sticas f��sicas e microclim��ticas para o estudo de ecologia de bri��fitas. Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar o levantamento das esp��cies de bri��fitas; fornece novas ocorr��ncias de bri��fitas para o Rio Grande do Sul; avaliar a influ��ncia dos gradientes longitudinal e vertical na distribui����o de bri��fitas; quantificar a varia����o da diversidade de bri��fitas nos gradientes longitudinal e vertical. Foram identificadas 51 esp��cies de bri��fitas como novas ocorr��ncias para o Rio Grande do Sul, sendo 11 musgos e 40 hep��ticas. Al��m do local de estudo foram identificadas esp��cies que estavam no herb��rio SP. No estudo dos gradientes longitudinal e vertical foram identificadas 53 esp��cies de bri��fitas, sendo 17 musgos e 36 hep��ticas. Atrav��s da an��lise dos transectos e da inclus��o dos for��fitos subdivididos em tr��s zonas de altura, foram coletadas amostras terr��colas e cortic��colas. As bri��fitas respondem aos gradientes, atrav��s dos fatores microclim��ticos (luminosidade e umidade), em rela����o ao aumento da riqueza e mudan��a na composi����o de esp��cies. A parti����o aditiva da diversidade de bri��fitas quantificou a varia����o da composi����o de esp��cies em cada gradiente. A diversidade entre cada n��vel dos gradientes longitudinal (umidade) e vertical (luminosidade) variou em torno de 40% e 50%, respectivamente. Em conclus��o, o estudo sobre a ecologia de bri��fitas gerou conhecimento sobre a diversidade e biogeografia das esp��cies; contribuiu para o entendimento da distribui����o das bri��fitas em fun����o dos gradientes longitudinal e vertical, por influ��ncia de fatores microclim��ticos e; revelou a varia����o da composi����o de esp��cies em fun����o dos gradientes horizontal (umidade) e vertical (luminosidade).

Caracteriza����o batim��trica e fisicooceanogr��fica do canal de acesso ao porto de Cabedelo/PB: uma an��lise ambiental ao derrame de ��leo

The State of Para��ba is one of the most dynamic states of Brazil, strategically located in the northeast, is notable for the excellent potential for integration of different transportation modes forming the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco and Alagoas. The dynamic that occurs with port activity causes changes in the space where it is installed. And the elements of this space are always more than suffering direct or indirect influences as the flow in the port is expanded. Therefore, this region became subject to the accidental spillage of oil, because it presents a heavy traffic of ships of various sizes that can run aground or collide with oil causing accidental events. The study of geomorphological and sedimentological compositions of seafloor becomes important as more is known about the relationships between these parameters and associated fauna, and can identify their preferred habitats. The database background, acoustically collected along the proposed study area, is a wealth of information, which were duly examined, cataloged and made available. Such information can serve as an important tool, providing a geomorphological survey of the sedimentary area studied, and come to subsidize, in a flexible, future decision making. With the study area Port of Cabedelo, Para��ba - Brazil, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of the tidal surface and background in modeling the seabed, including the acquisition of information about the location of submerged rocky bodies and the depth of these bodies may turn out to be natural traps for the trapping of oil in case of leaks, and obtain the relationship between types of bed and the hydrodynamic conditions present in the region. In this context, for this study were collected bathymetric data (depth) and physical oceanographic (height of water column, water temperature, intensity and direction of currents, waves and turbidity), meteorological (rainfall, air temperature, humidity, winds and barometric pressure) of the access channel to the Port of Cabedelo / PB and its basin evolution (where the cruise ships dock), and includes tools of remote sensing (Landsat 7 ETM +, 2001), so that images and the results are integrated into Geographic Information Systems and used in the elaboration of measures aimed at environmental protection areas under the influence of this scale facilities, serving as a grant to prepare a contingency plan in case of oil spills in the region. The main findings highlight the techniques of using hydroacoustic data acquisition together bathymetric surveys of high and low frequency. From there, five were prepared in bathymetric pattern of Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation - DHN, with the depth in meters, on a scale of 1:2500 (Channel and Basin Evolution of Access to Port of Cabedelo), where there is a large extent possible beachrocks that hinder the movement of vessels in the port area, which can cause collisions, running aground and leaking oil. From the scatter diagram of the vectors of currents, it can be seen as the tidal stream and undergoes a channeling effect caused by the bidirectional effect of the tide (ebb and flood) in the basin of the Port of Cabedelo evolution in NW-direction SE and the highest speed of the currents occurs at low tide. The characterization weather for the period from 28/02 to 04/07/2010 values was within the expected average for the region of study. The multidisciplinary integration of products (digital maps and remote sensing images), proved to be efficient for the characterization of underwater geomorphological study area, reaching the aim to discriminate and enhance submerged structures, previously not visible in the images

ECOTURISMO E CONTRIBUI����O AO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENT��VEL EM COMUNIDADES - CEAR�� - BRASIL

O estudo evidencia o ecoturismo, relacionando-o�� com�� ecologia e com a din��mica e evolu����o da sociedade moderna que exige espa��os de consumo para lazer.�� Analisa a interface do turismo com o meio ambiente, explica impactos socioambientais associados �� mercantiliza����o da natureza e identifica solu����es. Associa o ecoturismo aos compromissos de mudan��as da sociedade de consumo, difundindo princ��pios de sustentabilidade.�� Apresenta perfil de ecoturistas e diferencia����es entre geossistema e ecossistema. Nos geossistemas�� Pantanal, Amaz��nia, Litoral, Serras, Caatingas e Cerrados est��o ecossistemas prop��cios a interpreta����o ambiental ou a descoberta da natureza com atribui����o de significados. Al��m de t��cnicas para�� realiza����o adequada do lazer em Unidades de Conserva����o Ambiental, hist��rias de trilhas e formas diferenciadas de realiz��-las. Aponta utiliza����o de forma sustent��vel do patrim��nio natural e cultural, proteção ambiental, consci��ncia ecol��gica e oportunidades ��s comunidades, com resultados econ��micos favor��veis �� melhoria das condi����es de vida dos p��los de ecoturismo. Explica a produz de baixos impactos ambientais, sustenta����o socioecon��mica para unidades de conserva����o ambiental e alternativas para economias locais, com agricultura familiar, extrativismo, pesca artesanal, atividades ligadas �� natureza. Toma como base ��reas de ecoturismo no Cear�� - Brasil que respeitam exig��ncias ��ticas para a sustentabilidade do ecoturismo, e em especial da sociedade.

POLITICAS P��BLICAS E ORDENAMENTO TERRITORIAL EM ��REAS DE PRESERVA����O AMBIENTAL NA REGI��O DOS LAGOS, RIO DE JANEIRO

O objetivo desse trabalho �� o ordenamento territorial em ��rea de proteção ambiental, analisando o processo de ocupa����o a partir da a����o de promotores imobili��rios numa ��rea natural protegida por lei. Nos ��ltimos 20 anos, observamos o crescimento irregular e desordenado de empreendimentos imobili��rios, dinamizado pelo turismo. A procura por loca����es para veraneio provocou r��pida expans��o de loteamentos habitacionais e estabelecimentos comerciais sobre longa faixa de restinga, entre 26 km de praia e complexo sistema lagunar, localizada nos munic��pios de Saquarema, Araruama e Arraial do Cabo, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Essa ocupa����o amea��a ecossistemas remanescentes como: brejos, lagoas costeiras, manguezais e restingas que deveriam ser preservados segundo leis ambientais. Nesse universo, responderemos as seguintes quest��es: 1) Como atuam os agentes sociais presentes no conflito? 2) Qual o papel do Estado nesse processo? 3) As leis que regem as pol��ticas de conserva����o ambiental s��o interdependentes? 4) H�� conflitos de compet��ncias? A coleta de informa����es ocorreu atrav��s de an��lise documental, de imagens de sat��lite, trabalhos de campo, visitas t��cnicas e entrevistas com agentes sociais. Os resultados possibilitaram um mapeamento da a����o desses agentes na ��rea em estudo, suas compet��ncias e gera����o de mapa de uso do solo.

PLANEJAMENTO AMBIENTAL COMO SUBS��DIO PARA O ORDENAMENTO TERRITORIAL DA APA DE BALBINO-CASCAVEL-CEAR��

As pol��ticas ambientais ao longo do percurso hist��rico sofreram altera����es de acordo com a necessidade do meio ambiente, assim as unidades de conserva����o referenciadas na Lei do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conserva����o (SNUC) prop��e a necessidade da realiza����o do Plano de Manejo como forma de planejamento do territ��rio. Por��m existem ��reas que n��o se desenvolvem com o que se �� proposto, a exemplo da APA de Balbino-Cacavel, CE. A ��rea de Proteção Ambiental de Balbino em Cascavel-CE foi estabelecida pela Lei N�� 479 de 21 de setembro de 1988, tendo como finalidade proteger, conservar e melhorar o meio ambiente, mantendo seu ecossistema natural al��m do valor hist��rico e paisag��stico. Partindo dessas iniciativas pretende-se�� propor a����es ordenadas para o territ��rio, para que assim os ��rg��os competente estabele��am o Plano de Manejo em ��mbito socioambiental. Nesse sentido a Geoecologia da Paisagem permite estudar a integra����o entre a natureza e a sociedade, em seus aspectos estruturais e funcionais,�� tendo na teoria e metodologia subs��dios para elabora����o do planejamento ambiental, sendo uma forma de gest��o e ordenamento territorial, direcionado principalmente para ��reas prop��cias ao uso inadequado.

AN��LISE AMBIENTAL NA IND��STRIA DO BIOG��S EM BELO HORIZONTE, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL: ESTUDO DE CASO EMPRESA ASJA (PARTE II)

O presente estudo de caso consiste em analisar os processos industriais do biog��s, produzido pelo Aterro Sanit��rio de Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil, situado na BR-040.