Doença como experiência: as relações entre vulnerabilidade social e corpo doente enquanto fenômeno biocultural no estado do Pará

O estudo ora apresentado analisa a representação biossocial de pessoas com Anemia Falciforme (AF) no Estado do Pará, agravo entendido como um fenômeno biocultural por envolver aspectos evolutivos, genéticos, ambientais, socioeconômicos e culturais da vivência cotidiana dos indivíduos acometidos pela síndrome. A investigação aborda as sociabilidades de quarenta (40) interlocutores com AF, representando cerca de 10% dos pacientes em tratamento na Fundação Hemopa (Belém), centro de referência em doenças hematológicas do Estado, englobando a sua situação de vulnerabilidade social, suas percepções de Saúde e Doença, os tratamentos complementares (folk medicine), diagnóstico, estigmas, preconceitos, tabus e dificuldades de acesso e acessibilidade aos serviços do SUS com os quais eles convivem rotineiramente. A metodologia compreensiva e a análise de conteúdo revelam as experiências próximas dos sujeitos que diariamente convivem com as instabilidades da enfermidade. A vivência da doença, elaborada através das relações sociais, conversas, percepções e enredamentos familiares e extrafamiliares do grupo em questão, que em seu conjunto organiza sua vida social de modo sui gêneris, foram os principais dados revelados, considerando a dor física e psicológica representada pelo corpo adoecido. O habitus em relação ao estilo de vida dos sujeitos é um recorte que engloba a natureza étnico-racial da AF, ainda entendida como “doença que vem do negro” e que necessita ser desmistificada pelos profissionais de saúde que os assistem no dia-a-dia em ambulatórios de todo o Estado. Concluo sugerindo que a AF é uma doença que está atrelada aos Determinantes Sociais em Saúde, incorporando as diversas suscetibilidades dos interlocutores, que necessitam de maior sensibilidade política e dos setores de atenção básica à saúde para que as pessoas que compartilham as vicissitudes da AF possam ser incluídas socialmente.

As abordagens da morte no currículo de formação inicial de professores de ensino religioso no Pará

O presente estudo busca identificar as abordagens da morte no currículo de formação inicial de professores de Ensino Religioso no Pará, partindo dos pressupostos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa, de tradição fenomenológico-hermenêutica, aplicando a abordagem hermenêutica filosófica de Hans Georg Gadamer (1900-2002), discutida na obra Verdade e método (2011), para o qual a compreensão é um diálogo entre pergunta e resposta, cuja finalidade é estabelecer um acordo quanto ao assunto em discussão. Dessa forma, o assunto em discussão consiste em identificar essas abordagens e o diálogo é estabelecido de modo mais específico com o currículo de formação inicial desses professores. O diálogo entre o texto (currículo) e intérprete (pesquisa) permite pela linguagem identificar vários preconceitos, que segundo Gadamer são herdados da tradição. A tarefa hermenêutica, nesse aspecto, consiste em encontrar os preconceitos legítimos, sendo estes fundamentais para a compreensão. Dito isso, e a partir do estudo realizado, a ressurreição vem se mantendo como abordagem da morte predominante em relação às demais que não deixam de acontecer, haja vista a forte presença da tradição judaico-cristã católica na sociedade brasileira, servindo de base e manutenção de vários preconceitos legítimos e ilegítimos alcançando as Ciências da Religião e o Ensino Religioso, restringindo a importância de outras abordagens tanto na formação inicial quanto na prática do componente curricular, implicando no diálogo e na própria compreensão do ser que pode ser compreendido como linguagem.

A constitucionalidade da norma antielisiva no direito tributário brasileiro

Estudo que objetiva demonstrar a constitucionalidade da norma geral antielisiva introduzida no Direito Brasileiro com a alteração do artigo 116, parágrafo único, do Código Tributário Nacional, levando em consideração a atualidade e a interpretação que deve ser realizada em um contexto que necessita observar a Constituição Federal de 1988, com as diversas previsões de direitos sociais. A norma traz à tona a questão do individual frente ao social, da liberdade frente à igualdade, a busca da verdade material sem violação de direitos. Faz-se abordagem do intérprete e a interpretação das normas e princípios, a necessidade da aplicação do princípio da proporcionalidade, com a busca da verdade material e da justiça fiscal sem violação de direitos e garantias fundamentais da pessoa, em especial do contribuinte. Apresentação necessária para desmistificar argumentos positivistas que propositadamente esquecem os fundamentos constitucionais previstos nos artigos 1° e 3° da Constituição Federal de 1988. Paradigmas e preconceitos foram afastados para reconhecer o sentido da norma antielisiva no direito brasileiro. A demonstração da diferença de elisão e evasão fiscal tornou-se indispensável para posteriormente afastar as pedras do caminho, que eram as alegações de inconstitucionalidade da norma antielisão no Brasil, por possível afronta à legalidade e à liberdade. Argumentos foram utilizados com base na Constituição Federal e com o auxílio nas previsões do Novo Código Civil brasileiro. Após a demonstração da constitucionalidade partiu-se para firmar, dentro do contexto, qual o conteúdo do artigo 116, parágrafo único, do CTN, apresentando, ao final, sugestão de procedimentos a serem seguidos para a aplicação da antielisão no Direito brasileiro. Foi realizada pesquisa doutrinária com incursões em leis e na jurisprudência. Propositadamente não foi realizada comparação com legislação estrangeira, fixando como âmbito de estudo, exclusivamente, a aplicação da norma no Brasil.

Das mulheres de preto ao colorido das mulheres: o que será o amanhã

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Bias na Representação de Assunto: Uma Discussão de Oposições Binárias nos Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dialética da diferença

The present article aims to discuss the theme of dialectical difference according to the concepts of critical theory. At first, the issue of the difference will be thinking about their negative reception that the production of stereotypes and prejudices on ethnicity, race and gender. In a second step, the subject will be treated on its positive reception, very common among social movements and leftist academic. In a third step, both types receive the difference will be problematized from the thought of Theodor Adorno in his Negative Dialectics as possible from mediation between universality and particularity empirical conceptual.

Conectando-c: a influência da internet na vida dos portadores de Hepatite C

Hepatitis C is a disease that affects approximately four million Brazilians. It is a rare disease with symptoms but with a treatment that involves marked secondary effects. The silence of their symptoms, however, socially projected, build the social imaginary figures that send feelings and prejudices, being born therefore the social stigma. This situation fundamentally affects the welfare of their subjects. In this aspect, this research traces a parallel between the situation experienced by patients with hepatitis C and the use for these individuals from the World Wide Web and its interactive tools on overcoming limits the disease and in the reconstruction of their social identities.

Estados emocionais em professores recém-formados: análise contextual

In general, the early career is a period marked by crises. Hubermam (1992) points out that this period is considered by the teacher as one of life's most difficult professional teaching. According to Machado (2004), the physical education worked only in competitive perspective in school, does not contribute to the school to perform its social role. This approach encourages the use of stigmas, labels and prejudices, so common in school, that marginalize even more students from lower classes, and can make the sport of high performance within the school walls create students with low self-esteem and low motivation within other possible disorders . Thus, this study presents the fundamental importance to aid and support to novice teachers, so that they can understand, and address key emotional aspects that interfere in their practice. Thus, our aim was to identify the most recurrent emotional processes in novice teachers identify and also how these emotional states can influence the professional and personal attitudes of these teachers. Through a bibliographic we seek statements, reports and case studies that provide enough material to our analysis and interpretation in order to collaborate with the study area and proceed to proposals that are not unreasonable or tied to the current system. Among the emotional states reported in the literature, we highlight the main, more present and influent in the beginner teacher as listed as follow: Anxiety, Stress, Fear, Shame, Low Self Confidence and Motivation. Considering these states, Damasio (1996) reports that the United Emotional directly influenced the style and efficiency of cognitive processes, in other words, interfere with the performance of teachers in the teaching front. Thus, Machado (2006) points out that the teacher should have a set of techniques and procedures that drive their practice in a manner appropriate to the leading group. Therefore, the knowledge of Psychology of Physical...

Turpilóquio em português e italiano: reflexões sobre marcas de uso de itens tabus em dicionários

In this paper, we tried to understand the place of taboo words and their importance in the language. We focused questions about the taboo and how words can be prohibited. We elected swear words as our object of research because these words have an important place in the lexicon of many speakers, and they are present in books and movies, as well as in the everyday speech. Therefore, we tried to show that they must be analyzed with attention and also free from prejudices. We found out that the use of bad words can be very different in the languages selected and they reflect thus the culture of the languages involved.

Itens lexicais tabus: usá-los ou não. Eis a questão .

The language in use in a society is product of a culture and reflects the way a community thinks. Therefore, the lexical units, through the meanings assigned by a social group, establish a specific look of the universe. We intend to demonstrate that for the denomination of the sexual organs of the human body it usual to avoid the official anatomical terminology – relegated to contexts of great formality – and to adopt other lexical items during informal situations. We intend, with this research, to demystify some prejudices related to the erotic-obscene lexicon, its use and its creation, besides stimulating reflections, in Portuguese and Italian.

O léxico tabu: usos e aspectos socioculturais

The language in use in a society is product of a culture and reflects the way a community thinks. Therefore, the lexical units, through the meanings assigned by a social group, establish a specific look of the universe. We intend to demonstrate that for the denomination of the sexual organs of the human body it usual to avoid the official anatomical terminology – relegated to the contexts of great formality – and to adopt other lexical items during informal situations. This paper reflects about some sociocultural aspects of the forbidden language, that encloses the erogene zones. Using as theory the studies of Lexicology and the obscene lexicon, we intend to verify this lexical typology based in our corpus, and stimulate reflections about the use and the substitution of the official terminology, showing that there are variations in relation to the age and gender of the speakers. We intend, with this research, to demystify some prejudices related to the erotic-obscene lexicon, its use and its creation and to stimulate reflections.

O ensino da matemática aos deficientes auditivos

The theme of this research is mathematics education for the deaf. It is hoped that this work will enable more thorough understanding of the subject matter, since, to be inclusion of people with hearing disabilities in society is necessary to establish measures ranging acceptance and family participation to break prejudices and demystification related learning ability of these individuals. This research also aims to provide grants for teaching mathematics to deaf , so that the teacher can build a current pedagogical practice that will not only meet their expectations as a teacher , but above that encourages the development of skills essential to the competence of the student with special educational needs . An educational practice based in the communication and interaction between teacher and students, with the intention of providing an effective meaning of mathematical knowledge, you can add new possibilities in an educational context marked by scarcity of communicative opportunities

A sobrevivência das culturas como prescrição ética para o planejamento cultural: um estudo conceitual

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Formação de professores para o trabalho com o tema sexualidade no cotidiano escolar

The current study aims to examine the training potential of an extension project, to work with the issue of sexuality in the daily school environment, as well as the redefinition of values and prejudices on the part of students. Sexuality relates to the pursuit of pleasure, manifested from birth to death. It is believed that the school environment is permeated with sexuality and the school can not deny its role in informing and training young people to experience it sensibly and safe. The extension project in question is intended to constitute as training space for Biological Sciences undergraduates at a public university, to provide conditions for reflection and subjectification of issues related to sexuality, favoring the training of more qualified teachers to deal with the subject in school environment. We used a qualitative methodology, using as instruments to collect data: questionnaires consisting of open-ended questions answered by members and former members of the design and analysis of mentoring records of supervision. It appears that participation in the project is perceived as significant and indicated as responsible for changes in conceptions, prejudices, stereotypes and attitudes regarding the theme of sexuality. Participants feel better prepared to work with the theme in their teaching practice.

Gênero e diversidade na escola: reflexões acerca da formação continuada sobre assuntos da diversidade sexual

This article aims to discuss reports brought by the teacher the early years of public school in the training course in Gender and Diversity in School (GDS), with regard to the prejudices of gender and sexual diversity. The GDS training course was offered in 2009 and 2010, by the Open University of Brazil (UAB), in cooperation agreement with the Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). In São Paulo the training centers were distributed in 09 municipalities. The course GDS was inserted in the modality teacher continuing education elementary education from the public schools, in the semipresencial way, and it was divided into five thematic modules: diversity, gender, sexuality and sexual orientation, race / ethnicity. In this article, we present the analysis of the memorials written by / the teacher / participants of the 1st GDE course, polo Jau, in the state of São Paulo, that link the learning which was experienced in the course. Were obtained reports about conflicts arising from the dissonance of personal beliefs and professional responsibilities; involvement of the life’s history of the teacher in his performance in the school (subjectivities); transposition of conceptual errors built out of school, between other aspects. It could be observed that the course has destabilized these teachers with some questions about their certainties. The difficulty in changing and transforming concepts and prejudices about sexual and gender diversity was clarified during the course. The course enabled the educators the contact with contemporary questions, reflect on their attitudes and conceptions of education, which can help to transform their practices in school, providing new perspectives on the issue of sexuality