Seletividade do herbicida saflufenacil a Eucalyptus urograndis

As áreas com plantios florestais estão constantemente em expansão, e a interferência das plantas daninhas alteram o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de eucalipto, pois estas competem por água, nutrientes, espaço e luz. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a seletividade do herbicida saflufenacil, aplicado com e sem óleo mineral Dash, em plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis, em diferentes locais de aplicação (planta, solo e solo + planta). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, constituído de um fatorial 3 x 11, sendo três locais de aplicação do herbicida na planta e 11doses do herbicida saflufenacil combinadas ou não com o adjuvante Dash. Cada parcela constou de um vaso com uma planta. Os tratamentos usados foram: 0, 25, 25+Dash (0,5% v/v), 50, 50+Dash (0,5% v/v), 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 e 200 g i.a. ha-1 . Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de fitointoxicação durante 56 dias após aplicação (DAA). Avaliouse, ainda, a altura, o diâmetro de caule e a biomassa seca das plantas. Todas as doses testadas de saflufenacil sem adjuvante mostraram-se seletivas às plantas de E. urograndis, independentemente do local de aplicação. A adição de Dash aos tratamentos proporcionou injúrias severas às plantas nas avaliações iniciais, quando aplicado sobre as plantas, com a recuperação total destas no fim do ensaio, aos 56 DAA. A aplicação do herbicida em mistura com adjuvante somente no solo não causou intoxicação às plantas de eucalipto.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes During the Early Stages of Tomato Infection by a Potyvirus

Plant responses against pathogens cause up-and downward shifts in gene expression. To identify differentially expressed genes in a plant-virus interaction, susceptible tomato plants were inoculated with the potyvirus Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV) and a subtractive library was constructed from inoculated leaves at 72 h after inoculation. Several genes were identified as upregulated, including genes involved in plant defense responses (e. g., pathogenesis-related protein 5), regulation of the cell cycle (e. g., cytokinin-repressed proteins), signal transduction (e. g., CAX-interacting protein 4, SNF1 kinase), transcriptional regulators (e. g., WRKY and SCARECROW transcription factors), stress response proteins (e. g., Hsp90, DNA-J, 20S proteasome alpha subunit B, translationally controlled tumor protein), ubiquitins (e. g., polyubiquitin, ubiquitin activating enzyme 2), among others. Downregulated genes were also identified, which likewise display identity with genes involved in several metabolic pathways. Differential expression of selected genes was validated by macroarray analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The possible roles played by some of these genes in the viral infection cycle are discussed.

Proteomic analysis reveals suppression of bark chitinases and proteinase inhibitors in citrus plants affected by the citrus sudden death disease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Habitat heterogeneity and pollinators: Bees in fragmented landscapes (Hymenoptera : Apidae)

This text presents the main studies that report the effect of habitat degradation upon plant-pollinator interactions and the importance of the presence of native vegetation remnants to pollinators, which leads to the need for conservation measures.

Why are fruits colorful? The relative importance of achromatic and chromatic contrasts for detection by birds

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Photosynthetic response of soybean to twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychydae) injury

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

alpha-Hydroxynitrile lyase protein from Xylella fastidiosa: Cloning, expression, and characterization

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effect of floating macrophyte cover on the water quality in fishpond

A study was conducted during 23 days in order to evaluate the impact of floating aquatic macrophyte on the water quality of a fishpond. Water samples were collected in four points, three inside the pond and one in water inlet. Drastic reduction of dissolved oxygen was observed in the pond, down to 0.87 mg/L. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed for total CO 2, nitrite and ammonia with respect to inlet water (P1) and inside the pond (P2, P3 e P4). Chlorophyll a displayed an inverse relationship with phosphorus. Among nitrogen compounds, ammonia presented the highest concentrations except in water inlet where nitrate was higher, 513.33 μg/l, as well as the highest conductivity values. The pH was slightly acid. The results obtained showed that the macrophyte cover promoted an adverse effect in the medium. Under control, aquatic plants might impact positively due to its capacity to reduce total phosphorus and nitrate in the water column as observed in this study.

Variação genética, interação genótipo solo e ganhos na seleção em teste de progěnies de Corymbia citriodora Hook em Luiz Antonio, São Paulo

The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variation, the genotype × soil interaction and the selection among and within Corymbia citriodora progenies in three different kinds of soils (Red Latossol, Quartz Sand and Purple Latossol), which occur in the Luiz Antônio Experimental Station, São Paulo State, Brazil. The progeny test was established 1983, using 56 open-pollinated families of C. citriodora. Twenty fve years after planting the following traits were measured: height, diameter at breast height (Dbh), stem form and survival. Best growth occurred in Purple Latossol. Significant differences among progenies were detected for most traits in all sites, suggesting the possibility of improvement by selection. In the analysis with sites, Significant differences among locals, progenies and genotypes × soil interaction were detected, confiming that the tested material has sufficient genetic variation to be explored by selection in all sites. The analysis of genotype × soil interaction indicates that growth traits present single interaction and the same progenies can be selected in each site. On the order hand, genotype × soil interaction for stem form and survival was complex; and specifc progenies need to be selected for each kind of soil. The population, due to its high genetic variation and strong genetic control of traits, permits to obtain considerable genetic gains by selection among and within progenies.

Identificação de genes candidatos para resistência ao mosaico da cana-de-açúcar a partir da técnica de cDNA-AFLP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Não-preferência para oviposição, alimentação e antibiose de Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) por genótipos de couve (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Transcriptoma (RNA-seq) de laranja doce Valência (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) e Kumquat (Fortunella spp.) infectadas por Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

Pós-graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia - FCFAR

Identificação e clonagem de r- genes candidatos potencialmente envolvidos na resistência ao cancro cítrico (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Composição da avifauna e frugivoria por ave em um mosaico sucessional na Mata Atlântica

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Uso de biofertilizante na produtividade do milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV