A entomoftorose nasal

São apresentados os dados clínico-patológicos de dois casos de entomoftorose nasal, nova doença humana causada por um ficomiceto - Entomophthora coronata. Os pacientes, uma menina e um homem, com 8 e 44 anos de idade respectivamente, apresentaram doença localizada, com nódulos no nariz e região paranasal, edema e deformação da face. O parasito foi isolado do primeiro caso, mas todas as tentativas para isolá-lo no segundo caso resultaram negativas. Histologicamente, havia reação granulomatosa, fibrose e edema, em torno de hifas não septadas, as quais exibiam envólucro eosinófilo amorfo em torno. Foram demonstrados anticorpos circulantes contra, as hifas do E. coronata no soro de um dos pacientes. O material eosinófilo em torno das hifas continha fibrina e material auto-fluorescente sob luz ultra-violeta, provavelmente lipofuscina, mas não foram demonstrados anticorpos ou antígenos nesta área. A apresentação destes casos, os primeiros a serem descritos no Brasil, é acompanhado, de uma revisão geral do assunto, pois tal poderá vir a ser de interesse para aqueles que estudam os problemas da patologia tropical em nosso meio.

Rinosporidiose nasal - estudo de 11 casos

Os A. A. apresentam 11 casos de rinosporidiose nasal, cujos aspectos clínicos, anatomo-patológicos e epidemiológicos são analisados. Os pacientes - um negro, um branco e nove de cor parda, todos rurícolas - tinham de 6 a 33 anos. Nove eram áo sexo masculino. O tempo de evolução da doença variou de três meses a quatro anos e havia um caso com três recidivas. A grande maioria era proveniente do Maranhão.

Novo Software para análise do epitélio nasal humano

A discinesia ciliar primária (DCP) resulta de disfunção ciliar no ser humano, estando associada a um conjunto de sintomas muito diversificados. É uma doença respiratória rara caracterizada por infecções respiratórias, situs inversus, infertilidade e hidrocefalia. Em Portugal não existe nenhum centro de diagnóstico da doença. Mas a inten-ção de criar um surgiu, seguindo o método de centros de diagnóstico para DCP utilizado noutros países. Este diagnóstico consiste em recolher amostras dos cílios do nariz, através do método de escovagem nasal e obter a gravação do batimento das células ciliadas por uma câmara de alta velocidade acoplada a um microscópio com objectivas de alta resolução. É possível estudar a DCP através da análise do comportamento físico dos cílios, e, para uma melhor abordagem, foi desenvolvido um programa executável, em C#, para análise destas amostras. Este, após a escolha de uma zona de interesse da sequência de imagens pelo utilizador (ROI), detecta as frequências do bati-mento ciliar, indicando uma lista com as percentagens das frequências obtidas e cria um mapa de frequências do ROI. A ferramenta permite ainda calcular o comprimento do cílio e realizar um estudo do movimento do mesmo, algo que ainda não foi abordado por outros programas. O código desenvolvido permitirá, assim, obter um diagnóstico de DCP em Por-tugal, rápido e nalguns casos com um melhor desempenho do que a inspecção visual seguida noutros centros de diagnóstico.

Histological comparison of the alar nasal cartilages in unilateral cleft lip

Patients with unilateral cleft lip display characteristic nasal changes that are independent of the degree of deformity. Defenders of the intrinsic theory consider these deformities to be due to embryogenic alterations of the alar nasal cartilages. Those that propose the extrinsic theory defend the thesis that the deformity is due to disorganization of the perioral muscles deformed by the cleft. The purpose of this study is to contribute histological evidence to help clarify the issue. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Specimens of the lateral portion of both the healthy and the cleft side of the alar cartilages were obtained from 18 patients. These uniformly cut specimens were stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Samples from 2 patients were excluded due to imperfections. The same pathologist examined all the slides. He was unaware of the origins of the specimens; he counted the number of chondrocytes and quantified the cartilage matrixes. RESULTS: All data was analyzed statistically, and no significant statistical differences were apparent, either in the number of chondrocytes or the cartilage matrix between the healthy side and the cleft side. DISCUSSION: These results apparently support the group that defend the extrinsic theory; nevertheless, the doubt about the composition of the cartilage matrix remains, not only concerning the glycosaminoglycans that compose them, but also regarding elastin and collagen and its linkages that can cause different degrees of collagen consistency.

Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n. (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) from the Nasal cavities of Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) (Characiformes: Cynodontidae) from the Brazilian Amazon, and considerations about Abergasilinae

Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n., collected from the nasal cavities of Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) in the Mamoré River, Rondônia State, Brazil, is described. This is the first time that a species from the genus Brasergasilus has been collected in the nasal cavities. This new species is the only one that has a spine on the first segment of the antenna, a simple seta on the basipodites of the first three pairs of legs and one pair of vestigial legs (leg 5 ) on the sixth thoracic somite.

A review of squeaking in ceramic total hip prostheses

The occurrence of audible squeaking in some patients with ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) hip prostheses is a cause for concern. Considering multifactor contributing to this phenomenon, many studies have been conducted over the last decade. Great efforts have been put on understanding the mechanics of the hip squeaking to gain a deep insight into factors resulting in sound emission from hip articulation. Disruption of fluid-film lubrication and friction were reported as main potential causes of hip squeaking, while patient and surgical factors as well as design and material of hip implants were identified as affecting factors. This review article therefore summarised the recent available literature on this subject to provide a platform for future developments. Moreover, high wear rates and ceramic liner fracture as viable consequences of hip squeaking were discussed.

Evaluation of the marker of hypercoagulability prothrombin fragment F 1+2 in patients with mechanical or biological heart valve prostheses

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether patients with heart valve prostheses and similar International Normalized Ratios (INR) have the same level of protection against thromboembolic events, that is, whether the anticoagulation intensity is related to the intensity of hypercoagulability supression. METHODS: INR and plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2) were assessed in blood samples of 27 patients (7 with mechanical heart valves and 20 with biological heart valves) and 27 blood samples from healthy donors that were not taking any medication. RESULTS: Increased levels of F1+2 were observed in blood samples of 5 patients with heart valve prostheses taking warfarin. These findings reinforce the idea that even though patients may have INRs, within the therapeutic spectrum, they are not free from new thromboembolic events. CONCLUSION: Determination of the hypercoagulability marker F1+2 might result in greater efficacy and safety for the use of oral anticoagulants, resulting in improved quality of life for patients.

Aspergillus infection in the ascending aorta of a patient with aortic and mitral valve prostheses

We report the case of implantation of metallic mitral and aortic valve prostheses 6 months earlier, with subsequent multiple embolic episodes. The anatomicopathological examination of the thrombus of the third embolic episode was compatible with Aspergillus sp, which was treated with amphotericin B, followed by oral itraconazole. On the fourth embolism, vegetations were visualized in the ascending aorta on echocardiography and resonance imaging, and the patient underwent replacement of the aortic segment by a Haemashield tube and exploration of the aortic prosthesis, which was preserved, because no signs of endocarditis were found. Four months later, the patient died due to cardiogenic shock secondary to acute myocardial infarction caused by probable coronary embolism and partial dysfunction of the aortic prosthesis.

Síndrome do balonamento apical secundário ao uso abusivo de descongestionante nasal

Descrevemos um caso típico de síndrome do balonamento apical em uma paciente octogenária com alteração eletrocardiográfica, de contratilidade do ventrículo esquerdo, e que apresentou recuperação da função ventricular. A paciente é portadora de rinite alérgica e fez uso excessivo de descongestionante nasal horas antes do episódio da dor.

Isolamento e estudo experimental de duas novas culturas de bacilos ácido-alcool resistentes de muco nasal de leprosos

The A. described on December 14, 1951, his first culture of acid-fast bacillus isolated from nasal mucus of a leprous girl. in this paper the A. describes two new strains of acid-fast bacilli gotten also from nasal mucus of other two leprous girls, L3 cases. The first patient (layse S) had her mucus treated by petroff's method on December 16, 1952 and sown onto three tubes of loewenstein medium and in glycerin broth. After two weeks incubation at 37°C all three tubes of Loewenstein showed many punctiforme and pin-head yellowish colonies, whose microscopic examination proved to be of a pure acid-fast bacillus culture. This sample inoculated in rats and mice produced, after 55 days incubation, small tumors from which the culture was easily recovered. On April, 9, 1953 a new sample of nasal mucus of the same patient was sown in three tubes of Loewenstein. After two weeks incubation at 37°C all 3 tubes showed germination of small yellowish colonies of acid-fast bacilli. Within four months being gotten two samples of identical cultures in all smeared tubes of Loewenstein medium sown, proved that such cultures were not an ordinary ambient contamination. Second patient: - Maria N. After various sowing of different kinds of material from her, february 26, 1953 her nasal mucus treated by soda and sown onto Loewenstein medium, after 25 days incubation showed in only one tube, one small round colony, at first white, becoming creamy after three months. Transplants in various media grew at first slowly and after 2 or 3 generations grew faster. The "Layse" strain produced pellicle in glycerin broth and Dubos medium; the "Maria N." strain did not produce as yet. Both strains (Layse I and II, and Maria N.) gave weak positive Dubos test in half-an-hour and negative after 24 hours reading. Both were strongly positive when stained by Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen and Fontes methods. Both strains gave also positive fluoroscopy. These cultures are being studied. The A. concludes that, according to his experience, the slower growing cultures of acid-fast bacilli isolated from leprosy material, are the more suitable for experimental work. Aknowledgement. The A. thanks to Miss MARIA DE LOURDES SANTANA for her valuable collaboration in the studies of the described cultures.

Prolongada persistência do vírus da gripe em hamsters inoculados por vias parenterais e nasal

As experiências relatadas no presente trabalho visaram observar a persistência do vírus da gripe em hamsters inoculados pelas vias subcutânea, peritoneal e nasal. Usaram-se 53 hamsters na verificação da persistência do vírus nos seus organismos a qual atingiu até um ano e cinco meses, pelo menos, numa das séries de experiências. A outra parte do trabalho consistiu em verificar a passagem do vírus, em série, de hamster a hamster. Observamo-la até o máximo de nove vezes, o que foi excepcional, notando-se passagens, na série, com resultados negativos intercalados. Para esta última parte forma usados 91 hamsters, perfazendo o total de 144 em todas as experiências realizadas.

Nasal secretions of Neisseria lactamica carriers have an inhibitory effect on Neisseria meningitidis attachment to human oroepithelial cells

Nasal secretions of volunteers colonized by N. lactamica impaired the attachment of N. lactamica and of meningococci of groups A and B to oroepithelial cells. Bacterial adherence was found to be mediated by nonpiliated adhesins with antigen(s) which probably are shared by the strains tested. Although a strong attachment-inhibiting activity arises in their nasal secretions, volunteers remained colonized by N. lactamica. This evidence suggest that the eradication of Neisseria carriage is a multifactorial event.

Nasal immunization of mice with human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles elicits neutralizing antibodies in mucosal secretions.

To specifically induce a mucosal antibody response to purified human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) virus-like particles (VLP), we immunized female BALB/c mice orally, intranasally, and/or parenterally and evaluated cholera toxin (CT) as a mucosal adjuvant. Anti-HPV16 VLP immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA titers in serum, saliva, and genital secretions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Systemic immunizations alone induced HPV16 VLP-specific IgG in serum and, to a lesser extent, in genital secretions but no secretory IgA. Oral immunization, even in the presence of CT, was inefficient. However, three nasal immunizations with 5 microgram of VLP given at weekly intervals to anesthetized mice induced high (>10(4)) and long-lasting (>15 weeks) titers of anti-HPV16 VLP antibodies in all samples, including IgA and IgG in saliva and genital secretions. CT enhanced the VLP-specific antibody response 10-fold in serum and to a lesser extent in saliva and genital secretions. Nasal immunization of conscious mice compared to anesthetized mice was inefficient and correlated with the absence of uptake of a marker into the lung. However, a 1-microgram VLP systemic priming followed by two 5-microgram VLP intranasal boosts in conscious mice induced both HPV16 VLP-specific IgG and IgA in secretions, although the titers were lower than in anesthetized mice given three intranasal immunizations. Antibodies in serum, saliva, and genital secretions of immunized mice were strongly neutralizing in vitro (50% neutralization with ELISA titers of 65 to 125). The mucosal and systemic/mucosal HPV16 VLP immunization protocols that induced significant titers of neutralizing IgG and secretory IgA in mucosal secretions in mice may be relevant to genital HPV VLP-based human vaccine trials.