Medium change monitoring using ambient seismic noise and coda wave interferometry: examples from intraplate NE Brazil and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

This thesis presents and discusses the results of ambient seismic noise correlation for two different environments: intraplate and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The coda wave interferometry method has also been tested for the intraplate data. Ambient noise correlation is a method that allows to retrieve the structural response between two receivers from ambient noise records, as if one of the station was a virtual source. It has been largely used in seismology to image the subsurface and to monitor structural changes associated mostly with volcanic eruptions and large earthquakes. In the intraplate study, we were able to detect localized structural changes related to a small earthquake swarm, which main event is mR 3.7, North-East of Brazil. We also showed that the 1-bit normalization and spectral whitening result on the loss of waveform details and that the phase auto-correlation, which is amplitude unbiased, seems to be more sensitive and robust for our analysis of a small earthquake swarm. The analysis of 6 months of data using cross-correlations detect clear medium changes soon after the main event while the auto-correlations detect changes essentially after 1 month. It could be explained by fluid pressure redistribution which can be initiated by hydromechanical changes and opened path ways to shallower depth levels due to later occurring earthquakes. In the Mid-Atlantic Ridge study, we investigate structural changes associated with a mb 4.9 earthquake in the region of the Saint Paul transform fault. The data have been recorded by a single broadband seismic station located at less than 200 km from the Mid-Atlantic ridge. The results of the phase auto-correlation for a 5-month period, show a strong co-seismic medium change followed by a relatively fast post-seismic recovery. This medium change is likely related to the damages caused by the earthquake’s ground shaking. The healing process (filling of the new cracks) that lasted 60 days can be decomposed in two phases, a fast recovery (70% in ~30 days) in the early post-seismic stage and a relatively slow recovery later (30% in ~30 days). In the coda wave interferometry study, we monitor temporal changes of the subsurface caused by the small intraplate earthquake swarm mentioned previously. The method was first validated with synthetics data. We were able to detect a change of 2.5% in the source position and a 15% decrease of the scatterers’ amount. Then, from the real data, we observed a rapid decorrelation of the seismic coda after the mR 3.7 seismic event. This indicates a rapid change of the subsurface in the fault’s region induced by the earthquake.

Medium change monitoring using ambient seismic noise and coda wave interferometry: examples from intraplate NE Brazil and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

This thesis presents and discusses the results of ambient seismic noise correlation for two different environments: intraplate and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The coda wave interferometry method has also been tested for the intraplate data. Ambient noise correlation is a method that allows to retrieve the structural response between two receivers from ambient noise records, as if one of the station was a virtual source. It has been largely used in seismology to image the subsurface and to monitor structural changes associated mostly with volcanic eruptions and large earthquakes. In the intraplate study, we were able to detect localized structural changes related to a small earthquake swarm, which main event is mR 3.7, North-East of Brazil. We also showed that the 1-bit normalization and spectral whitening result on the loss of waveform details and that the phase auto-correlation, which is amplitude unbiased, seems to be more sensitive and robust for our analysis of a small earthquake swarm. The analysis of 6 months of data using cross-correlations detect clear medium changes soon after the main event while the auto-correlations detect changes essentially after 1 month. It could be explained by fluid pressure redistribution which can be initiated by hydromechanical changes and opened path ways to shallower depth levels due to later occurring earthquakes. In the Mid-Atlantic Ridge study, we investigate structural changes associated with a mb 4.9 earthquake in the region of the Saint Paul transform fault. The data have been recorded by a single broadband seismic station located at less than 200 km from the Mid-Atlantic ridge. The results of the phase auto-correlation for a 5-month period, show a strong co-seismic medium change followed by a relatively fast post-seismic recovery. This medium change is likely related to the damages caused by the earthquake’s ground shaking. The healing process (filling of the new cracks) that lasted 60 days can be decomposed in two phases, a fast recovery (70% in ~30 days) in the early post-seismic stage and a relatively slow recovery later (30% in ~30 days). In the coda wave interferometry study, we monitor temporal changes of the subsurface caused by the small intraplate earthquake swarm mentioned previously. The method was first validated with synthetics data. We were able to detect a change of 2.5% in the source position and a 15% decrease of the scatterers’ amount. Then, from the real data, we observed a rapid decorrelation of the seismic coda after the mR 3.7 seismic event. This indicates a rapid change of the subsurface in the fault’s region induced by the earthquake.

“É acompanhante ou usuária?” Implicações sobre a posição da família no atendimento a crianças e adolescentes em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial da Infância e Adolescência - CAPSi

This study emerged and founded itself with the aim to analyze the position taken by the family – and the implications in this subjective area – in attending children and adolescents in a Childhood Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSi). A secondary goal has come up as the comprehension surrounding the institutional representation made about the family and the service offered to children, adolescents and relatives. For such, the historical perspective on the relation between the State (laws and institutions) and the family was resumed, and the understanding of how it was reconciled by the medical knowledge and attended the ideological and political means. The social and ideological transformations of the 20th century culminated in the need of change required by the Psychiatric Reform and the achievement of patients on the right to return home and to their families. This new situation, permeated by the attempt of building an assistance model in Mental Health, presented a peculiarity–the close relationship between family and Mental Health services. The observations and conversations at CAPSi that were the investigation objects in this research, intended to learn on the quotidian of families and the possible treatment alternatives that would take into account the family circumstances. Conceiving the status of the families in Mental Health services is a germinal matter yet to be adjusted among the active knowledge in the post-Reform devices. The discussion about the family bonds, anchored in the theoretical perspective of Binding Psychoanalysis brought up elementary concepts such as psychic heritage, denial pact, unconscious alliances, the familiar psychic set, among other. The concept of family organizer helped to think of the family trajectories and stablishes a sort of identity for the family, as well as interferes in the establishment of its boundaries. The family path within the institution, as well as the status they establish facing the institutional approach, reflect the ghosts and the organizers shared by the group-family. It follows that the family is an important protagonist to be considered in the current therapeutic and political processes and, thus, is key to welcome the family bonds for the alliances act over the affective destinations, as well as try to remain sealed from the proposed changes.

Plutonismo granítico varisco no Centro Norte de Portugal

O complexo batolítico das Beiras está localizado na Zona Centro Ibérica (ZCI), no centro norte de Portugal. É predominantemente composto por rochas granitóides instaladas em metassedimentos de idade Neoproterozóica - Câmbrica Inferior, Ordovícica e Carbonífera Superior, durante ou após a última fase de deformação dúctil varisca (D3). No seu conjunto, as rochas granitóides do Batólito das Beiras cobrem um amplo espectro de idades (sin-, tardi- e tardi-pós-D3) e tipologias (tipo S e transicionais I-S). Neste trabalho apresentam-se dados petrográficos, mineralógicos, geoquímicos e isotópicos para estas intrusões e discutem-se os principais processos envolvidos na sua génese.

Evaluación de carga microbiana termotolerantes (Escherichia coli) post tratamiento de inmersión del “Curil” (Anadara tuberculosa), en agua sometida a radiación ultravioleta

Los moluscos bivalvos se alimentan por filtración logrando ingerir partículas en suspensión que pueden contener microorganismos patógenos a un nivel muy superior al de su entorno acuático, por lo tanto los riesgos de enfermedades gastrointestinales para humanos se asocian al consumo de moluscos crudos. Muchas de estas enfermedades transmitidas por moluscos se deben a bacterias entéricas asociadas con contaminación fecal. Para controlar las enfermedades transmitidas por moluscos, se ha ideado la limpieza de moluscos de los contaminantes presentes en su tejido a través de la depuración (un sistema controlado), este es un proceso que consiste en mantener a los bivalvos en tanques con agua de mar libre de contaminantes microbiológicos, en condiciones que permitan maximizar la actividad natural de filtración y expulsar así el contenido intestinal donde están presentes las bacterias nocivas para el consumo humano. La presente investigación consistió en evaluar la depuración a la que se sometió el “curil” (A. tuberculosa) para reducir la carga microbiana de Escherichia coli y Coliformes, donde los “curiles” se introdujeron en agua radiada con luz ultravioleta, bajo condiciones de temperatura, salinidad y pH, por periodos de tiempo de 24, 48, y 72 horas. Los ejemplares analizados fueron 51muestras, 24 de ellos se extrajeron de los sitios de cultivo Las Flores y El Jobal de la Bahía de Jiquilisco, del Departamento de Usulután y el resto fueron recolectados en un establecimiento comercial de mariscos de la misma zona para determinar la capacidad máxima del sistema depurador, también se analizó 21 muestras del agua radiada con luz UV para demostrar la efectividad del sistema depurador. Las muestras colectadas de tejido de “curil” y agua de mar fueron trasladadas al Laboratorio del Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud (CENSALUD) de la Universidad de El Salvador, para la realización del análisis microbiológico mediante la técnica de placa vertida por medio del recuento de Unidades Formadoras de Colonias (UFC/g) (Cuantificación de Coliformes) y Número Más Probable (NMP/ml) (Comprobación de presencia de E. coli), ambas técnicas recomendadas por la Administración de Alimentos y Medicina de los Estados Unidos de América (FDA, por sus siglas en inglés)

El capital financiero en la dinámica económica argentina entre 2002-2012. Los efectos de la política económica en la post-convertibilidad

La nueva orientación de las medidas de política económica en Argentina a partir de 2002 dio lugar a que se especulara con un cambio profundo en el funcionamiento de su economía. En la década de 1990 las políticas de ajuste aplicadas en el marco de la renegociación de la deuda externa, contribuyeron a la gravitación de la dinámica económica en torno al capital financiero. La deuda pública se convirtió en el eje de la actividad especulativa, por su papel destacado en el ingreso de capitales extranjeros que elevaban los tipos de interés ante la necesidad de aumentar su atractivo. El endeudamiento público permitía el sostenimiento de la política económica, el pago de los servicios de la deuda pública, el déficit comercial y la fuga de capitales del sector no financiero. A partir de la implementación de las nuevas medidas y de la mejora de los datos macroeconómicos del país, desde el discurso oficial, se afirmó la interrupción de este circuito y, con ello, el desplazamiento del capital financiero del centro de la escena económica. No obstante, la existencia de opiniones contrarias a las bondades de estas medidas y a la afirmación de cambio justifican el interés de esta investigación. En este trabajo se aborda el análisis del alcance del cambio de las medidas de regulación entre los años 2002 y 2012, centrándose concretamente en los efectos que ha tenido sobre el capital financiero. El objeto de estudio de esta investigación es constatar si se produjo un desplazamiento del capital financiero del centro de la dinámica económica en este periodo. El trabajo se divide en tres partes. La primera parte incluye los capítulos que contienen la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis de lo sucedido en la década de 1990 y el conjunto de medidas de política económica con efectos en el ámbito financiero tomadas a partir de 2002. Estas son: la devaluación, el rescate financiero, las políticas monetaria y cambiaria, la reestructuración de la deuda en default, la nacionalización del sistema previsional de capitalización, los controles del mercado de divisas, la reforma de la Carta Orgánica del Banco Central y la ley del mercado de valores. La segunda parte de esta tesis incluye los capítulos en los que se aborda el análisis de las variables desde las que se evaluó la centralidad del capital financiero en la dinámica económica...

El papel de la cooperación sur-sur en materia de educación técnica en Haití después del terremoto del 2010: estudio de caso: Brasil y Ecuador (2010-2015)

El presente estudio de caso analiza el papel de la Cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS) proveída por Brasil y Ecuador en materia de Educación Técnica en Haití después del terremoto del 2010 hasta el año 2015. Bajo el entendido que la CSS busca intercambiar, por medio de proyectos, los conocimientos y técnicas en los cuales estos países tienen experiencia, una de las formas de cooperación que tienen Brasil y Ecuador frente a Haití está basada en brindar capacidades en materia de Educación Técnica, con el fin de incentivar el desarrollo del recurso humano en los diferentes sectores a los cuales ésta va dirigida. En ese sentido, se escogieron dichos países al ser dos de los que más aportaron de América del Sur mediante la Educación Técnica hacia Haití después del terremoto. De ésta forma queda demostrado que por medio del intercambio de conocimientos, se puede hacer una apuesta fundamental al desarrollo de un país, enseñando y capacitando a personal de áreas específicas, con el ánimo de aumentar las capacidades productivas.

EL TERREMOTO DE FRAIJANES DEL 1888 Y EL SISTEMA DE FALLAS DE ALAJUELA, IMPLICACIONES DEL PELIGRO SISMICO POTENCIAL PARA EL VALLE CENTRAL OCCIDENTAL

El estudio geológico estructural y morfotectónico de la región de la región al norte de la ciudad de Alajuela, muestra una serie de fallas, estructuras volcánicas y alineamientos que pueden ser correlacionados con el terremoto de 1888, o bien, ser nuevas fuentes sísmicas, siendo la falla de Alajuela la alternativa más viable para el origen del terremoto y una depresión 1.5 km al este de Fraijanes, la probable área epicentral.  Los datos obtenidos de los informes y periódicos de la época permiten estimar el patrón de distribución de las isosistas del terremoto del  30 de diciembre de 1888 y calcular junto con otros datos microsísmicos y a partir de relaciones empíricas, los parámetros sísimicos (profundidad, epicentro, magnitud, intensidad, aceleración).  El terremoto de Fraijanes demostró hace casi un siglo ser muy destructivo, y hoy día con el aumento de población e infraestructura en la región, el grado de vulnerabilidad es mayor y por consiguiente aumento el riesgo sísmico.

The Coming of Post-reflexive Society: Commodification and Language in Digital Capitalism

Language is a unique aspect of human communication because it can be used to discuss itself in its own terms. For this reason, human societies potentially have superior capacities of co-ordination, reflexive self-correction, and innovation than other animal, physical or cybernetic systems. However, this analysis also reveals that language is interconnected with the economically and technologically mediated social sphere and hence is vulnerable to abstraction, objectification, reification, and therefore ideology – all of which are antithetical to its reflexive function, whilst paradoxically being a fundamental part of it. In particular, in capitalism, language is increasingly commodified within the social domains created and affected by ubiquitous communication technologies. The advent of the so-called ‘knowledge economy’ implicates exchangeable forms of thought (language) as the fundamental commodities of this emerging system. The historical point at which a ‘knowledge economy’ emerges, then, is the critical point at which thought itself becomes a commodified ‘thing’, and language becomes its “objective” means of exchange. However, the processes by which such commodification and objectification occurs obscures the unique social relations within which these language commodities are produced. The latest economic phase of capitalism – the knowledge economy – and the obfuscating trajectory which accompanies it, we argue, is destroying the reflexive capacity of language particularly through the process of commodification. This can be seen in that the language practices that have emerged in conjunction with digital technologies are increasingly non-reflexive and therefore less capable of self-critical, conscious change.

Vaughan, Suzi and Armstrong, Wendy (2009) Threads of tension. In: Vaughan, Suzi and Schmidt, Christine Margaret, (eds.) Five Fashion Musings. Post Pressed, Brisbane, Qld, pp. 9-15.

five:fashion musings is an upcoming 2009 publicaton to celebrate the fashion discipline's five-year milestone at the Queensland Unviesity of Technology. it represents a body of work by fashion practitioners, aceademic and educators commissioned to explore their research in fashion theory, practice and pedogogy through five key themes.