218 resultados para Miracles
Resumo:
What is a miracle and what can we know about miracles? A discussion of miracles in anglophone philosophy of religion literature since the late 1960s. The aim of this study is to systematically describe and philosophically examine the anglophone discussion on the subject of miracles since the latter half of the 1960s. The study focuses on two salient questions: firstly, what I will term the conceptual-ontological question of the extent to which we can understand miracles and, secondly, the epistemological question of what we can know about miracles. My main purpose in this study is to examine the various viewpoints that have been submitted in relation to these questions, how they have been argued and on what presuppositions these arguments have been based. In conducting the study, the most salient dimension of the various discussions was found to relate to epistemological questions. In this regard, there was a notable confrontation between those scholars who accept miracles and those who are sceptical of them. On the conceptual-ontological side I recognised several different ways of expressing the concept of miracle . I systematised the discussion by demonstrating the philosophical boundaries between these various opinions. The first and main boundary was related to ontological knowledge. On one side of this boundary I placed the views which were based on realism and objectivism. The proponents of this view assumed that miraculousness is a real property of a miraculous event regardless of how we can perceive it. On the other side I put the views which tried to define miraculousness in terms of subjectivity, contextuality and epistemicity. Another essential boundary which shed light on the conceptual-ontological discussion was drawn in relation to two main views of nature. The realistic-particularistic view regards nature as a certain part of reality. The adherents of this presupposition postulate a supernatural sphere alongside nature. Alternatively, the nominalist-universalist view understands nature without this kind of division. Nature is understood as the entire and infinite universe; the whole of reality. Other, less important boundaries which shed light on the conceptual-ontological discussion were noted in relation to views regarding the laws of nature, for example. I recognised that the most important differences between the epistemological approaches were in the different views of justification, rationality, truth and science. The epistemological discussion was divided into two sides, distinguished by their differing assumptions in relation to the need for evidence. Adherents of the first (and noticeably smaller) group did not see any epistemological need to reach a universal and common opinion about miracles. I discovered that these kinds of views, which I called non-objectivist, had subjectivist and so-called collectivist views of justification and a contextualist view of rationality. The second (and larger) group was mainly interested in discerning the grounds upon which to establish an objective and conclusive common view in relation to the epistemology of miracles. I called this kind of discussion an objectivist discussion and this kind of approach an evidentialist approach. Most of the evidentialists tried to defend miracles and the others attempted to offer evidence against miracles. Amongst both sides, there were many different variations according to emphasis and assumption over how they saw the possibilities to prove their own view. The common characteristic in all forms of evidentialism was a commitment to an objectivist notion of rationality and a universalistic notion of justification. Most evidentialists put their confidence in science in one way or another. Only a couple of philosophers represented the most moderate version of evidentialism; they tried to remove themselves from the apparent controversy and contextualised the different opinions in order to make some critical comments on them. I called this kind of approach a contextualising form of evidentialism. In the final part of the epistemological chapter, I examined the discussion about the evidential value of miracles, but nothing substantially new was discovered concerning the epistemological views of the authors.
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Resumen: Un tipo de literatura latina no narrativa, asimilable más bien al discurso doctrinal teológico y mariológico y, por otro lado, a la himnodia litúrgica, deja entrever su influencia en las colecciones ibéricas de milagros marianos en verso del siglo XIII, las Cantigas de Santa María de Alfonso X y los Milagros de Nuestra Señora de Gonzalo de Berceo. Las muy escasas menciones a fuentes en las Cantigas de Santa María no invalidan la evidencia de múltiples “citas” reconocibles. Así, por ejemplo, es posible encontrar himnos y antífonas explícitamente citados (Te Deum laudamus, Salve Regina, Ave Maris Stella, además de glosas al Ave María) y, más allá de estos, se perciben otros modos de inserción de la lírica himnódica en la narración de los milagros. Se propone, entonces, iluminar estos loci donde parece haber un texto aludido o “escondido”, para considerar sus diversos modos de traducción, adopción y reelaboración.
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Resumen: El propósito de este trabajo es demostrar que el sentido esencial de la Introducción de los Milagros de Nuestra Señora de Gonzalo de Berceo consiste en la brevísima exposición poética de una especial teología mística diferente tanto de la mística especulativa cristiana medieval occidental de origen platónico o neoplatónico como de la mística amorosa cristiana occidental que tiene origen en el Cantar de los Cantares y en sus comentarios antiguos y medievales, y que esta teología mística de Gonzalo de Berceo se basa en la función mediadora de la Virgen María y en su carácter de Madre de Dios.
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Resumen: ¿Cómo se describe y, por lo tanto, cómo se percibe el paisaje natural en ámbitos en permanente tensión y confrontación? ¿Cómo hacer referencia a una realidad geográfica conocida y temida a la vez? Para responder a estas cuestiones recurriré a Los Milagros de Guadalupe conservados en el Archivo del Real Monasterio de Guadalupe (Cáceres, España), milagros que me permitirán profundizar una línea de análisis escasamente desarrollada, como es la del lugar dedicado a los conocimientos geográficos. Estos conocimientos resultan ser muy valiosos, dado que otorgan veracidad al relato guadalupano a la vez que ofrecen caracterizaciones que, además de edificantes desde una perspectiva moral y religiosa, resultan útiles desde un punta de vista práctico al indicar distancias, profundidades de ríos y arroyos, animales a los que temer, etc.
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559 p. - Sobresaliente cum laudem por unanimidad. La presidenta del tribunal hace la petición al departamento, en el acto de calificación de la defensa, de publicación de esta tesis por considerarla de interés científico.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o fenômeno da adesão nas igrejas neopentecostais a partir da psicologia social, mais especificamente, da teoria das representações sociais. Desta maneira, nós procuramos identificar os elementos constitutivos das práticas religiosas decorrentes de um determinado grupo religioso neopentecostal correlacionando-os àss representações sociais. Destarte, este trabalho identificou e analisou o processo de utilização do senso comum religioso pela comunidade neopentecostal Igreja Mundial do Poder de Deus, como instrumento gerador de adesão, considerando-se os fatores emocionais pertinentes ao senso comum do grupo como força motivadora de adesão à igreja referida. Deste modo, chegamos a quatro temas básicos que nos possibilitaram identificar as representações sociais construídas na interatividade da igreja. Os temas foram: oferta de milagres e feitos extraordinários; a singularidade da Igreja Mundial do Poder de Deus; a batalha entre o bem e o mal; o líder espiritual e sua relação com os adeptos de sua comunidade. As representações sociais identificadas foram: representação social da igreja como lugar de bênçãos e feitos extraordinários; representação social dos demônios; representação social do divino; representação social do ungido de Deus. Tendo em vista as representações identificadas e analisadas, o que se conclui é que, na igreja pesquisada, o senso comum - enquanto significações circulantes entre os membros desta igreja - aliado a fatores emocionais que lhe são pertinentes, se constitui como fator causativo de adesão, na medida em que os sujeitos percebem que as soluções para suas demandas e males são ofertadas, pela igreja, de maneira identificada com os significados já presentes neste senso comum.
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This thesis examines the late seventh-century Latin Life of Columba (Vita Columbae) in a context sympathetic to the spiritual aims and formative intellectual background of its author, Adomnán of Iona. It argues that the Vita Columbae is a sophisticated work, shaped by Adomnán’s spiritual and theological concerns. This sophistication is revealed by a forensic examination of Adomnán’s representation of Columba’s sanctity through a series of miracles, in particular, miracle stories depicting divine manifestations of fire and light. This thesis considers the form and function of these miracle stories in the context of biblical, patristic and medieval interpretations of their archetypes, towards revealing the underlying influence of scriptural, hagiographical and monastic models of sanctity. Chapter one evaluates the function of the Vita Columbae, and outlines the core themes of sanctity which pervade the work, by considering the technical terminology and literary devices found in the opening prefaces in the context of the wider monastic tradition. Chapter two examines Adomnán’s use of biblical models of sanctity to establish Columba’s sanctity, and their relationship between these models and certain miraculous episodes in the Vita Columbae. Chapter three investigates Adomnán’s description of the Holy Spirit as an illuminating fire, and its significance for his portrayal of the saint, by means of a forensic examination of biblical, exegetical and hagiographical treatments of the image. Chapter four examines the missiological, soteriological and providential elements contributing to Adomnán’s portrayal of Columba’s sanctity, as conveyed through the presence of biblical models, particularly the image of the column of fire. Chapter five establishes the influence of monastic examinations of the contemplative life on Adomnán’s portrayal of Columba’s sanctity, and shows how that sanctity is confirmed in terms of his ability to contemplate divine light.
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The well-known Majorcan journalist and town councillor in Palma Gabriel Fuster Mayans, alias Gafim, fought in the ranks of the national side during the Spanish Civil War when he was only 23. Using unpublished letters to his bride, the author has been able to retrace his role during the landing of the ship under the command of captain Bayo in August 1936, an exceptional witness from a man who became one of the most distinguished public figures in the Balearic capital.
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Le manuscrit de Paris, BNF, fr. 818, connu des francoprovençalistes pour sa collection de légendes hagiographiques en scripta lyonnaise, renferme également l'une des plus amples collections de miracles de Notre-Dame en langue vernaculaire du XIIIe siècle. À la différence des Légendes en prose, ce « Mariale » en vers (probablement dû au même auteur anonyme) a été rédigé dans une scripta 'francoprovençalisante', soit dans une langue qui se veut française, mais qui laisse transparaître un bon nombre de traits de l'idiome natal de l'auteur. Longtemps demeuré dans l'ombre des Légendes, le Mariale lyonnais restait jusqu'ici partiellement inédit, et sa langue n'avait jamais fait l'objet d'une étude exhaustive. Le présent ouvrage comble cette double lacune en proposant d'une part l'édition, la traduction et le glossaire des miracles qui restaient à faire connaître, d'autre part une étude linguistique portant sur l'ensemble du corpus et mettant en lumière la richesse des matériaux francoprovençaux offerts par ce recueil.
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Contient : I Vie et miracles de s. Robert ; II Commentaire sur Priscien attribué à maitre de Cuiliverby
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F. 1 Calendrier de Marseille, avec additions à l'usage d'Arles et notes nécrologiques ou historiques (fin XIIIe-XIVe s.). F. 7 Hymnaire. F. 16 Capitules. F. 25 Oraisons. F. 38v « Ordines » et bénédictions. F. 56 Psautier. F. 112-259 Temporal : — De sancta Trinitate (255v). F. 259v-359v Sanctoral : — « Sermo in fest. s. Lazari, Massiliensis ep. » (263v) ; — Miracles de s. Lazare (264v) ; — s. Trophime, cf. Gazay, dans Ann. du Midi, 1913, 14, n. 1 (270v) ; — Passion des ss. Victor, Félicien, etc. (311v) ; — Vie de s. Augustin (330) ; — ss. Cannat, Antoine (345) ; — s. Mauronte (347). F. 359v Petit office de la Vierge (incompl. de la fin). F. 361 Commun des saints. F. 365-366v Leçons de l'office de sainte Foy. F. 367-368v Additions : liste de 33 mss. de la Bible et des Pères, prières diverses (XIIIe s.), et notes avec la date de 1400.
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Contient : Vie et miracles de S. Denys, avec un récit des origines de l'abbaye, en prose française ; Vie de S. Eustache (Conversion de Placidas), traduite du latin en vers français par « PIERRES » ; HELINAND, Vers « de la mort » ; On a ajouté, en écriture du XVe siècle, une hymne en l'honneur de S. Loup, de Troyes : « Lupe, comes Trecorum, presul, bone rector... »
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Contient : « Lai Nacion nostre seignor Jhesu Crist » ; « L'Aparicion, l'offrende des III. Rois » ; « La Purificacion » ; « Le parlement de traïr Nostre Seigneur devant Pylate » ; « La conversion S. Pol » ; « La chaiere seint Pere » ; « Li estriz de seint Pere et de seint Pol, encontre Simon mague devant l'empereur Noiron » ; « Le crucefiement seint Pere l'apostre et sa passion » ; « La passion S. Pol » ; « De seint Jehan l'evengelistre, comme il fu bouliz en l'uile » ; « La vie monseigneur seint Jehan l'evengelistre » ; « Conment messires seinz Jacques parla aus Juis, qant il fu revenuz de la terre de Galice en Jerusalem. » (Vie et miracles de S. Jacques) ; « La vie et li martires monseignor seint Mathi l'apostre » ; « La passion mouseignor seint Symon et monseigneur seint Jude » ; « La vie seint Bernabé l'apostre » ; « La vie monseigneur Thomas l'apostre » ; « La vie et li martires monseignor seint Berthelemiu l'apostre » ; « La vie monseignor seint March l'evangelistre » ; « La vie et li martires monseignor seint Andriu » ; « La vie monseignor seint Luc l'evengelistre » ; « La vie S. Jaque le petit » ; « Ici se definent les glorieuses vies aus beneoiz apostres nostre seigneur Jhesucrist. Et après commenceront les vies au beneoiz martirs nostre seigneur Jhesucrist » ; « La vie seint Estienne le martir » ; « La vie seint Vincent le martyr » ; « La vie et li martires monseigneur seint Jorge » ; « La vie monseigneur seint Cristoffle » ; « La vie seint Nicholas » ; « La vie monseignor seint Martin » ; « La vie seint Denis de France » ; « La vie monseigneur seint Cosme et S. Domien » ; « La vie seint Arsanne le bon abé » ; « La vie seint Syxte » ; « La vie et li martires S. Lorenz » ; « La vie monseignor seint Ypolite le martir » ; « La vie S. Lambert » ; « La vie mouseignor S. Julien » ; « La vie seint Brandam » ; « La vie S. Thomas de Cantorbiere » ; « La vie et le martire messires seinz Servestres » ; « La vie seint Jehan Baptiste » ; « La venjance de nostre seingneur Jhesu Crist » ; « La vie S. Aymon, qui fu roi, et de son martire » ; « La vie seint Thiebaut » ; « La vie S. Patrices » ; « De Balaam et Josaphat. En cel tems que les eglises et li mostier... » ; « La vie et li martires au glorieus monseigneur S. Longis » ; « La vie et li martires monseignor seint Sebastien » ; « La vie et li martires monseignor seint Hernoul, et de sainte Escalibierge sa fame, amie Deu » ; « Ci commencent les virges... L'Asumpcion nostre dame sainte Marie » ; « La vie et la passion seinte Agnés » ; « La vie et li martires de sainte Felice et de ses VII. fiulz » ; « La vie et le martire la beneurée virge S. Cretine » ; « De la veraie Croiz, conment ele fu trouvée » ; « La vie sainte Perrenele » ; « La vie madame sainte Fenicula » ; « La vie S. Cecile la virge » ; « La vie a la beneoite Magdeleine » ; « La vie Marie l'Egiptienne » ; « La vie et le martire sainte Katerine » ; « De la chandele d'Arraz » ; « La vie et li martyres madame sainte Agace la beneoite virge » ; « La vie sainte Anastaise » ; « La vie et la passion des XI. mile virges de Coulongne » ; « Il sont VIII. beneurtez. La premiere est povreié d'espire... » — Ibid. « Li premiers commencemenz de bien si est avoir poor de Dieu... »