基于槽道流LES数据库的湍流猝发检测

采用大涡模拟方法,在与两种Reynolds数情形的DNS结果进行充分验证的基础上,获得了不同Reynolds数情形槽道湍流的可靠LES数据库,由此可进一步得到任意Reynolds数时速度剖面、湍流强度、剪应力等统计量的时空分布以及猝发结构的时空特征.基于这些可靠的LES数据库,利用条件采样方法检测猝发事件的时空尺度,并提出由喷发事件时间间隔概率分布曲线确定组合参数对传统的条件采样方法进行改进,以避免检测结果的误差.检测结果表明,引入组合参数后,湍流猝发周期对门限的依赖性得到显著改善.同时,对猝发事件的空间分布进行检测,得到了平均猝发面积比.通过比较不同Reynolds数的结果发现,Reynolds数对平均猝发周期和平均猝发面积比的影响不大.

Les crimes des empereurs d'Allemagne, depuis Lothaire I jusqu'à Leopold II, avec cinq gravures

Louis Marie Prudhomm nasceu em Lyon em 1752 e morreu em Paris em 1830. Entre os anos de 1787 e 1789, morando em Paris, publicou um número incalculável de panfletos revolucionários, entre os quais destaca-se ‘Résume des cahiers de doléances des bailliages pour les deputés des trois ordres aux etats géneraux’, em 1789. Pouco antes da queda da Bastilha, publicou ‘Las Revoluciones de Paris’. Em 1799, tornou-se impressor e livreiro. Entre suas inúmeras obras se encontram ‘Les crimes des reines de France’; ‘Les crimes des rois de France’; ‘Les crimes des Papes’; ‘Les crimes des empereurs d'Allemagne’, todas publicadas em 1793; ‘Histoire impartiale des révolutions de France depuis la mort de Louis XV’, publicada entre 1824 e 1825; e ‘Repertoire universel, historique, biographique des femmes célebres’, publicada entre 1826 e 1827. De acordo com a ‘Enciclopédia Universal Ilustrada’, há dúvidas quanto à autoria da obra ‘Les crimes des empereurs d'Allemagne’ aventando-se a possibilidade de o literato e político francês, Louis de La Vicomtérie de Saint-Samson ser seu autor

Voisinage et hábitat dans les communautés des Pyrénées Occidentales entre le XV et le XVIIIe siècles : de la croissance au blocage

Publicado dentro de la colección «Méridiennes» (ISSN: 1950-0130)

Histoire philosophique et politique : des établissemens et du commerce des européens dans les deux Indes

Guillaume Raynal, historiador e filósofo francês, nasceu em Saint-Geniez-en Rouergue em 11 de abril de 1713 e morreu em Choillot, em 6 de março de 1796. Estudou no Colégio dos Jesuítas de Pézenas, distinguindo-se como pregador e professor. Abandonou o hábito jesuita para se dedicar à filosofia e à história, publicando numerosos artigos no Mercure de France. Tendo sido alvo de um mandado de prisão, refugiou-se na Prússia e mais tarde na Rússia; retornou à França em 1787. ‘Histoire philosofique et politique’ foi publicada simultaneamente pelo mesmo editor em duas impressões, contendo cinco volumes a primeira e dez volumes a segunda. Foi uma das obras que mais ínfluenciou o movimento da Revolução Francesa, tendo o autor utilizado opiniões e, eventualmente, a colaboração de Diderot e Holbach, entre outros contemporâneos. Proibido na França e ai queimado em 1781, este importante trabalho de Raynal teve mais de trinta edições num periodo de vinte anos e foi traduzido para quase todos os idiomas europeus. Segundo Borba de Moraes, ‘esta edição de Genebra é a melhor e mais bela’. Na impressão de dez volumes existentes na Biblioteca da Câmara, a seção referente ao Brasil encontra-se no volume 5.

Histoire memorable de la ville de sancerre : contenant les entreprises, siege, approches, bateries, assaux & autres efforts des assiegeans : les resistances faits magnanimes, la famine extreme & delivrance notable des assiegez

Obra classificada por Brunet como "peça rara" e por Pierre Athanase Larouse, no Grand Dictionnaire Universel, como um "diário muito precioso".

Voyage dans les provinces de Saint-Paul et de Sainte-Catherine

As Voyages... são estudos completos, abrangendo todos os aspectos das regiões percorridas; servem de subsídio ao estudo das condições de vida no Brasil no século passado. "Fonte primordial de informações sobre os prédios coloniais do Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Santa Catarina e Goiás. Poucas obras no gênero atingem o valor de Saint-Hilarire. São clássicas e indispensáveis para o estudo do sul do Brasil, antes da Independência" segundo Borba de Moraes

Reflexions critiques sur les histoires des anciens peuples, chaldeens, hebreux, pheniciens, egyptiens, grecs, & c. jusq'au tems de cyrus, en trois livres

Examina fragmentos da história fenícia, a mitologia e a origem dos deuses egípcios, gregos e fenícios. Explica as dificuldades cronológicas do Antigo Testamento, da história do Egito, da Babilônia, da Assíria, da Grécia e da China. No final traz uma cronologia do império chinês, com os nomes do imperadores em letras latinas e caracteres chineses.

Assessment of bursting detection methods with LES database of turbulent channel flows

Validated by comparison with DNS, numerical database of turbulent channel flows is yielded by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Three conventional techniques: uv quadrant 2, VITA and mu-level techniques for detecting turbulent bursts are applied to the identification of turbulent bursts. With a grouping parameter introduced by Bogard & Tiedemann (1986) or Luchik & Tiederman (1987), multiple ejections detected by these techniques which originate from a single burst can be grouped into a single-burst event. The results are compared with experimental results, showing that all techniques yield reasonable average burst period. However, uv quadrant 2 and mu-level are found to be superior to VITA in having large threshold-independent range.

An Integrated Assessment of the Introduction of Lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles complex) to the Western Atlantic Ocean.

Lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles complex) are venomous coral reef fishes from the Indian and western Pacific oceans that are now found in the western Atlantic Ocean. Adult lionfish have been observed from Miami, Florida to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, and juvenile lionfish have been observed off North Carolina, New York, and Bermuda. The large number of adults observed and the occurrence of juveniles indicate that lionfish are established and reproducing along the southeast United States coast. Introductions of marine species occur in many ways. Ballast water discharge, a very common method of introduction for marine invertebrates, is responsible for many freshwater fish introductions. In contrast, most marine fish introductions result from intentional stocking for fishery purposes. Lionfish, however, likely were introduced via unintentional or intentional aquarium releases, and the introduction of lionfish into United States waters should lead to an assessment of the threat posed by the aquarium trade as a vector for fish introductions. Currently, no management actions are being taken to limit the effect of lionfish on the southeast United States continental shelf ecosystem. Further, only limited funds have been made available for research. Nevertheless, the extent of the introduction has been documented and a forecast of the maximum potential spread of lionfish is being developed. Under a scenario of no management actions and limited research, three predictions are made: ● With no action, the lionfish population will continue to grow along the southeast United States shelf. ● Effects on the marine ecosystem of the southeast United States will become more noticeable as the lionfish population grows. ● There will be incidents of lionfish envenomations of divers and/or fishers along the east coast of the United States. Removing lionfish from the southeast United States continental shelf ecosystem would be expensive and likely impossible. A bounty could be established that would encourage the removal of fish and provide specimens for research. However, the bounty would need to be lower than the price of fish in the aquarium trade (~$25-$50 each) to ensure that captured specimens were from the wild. Such a low bounty may not provide enough incentive for capturing lionfish in the wild. Further, such action would only increase the interaction between the public and lionfish, increasing the risk of lionfish envenomations. As the introduction of lionfish is very likely irreversible, future actions should focus on five areas. 1) The population of lionfish should be tracked. 2) Research should be conducted so that scientists can make better predictions regarding the status of the invasion and the effects on native species, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services. 3) Outreach and education efforts must be increased, both specifically toward lionfish and more generally toward the aquarium trade as a method of fish introductions. 4) Additional regulation should be considered to reduce the frequency of marine fish introduction into U.S. waters. However, the issue is more complicated than simply limiting the import of non-native species, and these complexities need to be considered simultaneously. 5) Health care providers along the east coast of the United States need to be notified that a venomous fish is now resident along the southeast United States. The introduction and spread of lionfish illustrates the difficulty inherent in managing introduced species in marine systems. Introduced species often spread via natural mechanisms after the initial introduction. Efforts to control the introduction of marine fish will fail if managers do not consider the natural dispersal of a species following an introduction. Thus, management strategies limiting marine fish introductions need to be applied over the scale of natural ecological dispersal to be effective, pointing to the need for a regional management approach defined by natural processes not by political boundaries. The introduction and success of lionfish along the east coast should change the long-held perception that marine fish invasions are a minimal threat to marine ecosystems. Research is needed to determine the effects of specific invasive fish species in specific ecosystems. More broadly, a cohesive plan is needed to manage, mitigate and minimize the effects of marine invasive fish species on ecosystems that are already compromised by other human activities. Presently, the magnitude of marine fish introductions as a stressor on marine ecosystems cannot be quantified, but can no longer be dismissed as negligible. (PDF contains 31 pages)

DNS and LES of turbulent channel flow with hydrophobic surface

Hydrophobic surface benefits for drag reduction. Min and Kim[1] do the first Direct Numerical Simulation on drag reduction in turbulent channel flow. And Fukagata and Kasagi[2] make some theoretical analysis based on Dean[3]'s formula and some observations in the DNS results. Using their theory, they conclude that drag reduction is possible in large Reynolds number. Both Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) are performed in our research. How the LES behaving in the turbulent channel flow with hydrophobic surface is examined. Original Smagorinsky model and its Dynamical model are used in LES. The slip velocities predicted by LES using Dynamical model are in good agreement with DNS as shown in the Figure. Although the percentage of drag reduction predicted by LES shows some discrepancies, it is in the error limit for industrial flow. First order and second order moments of LES are also examined and compared with DNS's results. The first-order moments is calculated well by LES. But there are some discrepancies of second-order moments between LES and DNS. [GRAPHICS]

Propositions cathegoriques, et derniere resolution, de Monsieur de Sousa de Macedo, Ambassadeur de Portugal, touchant les differens du Bresil

12 p.

Voyage dans les provinces de Rio de Janeiro et de Minas Geraes

As Voyages... são estudos completos, abrangendo todos os aspectos das regiões percorridas; servem de subsídio ao estudo das condições de vida no Brasil no século passado. "Fonte primordial de informações sobre os prédios coloniais do Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Santa Catarina e Goiás. Poucas obras no gênero atingem o valor de Saint-Hilarire. São clássicas e indispensáveis para o estudo do sul do Brasil, antes da Independência" segundo Borba de Moraes

Les Portugais d'Amérique : souvenirs historiques de la guerre du Brésil en 1635 : contenant un tableau intéressant des moeurs et usages des tribus sauvages, des détails instructifs sur la situation des colons dans cette partie du nouveau-monde : ouvrage destiné a la jeunesse

Illustré de 12 dessins impremés en 2 couleurs