3.4 MU registrar informed Lloyd Gaines that he was not eligible to attend the University of Missouri due to the fact that Gaines was a Negro

After several weeks, Gaines finally received a reply to his application from Sy Woodson Canada, the MU registrar. Canada informed him that he was not eligible to attend the University of Missouri due to the fact that Gaines was a Negro and it was in conflict of Missouri state law for MU to admit him.

Application of remote sensing and GIS in mineral resource mapping - An overview

Remote sensing, as a direct adjunct to field, lithologic and structural mapping, and more recently, GIS have played an important role in the study of mineralized areas. A review on the application of remote sensing in mineral resource mapping is attempted here. It involves understanding the application of remote sensing in lithologic, structural and alteration mapping. Remote sensing becomes an important tool for locating mineral deposits, in its own right, when the primary and secondary processes of mineralization result in the formation of spectral anomalies. Reconnaissance lithologic mapping is usually the first step of mineral resource mapping. This is complimented with structural mapping, as mineral deposits usually occur along or adjacent to geologic structures, and alteration mapping, as mineral deposits are commonly associated with hydrothermal alteration of the surrounding rocks. In addition to these, understanding the use of hyperspectral remote sensing is crucial as hyperspectral data can help identify and thematically map regions of exploration interest by using the distinct absorption features of most minerals. Finally coming to the exploration stage, GIS forms the perfect tool in integrating and analyzing various georeferenced geoscience data in selecting the best sites of mineral deposits or rather good candidates for further exploration.

Application of a novel phytotoxicity assay for the detection of herbicides in Hervey Bay and the Great Sandy Straits

A novel phytotoxicity assay was incorporated into an environmental assessment of Hervey Bay and the Great Sandy Straits, to investigate the role of run-off associated herbicides in the deteriorated health of intertidal seagrass meadows. Dose response curves of common herbicides were performed and their toxicity equivalents elucidated to assist in analysis. The results of the assay were reproducible and corresponded strongly with results of chemical analyses. The incorporation of the assay into the assessment of surface waters added an important aspect to the study by allowing investigation of the toxicity of cumulative herbicide concentrations and yielding biologically relevant data. The highest herbicide concentration detected during the study was equivalent to 0.23 mu g 1(-1) diuron; a concentration known to inhibit photosynthetic efficiency of the assay biomaterial by approximately 3%. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

New design of electrostatic mirror actuators for application in high-precision interferometry

We describe a new geometry for electrostatic actuators to be used in sensitive laser interferometers, suited for prototype and table top experiments related to gravitational wave detection with mirrors of 100 g or less. The arrangement consists of two plates at the sides of the mirror (test mass), and therefore does not reduce its clear aperture as a conventional electrostatic drive (ESD) would do. Using the sample case of the AEI-10 m prototype interferometer, we investigate the actuation range and the influence of the relative misalignment of the ESD plates with respect to the test mass. We find that in the case of the AEI-10 m prototype interferometer, this new kind of ESD could provide a range of 0.28 mu m when operated at a voltage of 1 kV. In addition, the geometry presented is shown to provide a reduction factor of about 100 in the magnitude of the actuator motion coupling to the test mass displacement. We show that therefore in the specific case of the AEI-10 m interferometer, it is possible to mount the ESD actuators directly on the optical table without spoiling the seismic isolation performance of the triple stage suspension of the main test masses.

An electroanalytical application of 2-aminothiazole-modified silica gel after adsorption and separation of Hg(II) from heavy metals in aqueous solution

2-Aminothiazole covalently attached to a silica gel surface was prepared in order to obtain an adsorbent for Hg(II) ions having the following characteristics: good sorption capacity, chemical stability under conditions of use, and, especially, high selectivity. The accumulation voltammetry of mercury(II) was investigated at a carbon paste electrode chemically modified with silica gel functionalized with 2-aminothiazole (SIAMT-CPE). The repetitive cyclic voltammogram of mercury(II) solution in the potential range -0.2 to + 0.6 V versus Ag/AgCl (0.02 mol L-1 KNO3; V = 20 mV s(-1)) show two peaks one at about 0.1 V and other at 0.205 V. The anodic wave peak at 0.205 V is well defined and does not change during the cycles and it was therefore further investigated for analytical purposes using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry in differents supporting electrolytes. The mercury response was evaluated with respect to pH, electrode composition, preconcentration time, mercury concentration, cleaning solution, possible interferences and other variables. The precision for six determinations (n = 6) of 0.02 and 0.20 mg L-1 Hg(II) was 4.1 and 3.5% (relative standard deviation), respectively. The detection limit was estimated as 0.10 mu g L-1 mercury(II) by means of 3:1 current-to-noise ratio in connection with the optimization of the various parameters involved and using the highest-possible analyser sensitivity. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Análisis de la variación de la resistencia al deslizamiento en carreteras realizando el ensayo con equipo de medición continua “Mu-Meter” a diferentes velocidades y tasas de humedecimiento

47 p.

El profeta Muḥammad confundido con un emperador romano. La errónea interpretación de una iluminación medieval

Un grabado frecuentemente usado para ilustrar la expulsión del pueblo judío decretada por los emperadores Adriano o Heraclio representa en realidad la predicación del profeta Muḥammad ante una asamblea de árabes y judíos. Este artículo identifica el manuscrito a partir del que se elaboró el grabado, propone la interpretación correcta de la imagen y explica el origen de la confusión.

Studio di fattibilità della ricostruzione del decadimento $D^0\to K^-\mu^+\nu_{\mu}$ ad LHCb

Il Modello Standard delle particelle elementari prevede l’universalità del sapore leptonico, cioè l’uguaglianza della probabilità di accoppiamento dei bosoni di gauge carichi dell’interazione debole con tutti i leptoni. Recentemente, le Collaborazioni LHCb, BaBar e Belle, misurando il rapporto tra i branching ratio dei decadimenti $B^0\to D^{∗− }\tau^+\nu_{\tau} e $B^0 →D^{∗−}\mu^+\nu_{\mu}, hanno osservato una deviazione dai valori previsti dal Modello Standard di 3.9 deviazioni standard. Questo interessante risultato, se confermato, indicherebbe l’esistenza di nuove particelle, come per esempio il bosone di Higgs carico. Analogamente ai decadimenti del mesone $B^0$ , è possibile cercare effetti analoghi anche nel rapporto di branching ratio dei decadimenti $D^0\to K^ −\mu^+\nu_{\mu}$ e $D^0\to K^−e^+\nu_e$ . In questo lavoro di tesi è stato realizzato uno studio preliminare di questa misura. In particolare, è stato studiata, tramite simulazioni Monte Carlo, la ricostruzione del processo $D^{*\pm}\to D^0 (\to K^− \mu+\nu_{\mu})\pi_s^{\pm}$ nell’esperimento LHCb. Questo canale ha la particolarità di avere una particella invisibile, il neutrino, al rivelatore LHCb. Tuttavia, mediante vincoli cinematici e topologici, è possibile ricavare le componenti dell’impulso del neutrino, con risoluzioni non paragonabili a quelle di una particella visibile, ma comunque accettabili. In questa tesi sono riportati i calcoli che permettono di ottenere queste informazioni ed è stata studiata la risoluzione sulla massa invariante del $D^{∗\pm}$ . La tesi è organizzata nel seguente modo: il primo capitolo riporta le motivazioni della misura dei rapporti dei branching ratio e l’attuale stato sperimentale; il secondo capitolo contiene una breve descrizione del rivelatore LHCb; il terzo capitolo, infine, descrive lo studio di fattibilità della ricostruzione del decadimento $D^0\to K^-\mu^+\nu_{\mu}.

Measurement of CP violation with $B^0_{(s)} \to h^+ h^{\prime-}$ decays, $|V_{cb}|$ with $B^0_{s}\to D^{(*)-}_s \mu^+ \nu_\mu$ decays, and simulation and characterisation of the LHCb Upgrade II ECAL

The time-dependent CP asymmetries of the $B^0\to\pi^+\pi^-$ and $B^0_s\toK^+K^-$ decays and the time-integrated CP asymmetries of the $B^0\toK^+\pi^-$ and $B^0_s\to\pi^+K^-$ decays are measured, using the $p-p$ collision data collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to the full Run2. The results are compatible with previous determinations of these quantities from LHCb, except for the CP-violation parameters of the $B^0_s\to K^+K^-$ decays, that show a discrepancy exceeding 3 standard deviations between different data-taking periods. The investigations being conducted to understand the discrepancy are documented. The measurement of the CKM matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ using $B^0_{s}\to D^{(*)-}_s\mu^+ \nu_\mu$ is also reported, using the $p-p$ collision data collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to the full Run1. The measurement leads to $|V_{cb}| = (41.4\pm0.6\pm0.9\pm1.2)\times 10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to external inputs. This measurement is compatible with the world averages and constitutes the first measurement of $|V_{cb}|$ at a hadron collider and the absolute first one with decays of the $B^0_s$ meson. The analysis also provides the very first measurements of the branching ratio and form factors parameters of the signal decay modes. The study of the characteristics ruling the response of an electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) to profitably operate in the high luminosity regime foreseen for the Upgrade2 of LHCb is reported in the final part of this Thesis. A fast and flexible simulation framework is developed to this purpose. Physics performance of different configurations of the ECAL are evaluated using samples of fully simulated $B^0\to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ and $B^0\to K^{*0}e^+e^-$ decays. The results are used to guide the development of the future ECAL and are reported in the Framework Technical Design Report of the LHCb Upgrade2 detector.

Propylthiouracil Quantification In Human Plasma By High-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application In A Bioequivalence Study.

A rapid, sensitive and specific method for quantifying propylthiouracil in human plasma using methylthiouracil as the internal standard (IS) is described. The analyte and the IS were extracted from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction using an organic solvent (ethyl acetate). The extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in negative mode (ES-). Chromatography was performed using a Phenomenex Gemini C18 5μm analytical column (4.6mm×150mm i.d.) and a mobile phase consisting of methanol/water/acetonitrile (40/40/20, v/v/v)+0.1% of formic acid. For propylthiouracil and I.S., the optimized parameters of the declustering potential, collision energy and collision exit potential were -60 (V), -26 (eV) and -5 (V), respectively. The method had a chromatographic run time of 2.5min and a linear calibration curve over the range 20-5000ng/mL. The limit of quantification was 20ng/mL. The stability tests indicated no significant degradation. This HPLC-MS/MS procedure was used to assess the bioequivalence of two propylthiouracil 100mg tablet formulations in healthy volunteers of both sexes in fasted and fed state. The geometric mean and 90% confidence interval CI of Test/Reference percent ratios were, without and with food, respectively: 109.28% (103.63-115.25%) and 115.60% (109.03-122.58%) for Cmax, 103.31% (100.74-105.96%) and 103.40% (101.03-105.84) for AUClast. This method offers advantages over those previously reported, in terms of both a simple liquid-liquid extraction without clean-up procedures, as well as a faster run time (2.5min). The LOQ of 20ng/mL is well suited for pharmacokinetic studies. The assay performance results indicate that the method is precise and accurate enough for the routine determination of the propylthiouracil in human plasma. The test formulation with and without food was bioequivalent to reference formulation. Food administration increased the Tmax and decreased the bioavailability (Cmax and AUC).

Effect Of Aloe Vera Application On The Content And Molecular Arrangement Of Glycosaminoglycans During Calcaneal Tendon Healing.

Although several treatments for tendon lesions have been proposed, successful tendon repair remains a great challenge for orthopedics, especially considering the high incidence of re-rupture of injured tendons. Our aim was to evaluate the pharmacological potential of Aloe vera on the content and arrangement of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) during tendon healing, which was based on the effectiveness of A. vera on collagen organization previously observed by our group. In rats, a partial calcaneal tendon transection was performed with subsequent topical A. vera application at the injury site. The tendons were treated with A. vera ointment for 7 days and excised on the 7(th) , 14(th) , or 21(st) day post-surgery. Control rats received ointment without A. vera. A higher content of GAGs and a lower amount of dermatan sulfate were detected in the A. vera-treated group on the 14(th) day compared with the control. Also at 14 days post-surgery, a lower dichroic ratio in toluidine blue stained sections was observed in A. vera-treated tendons compared with the control. No differences were observed in the chondroitin-6-sulfate and TGF-β1 levels between the groups, and higher amount of non-collagenous proteins was detected in the A. vera-treated group on the 21(st) day, compared with the control group. No differences were observed in the number of fibroblasts, inflammatory cells and blood vessels between the groups. The application of A. vera during tendon healing modified the arrangement of GAGs and increased the content of GAGs and non-collagenous proteins.

Chemo-, Regio- And Stereoselective Heck Arylation Of Allylated Malonates: Mechanistic Insights By Esi-ms And Synthetic Application Toward 5-arylmethyl-γ-lactones.

We describe herein a general method for the controlled Heck arylation of allylated malonates. Both electron-rich and electron-poor aryldiazonium salts were readily employed as the aryl-transfer agents in good yields and in high chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity without formation of decarboxylated byproducts. Reaction monitoring via ESI-MS was used to support the formation of chelated Pd species through the catalytic cycle. Additionally, some Heck adducts were successfully used in the total synthesis of pharmacologically active γ-lactones.

Recolonization Of Mutans Streptococci After Application Of Chlorhexidine Gel.

Streptococcus mutans is specifically suppressed by intensive treatment with chlorhexidine gel, but the time for recolonization and the effect on other oral bacteria are not totally clear. In this study, recolonization of mutans streptococci was evaluated in nine healthy adult volunteers, who were highly colonized with this microorganism. Stimulated saliva was collected before (baseline) and at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application of 1% chlorhexidine gel on volunteers' teeth for two consecutive days. On each day, the gel was applied using disposable trays for 3 x 5 min with intervals of 5 min between each application. Saliva was plated on blood agar to determine total microorganisms (TM); on mitis salivarius agar to determine total streptococci (TS) and on mitis salivarius agar plus bacitracin to determine mutans streptococci (MS). Chlorhexidine was capable of reducing the counts of MS and the proportion of MS with regard to total microorganisms (%MS/TM) (p<0.05), but these values did not differ statistically from baseline (p>0.05) after 14 days for MS and 21 days for %MS/TM. The counts of TM and TS and the proportion of MS to total streptococci did not differ statistically from baseline (p>0.05) after chlorhexidine treatment. The results suggest that the effect of chlorhexidine gel treatment on suppression of mutans streptococci is limited to less than a month in highly colonized individuals.

Application Of A Semi-empirical Model For The Evaluation Of Transmission Properties Of Barite Mortar.

The aim of this study was to estimate barite mortar attenuation curves using X-ray spectra weighted by a workload distribution. A semi-empirical model was used for the evaluation of transmission properties of this material. Since ambient dose equivalent, H(⁎)(10), is the radiation quantity adopted by IAEA for dose assessment, the variation of the H(⁎)(10) as a function of barite mortar thickness was calculated using primary experimental spectra. A CdTe detector was used for the measurement of these spectra. The resulting spectra were adopted for estimating the optimized thickness of protective barrier needed for shielding an area in an X-ray imaging facility.

Application Of Tactile/kinesthetic Stimulation In Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.

To verify the methods used by the clinical trials that assessed the effect of tactile/kinesthetic stimulation on weight gain in preterm infants and highlight the similarities and differences among such studies. This review collected studies from two databases, PEDro and PubMed, in July of 2014, in addition to bibliographies. Two researchers assessed the relevant titles independently, and then chose which studies to read in full and include in this review by consensus. Clinical trials that studied tactile stimulation or massage therapy whether or not associated with kinesthetic stimulation of preterm infants; that assessed weight gain after the intervention; that had a control group and were composed in English, Portuguese, or Spanish were included. A total of 520 titles were found and 108 were selected for manuscript reading. Repeated studies were excluded, resulting in 40 different studies. Of these, 31 met all the inclusion criteria. There were many differences in the application of tactile/kinesthetic stimulation techniques among studies, which hindered the accurate reproduction of the procedure. Also, many studies did not describe the adverse events that occurred during stimulation, the course of action taken when such events occurred, and their effect on the outcome. These studies made a relevant contribution towards indicating tactile/kinesthetic stimulation as a promising tool. Nevertheless, there was no standard for application among them. Future studies should raise the level of methodological rigor and describe the adverse events. This may permit other researchers to be more aware of expected outcomes, and a standard technique could be established.