Lysis of HIV-1-infected cells and inhibition of viral replication by universal receptor T cells

Increasing evidence suggests that HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are a key host immune response to HIV-1 infection. Generation of CTL responses for prevention or therapy of HIV-1 infection has several intrinsic technical barriers such as antigen expression and presentation, the varying HLA restrictions between different individuals, and the potential for viral escape by sequence variation or surface molecule alteration on infected cells. A strategy to circumvent these limitations is the construction of a chimeric T cell receptor containing human CD4 or HIV-1-specific Ig sequences linked to the signaling domain of the T cell receptor ζ chain (universal T cell receptor). CD8+ CTLs transduced with this universal receptor can then bind and lyse infected cells that express surface HIV-1 gp120. We evaluated the ability of universal-receptor-bearing CD8+ cells from a seronegative donor to lyse acutely infected cells and inhibit HIV-1 replication in vitro. The kinetics of lysis and efficiency of inhibition were comparable to that of naturally occurring HIV-1-specific CTL clones isolated from infected individuals. Further study will be required to determine the utility of these cells as a therapeutic strategy in vivo.

Compilation of Mg/Ca ratios of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) and SST estimates from the northern North Atlantic

A map of estimated calcification temperatures of the planktic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral (TNps) for the Nordic Seas and the northern North Atlantic for the Last Glacial Maximum was produced from oxygen isotopes with support of Mg/Ca ratios. To arrive at the reconstruction, several constraints concerning the plausible salinity and ?18O-fields were employed. The reconstruction indicates inflow of temperate waters in a wedge along the eastern border of the Nordic Seas and at least seasonally ice-free waters. The reconstruction from oxygen isotopes shows similarities with Mg/Ca based paleotemperatures in the southern and southeastern sector, while unrealistically high Mg/Ca values in the central Nordic Seas prevent the application of the method in this area. The oxygen isotope based reconstruction shows some agreement with temperature reconstructions based on the modern analogue technique, but with somewhat lower temperatures and a stronger internal gradient inside the Nordic Seas. All told, our results suggest a much more ice-free and dynamic high latitude ocean than the CLIMAP reconstruction.

1977/78 UM Women's Basketball Team

Back Row: ass't coach Margo Plotzke, Sara Smolenski, Teresa Wyckoff, Natasha Cender, Kenda Scheele, Abby Currier, Brenda Venhuizen

Middle Row: student trainer Lynn Squanda, student manager Pat Muthart, Deb Allor, Marilyn Best, Denise Cameron, Sheila Butler, Mary Donovan, head coach Gloria Soluk, head trainer Rose Snyder, student manager Ledora Scott

Front Row: Michelle Barrett, Jan Stevens, Terry Conlin, Linda Gardener, Karen Gilhooly, Jeanne Otto

1979 UM Women's Basketball Team

Back Row: assistant coach Margo Plotzke, Brenda Venhuizen, Terri Conlin, Diane McNamara, Jill Smith, Kris Hansen, Yvette Harris, Diane Dietz, Tammie Sanders, Penny Neer, ? coach, coach Gloria Soluk,

Front Row: ?, Deb Allor, Jeanne White, Terry Schevers, Abby Courier, Monique Bernoudy, Michelle Grier, coach

Industrial Material Exchange Service assessment report, April 1986 /

Cover title.

UM Women's Swimming Team, 1991

Back Row: head coach Jim Richardson, Karen Sinclair, Judy Barto, Chrissi Rawak, Missy McCracken, Mindy Gehrs, Tara Higgins, Kathy Winkel, Kathy Deibler, Vallery Hyduk, Jennifer Zakrajsek, Kathleen Hegarty, Karen Barnes, Cinnamon Woods, grad. asst. Ann Colloton, asst. coach Pete Hickman, grad asst. Anna Martens

Middle Row: asst. coach Margo Mahoney, Lisa Cribari, Julie Schnorberger, Jenny Sutton, Lisa Anderson, Kate Girard, Amy Bohnert, Nicole Williamson, Ann Louise Francis, Sandy Smith, Stephanie Munson, Martha Wenzel, diving coach Dick Kimball

Front Row: Molly Hegarty, Heather Ross, Margie Stoll, Julie Greyer, Whitney Scherer, Minoo Gupta, Michelle Swix, Jennifer Love, Claudia Vieira, Caren Henry

UM Women's Swimming Team, 1992

Front Row: Amy Bohnert, Claudia Vieira, Katherine Creighton, Julie Greyer, Jennifer Love, Michelle Swix, Lisa Cribari, Lisa Anderson, Nicole Williamson, Missy McCracken, Mindy Gehrs

Middle Row: diving coach Dick Kimball, asst. coach Margo Mahoney, Jennifer Almeida, Alecia Humphrey, Karen Sinclair, Stephanie Munson, Karen Barnes, Judy Barto, Vallery Hyduk, Kate Girard, Kirsten Silvester, Martha Wenzel, Cinnamon Woods,

Back Row: head coach Jim Richardson, Kim Hart, Erin O'Connor, Karen Todd, Tara Higgins, Jennifer Zakrasjek, An Louise Francis, Jennifer Abell, Melissa McLean, Jenny Sutton, Melissa Harris, Kathleen Hegarty, Katherine Zarse, Lara Hooiveld, asst. coach Sam Jalet

Brotherhood" (verso

Photograph of Kevorkian's painting "Brotherhood," set up on an easel. Photograph was taken by Kevorkian's sister Margo Janus.

Brotherhood" (verso

Verso of a photograph depicting Kevorkian's painting "Brotherhood," set up on an easel. Caption by Ava Janus.