Mixed gas equilibrium adsorption on zeolites and energetic heterogeneity of adsorption volume

A model for binary mixture adsorption accounting for energetic heterogeneity and intermolecular interactions is proposed in this paper. The model is based on statistical thermodynamics, and it is able to describe molecular rearrangement of a mixture in a nonuniform adsorption field inside a cavity. The Helmholtz free energy obtained in the framework of this approach has upper and lower limits, which define a permissible range in which all possible solutions will be found. One limit corresponds to a completely chaotic distribution of molecules within a cavity, while the other corresponds to a maximum ordered molecular structure. Comparison of the nearly ideal O-2-N-2-zeolite NaX system at ambient temperature with the system Of O-2-N-2-zeolite CaX at 144 K has shown that a decrease of temperature leads to a molecular rearrangement in the cavity volume, which results from the difference in the fluid-solid interactions. The model is able to describe this behavior and therefore allows predicting mixture adsorption more accurately compared to those assuming energetic uniformity of the adsorption volume. Another feature of the model is its ability to correctly describe the negative deviations from Raoult's law exhibited by the O-2-N-2-CaX system at 144 K. Analysis of the highly nonideal CO2-C2H6-zeolite NaX system has shown that the spatial molecular rearrangement in separate cavities is induced by not only the ion-quadrupole interaction of the CO2 molecule but also the significant difference in molecular size and the difference between the intermolecular interactions of molecules of the same species and those of molecules of different species. This leads to the highly ordered structure of this system.

On the volume of 4-cycle trades

A 4-cycle trade of volume t corresponds to a simple graph G without isolated vertices, where the edge set can be partitioned into t 4-cycles in at least two different ways such that the two collections of 4-cycles have no 4-cycles in common. The foundation of the trade is v = \V(G)\. This paper determines for which values oft and a there exists a 4-cycle trade of volume t and foundation v.

Plasma zinc and immune markers in runners in response to a moderate increase in training volume

Changes in plasma zinc concentration and markers of immune function were examined in a group of 10 male runners (n = 10) following a moderate increase in training over four weeks. Seven sedentary males acted as controls. Fasting blood samples were taken at rest, before (T0) and after T4) four weeks of increased (+ 16 %) training and after two weeks of reduced (- 31 %) training (W. Blood was analysed for plasma zinc concentration, differential leucocyte counts, lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte proliferation using incorporation of H-3-thymidine. The runners increased their training volume by 16 % over the four weeks. When compared with the nonathletes, the runners had lower concentrations of plasma zinc (p = 0.012), CD3(+) (p = 0.042) and CD19(+) lymphocytes (p = 0.010) over the four weeks. Lymphocyte proliferation in response to Concanavalin A stimulation was greater in the runners (p = 0.0090). Plasma zinc concentration and immune markers remained constant during the study. Plasma zinc concentration correlated with total leucocyte counts in the athletes at T6 (r = -0.72, p < 0.05) and with Pokeweed mitogen stimulation in the nonathletes at T6 (r = -0.92, p < 0.05). Therefore, athletes are unlikely to benefit from zinc supplementation during periods of moderately increased training volume.

Adsorption of supercritical fluids in non-porous and porous carbons: analysis of adsorbed phase volume and density

In this paper, we revisit the surface mass excess in adsorption studies and investigate the role of the volume of the adsorbed phase and its density in the analysis of supercritical gas adsorption in non-porous as well as microporous solids. For many supercritical fluids tested (krypton, argon, nitrogen, methane) on many different carbonaceous solids, it is found that the volume of the adsorbed phase is confined mostly to a geometrical volume having a thickness of up to a few molecular diameters. At high pressure the adsorbed phase density is also found to be very close to but never equal or greater than the liquid phase density. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

A experi??ncia da ENAP na forma????o inicial para a carreira de Especialista em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental ??? EPPGG: 1988 a 2006 - Volume 1

A pesquisa apresentada neste documento analisa, interpreta e sistematiza o material das onze edi????es do curso, desenvolvidas pela ENAP, de 1988 a 2006. Consideremos que esta ?? uma hist??ria que merece ser conhecida, permitindo extrair, dos acertos e erros, importantes li????es, as quais a ENAP, com o prop??sito de contribuir para seu cont??nuo aprimoramento, deseja compartilhar com as demais Escolas de Governo, institui????es e profissionais dedicados ao of??cio de forma????o de servidores p??blicos

A experi??ncia da ENAP na forma????o inicial para a carreira de Especialista em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental ??? EPPGG: 1988 a 2006 - Volume 2

A pesquisa apresentada nestes dois cadernos analisa, interpreta e sistematiza o material das onze edi????es do curso forma????o, desenvolvidas pela ENAP, entre 1988 e 2006. A obra pretende mostrar as influ??ncias de valores e de diferentes perspectivas que as atividades sofreram ao longo desse per??odo. O curso est?? diretamente associado ?? cria????o da ENAP e, em agosto de 2008, completou 20 anos

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: pref??cio

Pref??cio da colet??nea, estabelece seu objetivo de fornecer material did??tico focado no desenvolvimento profissional da administra????o p??blica brasileira.

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: introdu????o

Esta introdu????o, al??m de apresentar e contextualizar cada tem??tica, objetiva ser um texto did??tico b??sico para os cursos da ENAP. Nesse sentido, traz, adicionalmente, uma s??ntese dos temas desenvolvidos nos respectivos textos da colet??nea.

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: o plano como aposta

O texto sintetiza os principais fundamentos do m??todo PES. Esse m??todo contrap??e-se ao planejamento tradicional e prop??e uma abordagem tecnopol??tica do planejamento.

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: o quadro l??gico - um m??todo para planejar e gerenciar mudan??as

O texto traz uma s??ntese do Enfoque do Quadro L??gico e constr??i um exemplo da matriz de planejamento do projeto, que ilustra para o leitor a estrutura do QL

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: a experi??ncia brasileira em planejamento econ??mico - uma s??ntese hist??rica

O texto faz uma s??ntese did??tica dos planos de desenvolvimento e de estabiliza????o econ??mica implementados no Brasil, nas ??ltimas seis d??cadas. O relato abrange desde os primeiros exerc??cios de planejamento, no imediato p??s-Segunda Guerra Mundial, at?? os ??ltimos PPAs e, ainda, faz refer??ncias ??s tentativas de planejamento de longo prazo com o ???Brasil 2020???, no governo Fernando Henrique.

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: a retomada do planejamento governamental no Brasil e seus desafios

O texto apresenta um cen??rio dos avan??os recentes no planejamento governamental. Em sua primeira parte, procura referenciar o debate atual acerca das possibilidades, das limita????es e dos avan??os introduzidos pelo PPA, especialmente a partir de 2000, com destaque para a integra????o ???plano-or??amento???, por meio de programas formulados com origem em problemas ou demandas da sociedade; um plano e um or??amento orientados para resultado; e o novo sistema de planejamento e or??amento como pe??a fundamental para a implanta????o da gest??o por resultados no Pa??s. A segunda parte do texto refere-se ao modelo de gest??o do plano. S??o apresentados os fundamentos do modelo de sua gest??o e os avan??os propostos para o PPA 2004-2007. Em s??ntese, a gest??o do plano ?? fundamentada no princ??pio da responsabiliza????o e nos processos de monitoramento, avalia????o e retroalimenta????o do ciclo do gasto p??blico

Colet??nea planejamento e or??amento governamental: volume 1: a metodologia de gest??o estrat??gica do NAE

O texto incorpora uma diversidade de ferramentas de planejamento estrat??gico. Sua principal caracter??stica ?? a de ver o planejamento estrat??gico como um processo e n??o apenas como um projeto que se finda com a antevis??o de cen??rios prospectivos e suas poss??veis solu????es estrat??gicas.