Inter-stage line ratio of He- and Li-like Ti emissions for the electron temperature measurement

Under coronal conditions, the steady state rate-equations are used to calculate the inter-stage line ratios between Li-like Is(2)2p(P-2(3/2))-> 1s(2)2s -> ((2) S-1/2) and He-like 1s2p (P-1(1))-> 1s(2) (S-1(0)) transitions for Ti in the electronic temperature ranges from 0.1 keV to 20 keV. The results show that the. temperature sensitivities are higher at the electronic temperature less than 5000 eV and the temperature sensitivities will decrease with the increase of electronic temperature.

Ag~+-Li~+离子交换制作Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)共掺磷酸盐玻璃平面光波导(英文)

制备了化学稳定的Er^3＋／Yb^3＋共掺的磷酸盐玻璃，并在其中制作了用于光放大器和激光器的平面光波导．这种磷酸盐玻璃的失重速率为4．7×10^-5g·cm^-2·hr^-1，小于Kigre公司商业化的磷酸盐玻璃QX／Er的失重速率．采用Ag^＋-Li^＋交换技术制作了平面光波导并用m-线光谱在632．8nm测量了平面光波导的有效折射率．根据反WKB法得到折射率形貌，计算了离子交换参数如：离子交换深度、表面折射率，折射率改变和扩散系数等．

Enhanced broadband near-infrared luminescence in transparent silicate glass ceramics containing Yb3+ ions and Ni2+-doped Li Ga5 O8 nanocrystals

Spectral properties of Yb3+/Ni2+ codoped transparent silicate glass ceramics containing LiGa5O8 nanocrystals were investigated. The near-infrared emission intensity of Ni2+ was largely increased with Yb3+ codoping due to Yb3+-> Ni2+ energy transfer. The qualitative calculation of the energy transfer constant Cs-a and rate Ps-a showed that the Yb3+-> Ni2+ energy transfer was much greater than in the opposite direction. Yb3+/Ni2+ codoped glass ceramics with 0.75 mol % Yb2O3 exhibited a near-infrared emission with full width at half maximum of 290 nm and fluorescent lifetime of 920 mu s. The glass ceramics are promising for broadband optical amplification.

太行花属（Taihangia Yu et Li）种质资源的研究

本文报道了太行花属（Taihangia Yu et Li）的种群分布、生物学特性和离体培养的初步结果。 太行花种群由于环境和生物等方面的原因仅在太行山区有狭小分布。来源于不同地区种群的太行花其形态特征具有丰富的表型，在引种条件下更为显著。而酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶分析进一步证实了其遗传的稳定性和同源性。 实验表明，太行花在北纬39°58'，最低温度-11℃的北京北京植物园，露地越冬正常。温度提高至40℃时生长发育受抑制而迟滞，以25℃最为适宜，增殖率最高。太行花对土壤的适应范围较广，在泥炭培养土上移殖的幼苗成活率达97.20%，主根须根发达，叶生长良好。不同强度光照处理12000Lux效果最好。 太行花生育期为230多天，生长积温为3763℃左右。物候期受环境条件和当年气候的影响，不同种群和个体之间有一定的差异。花的性别、花期和开花量等与纬度、海拔主要与温湿度相关。 太行花的茎尖、花芽、花梗、萼片、花瓣和叶子等外植体均能在MS附加不同种类和浓度植物激素的培养基中分化，其分化途径和分化效果因附加成分、外植体类别而异。在含有0.1mg/L IAA和0.5mg/L 6-BA的培养基中，不但能启动花芽正常生长、开花、形成合子胚，而且也能诱导花芽、花梗、茎尖产生花芽和营养芽。在芽的继代培养中，细胞分裂素能大量诱导芽的分化，最好的配比是0.5mg/L 6-BA、0.1mg/L ZJ;只含生长素时可以诱导生根或脱分化，其中生根最好的是0.5mg/L IAA;2.4-D单独使用时，能较好地使花芽、叶等脱分化，其最佳浓度为1.0mg/L。

Redescription of Balantidium polyvacuolum Li 1963 (Class: Litostomatea) inhabiting the intestines of Xenocyprinae fishes in Hubei, China

Redescription of Balantidium polyvacuolum Li 1963, collected from the hindgut of Xenocypris davidi and Xenocypris argentea, from Niushan Lake Fishery (30A degrees 19' N, 114A degrees 31' E) in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in April and June 2007 is presented in this paper to complete Li's description at both light and scanning electronic microscopic levels. The unique body shape of B. polyvacuolum-highly arched dorsal side and flattened ventral surface-as well as its remarkable concave platelet present in the centroventral were well described and compared with other close Balantidium species. Besides, two types of vestibulum shape are observed in our present work, which may suggest the existence of two subspecies or genotype species of these balantidia.

Distribution and morphology of two endemic gomphonemoid species, Gohphonema kaznakowi Mereschkowsky and G-yangtzensis Li nov sp in China

The morphology of Gomphonema kaznakowi Mereschkowsky was investigated using light microscopy. This species has two morphologically distinct areas near the headpole; an unornamented and an ornamented area. The two areas are distinguished from each other by the combination of size and striae number. A new species, Gomphonema yangtzensis Li nov. sp. is identified based on an ornamented area near the headpole. G. kaznakowi is reported from the upper and middle part of the Yangtze River, and was also found in the upper section of the Yellow River. G. yangtzensis was found in the upper area of the Yellow River and the middle of the Yangtze River. Their limited distribution may be due to certain environmental conditions or a different dispersal rate. Both species are illustrated.

Optimization by orthogonal array design and humoral immunity of the bivalent vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialis infection in crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.)

Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialis are the causative agents of a serious haemorrhagic septicaemia that affects a wide range of freshwater fish in China. In order to develop a bivalent anti-A. hydrophila and anti-V. fluvialis formalin-killed vaccine to prevent this disease, an orthogonal array design (OAD) method was used to optimize the production conditions, using three factors, each having three levels. The effects of these factors and levels on the relative per cent survival for crucian carp were quantitatively evaluated by analysis of variance. The final optimized formulation was established. The data showed that inactivation temperature had a significant effect on the potency of vaccine, but formalin concentration did not. The bivalent vaccine could elicit a strong humoral response in crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.) against both A. hydrophila and V. fluvialis simultaneously, which peaked at 3 or 5 weeks respectively. Antibody titres remained high until week 12, the end of the experiment, after a single intraperitoneal injection. The verification experiment confirmed that an optimized preparation could provide protection for fish at least against A. hydrophila infection, and did perform better than the non-optimized vaccine judged by the antibody levels and protection rate, suggesting that OAD is of value in the development of improved vaccine formulations.

Characteristics of high Al content AlxGa1-xN grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

The epitaxial growth of AlxGa1-xN film with high Al content by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) has been accomplished. The resulting Al content was determined to be 54% by high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and Vegard's law. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the AlGaN (0002) HRXRD rocking curve was about 597 arcsec. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) image showed a relatively rough surface with grain-like islands, mainly coming from the low surface mobility of adsorbed Alspecies. From transmittance measurement, the cut-off wavelength was around 280 nm and Fabry-Perot fringes were clearly visible in the transmission region. Cathodoluminescence (CL) measurement indicated that there existed a uniformity in the growth direction and a non-uniformity in the lateral direction. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.