The interlanguage development in the spanish learning as foreign language in Teletandem under the View of the Complexity Theory

This article presents, under the perspective of Complexity Theory, the characteristics of the learning process of Spanish as a foreign language in Teletandem. Data were collected from two pairs of Portuguese-Spanish interagents, who were engaged in a systematic and regular interaction, based on the tandem principles. It was found that the learning experience is developed with the peculiarities that arise from the context, agents, members and their nuances, which revealed the presence of a shallow space between the systems of native and foreign languages.

Fear of the unknown: local knowledge and perceptions of the Eurasian lynx

The remnant population of Balkan lynx Lynx lynx martinoi is small, isolated and highly threatened. Since 2006 a conservation project has surveyed its status and promoted its recovery in Albania and Macedonia. Eurasian lynx are often associated with conflicts of an economic or social nature, and their conservation requires a focus on the people sharing the landscape with the species. In this study we adopt methods and conceptual frameworks from anthropology to explore the local knowledge and perceptions of lynx among rural hunters and livestock breeders in the western mountains of the Republic of Macedonia in south-east Europe. The main finding was that local people rarely saw or interacted with lynx. As the level of interactions with this species is very low, the lynx doesn?t appear to be a species associated with conflicts in Macedonia. There was also a general lack of both scientific and local knowledge, which has led to somewhat negative attitudes, mainly based on myths and rumours. Poaching of lynx and their prey seem to be the main barriers to lynx conservation.

Knowledge-based analysis of microarray gene expression data by using support vector machines

We introduce a method of functionally classifying genes by using gene expression data from DNA microarray hybridization experiments. The method is based on the theory of support vector machines (SVMs). SVMs are considered a supervised computer learning method because they exploit prior knowledge of gene function to identify unknown genes of similar function from expression data. SVMs avoid several problems associated with unsupervised clustering methods, such as hierarchical clustering and self-organizing maps. SVMs have many mathematical features that make them attractive for gene expression analysis, including their flexibility in choosing a similarity function, sparseness of solution when dealing with large data sets, the ability to handle large feature spaces, and the ability to identify outliers. We test several SVMs that use different similarity metrics, as well as some other supervised learning methods, and find that the SVMs best identify sets of genes with a common function using expression data. Finally, we use SVMs to predict functional roles for uncharacterized yeast ORFs based on their expression data.

Technical efficiency in the retail food industry: the influence of inventory investment, wage levels, and age of the firm

The objective of this paper is to estimate technical efficiency in retailing; and the influence of inventory investment, wage levels, and firm age on this efficiency. We use the output supermarket chains’ sales volume, calculated isolating the retailer price effect on its sales revenue. This output allows us to estimate a strictly technical concept of efficiency. The methodology is based on the estimation of a stochastic parametric function. The empirical analyses applied to panel data on a sample of 42 supermarket chains between 2000 and 2002 show that inventory investment and wage level have an impact on technical efficiency. In comparison, the effect of these factors on efficiency calculated through a monetary output (sales revenue) shows some differences that could be due to aspects related to product prices.

Twentieth century encyclopedia of religious knowledge. An extension of The new Schaff-Herzog encyclopedia of religious knowledge.

Includes bibliographies.

The advantage and necessity of the Christian revelation, shewn from the state of religion in the ancient heathen world : especially with respect to the knowledge and worship of the one true God : a rule of moral duty : and a state of future rewards and punishments : to which is prefixed, a preliminary discourse on natural and revealed religion /

Mode of access: Internet.

A portrait catalogue of the books published by Houghton, Mifflin and company; with a sketch of the firm, brief descriptions of the various departments, and some account of the origin and character of the literary enterprises undertaken.

"This edition consists of one thousand copies."

The advantage and necessity of the Christian revelation, shewn from the state of religion in the antient heathen world: especially with respect to the knowledge and worship of the one true god: a rule of moral duty: and a state of future rewards and punishments. To which is prefixed, a preliminary discourse on natural and revealed religion. In two volumes.

At head of title: Finley's edition.

A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive, being a connected view of the principles of evidence and the methods of scientific investigation.

Mode of access: Internet.

John Bull & co.; the great colonial branches of the firm: Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa,

Mode of access: Internet.

A brief history of the firm of Taylor, Pinkham & Co., Inc. : founded by Saul Alley in 1816 /

Mode of access: Internet.

A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive : being a connected view of the principles of evidence, and methods of scientific investigation /

Printer's statement on verso of title page: London: Harrison and Co., Printers, St. Martin's Lane.

Encyclopedia of religious knowledge; or, Dictionary of the Bible,

Mode of access: Internet.

A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive, being a connected view of the principles of evidence, and the methods of scientific investigation.

Mode of access: Internet.