Conservação dos recursos naturais na comunidade Santa Luzia, município de Tomé-Açu/Pará: uma experiência de produção com sustentabilidade na Amazônia através de sistemas agroflorestais.

Este trabalho analisou o processo de conservação dos recursos naturais na Amazônia Paraense por agricultores familiares que produzem em sistemas agroflorestais. Estudou-se a realidade produtiva de 18 famílias que possuem SAFs, por meio da aplicação de um questionário de caracterização dos seus agroecossistemas. Na comunidade Santa Luzia mantêm-se consideravelmente a vegetação natural devido o processo de aumento da implantação de SAFs, em que 94,4% das famílias que tem SAFs possuem áreas de reserva legal. Sistemas agroflorestais devem ser indicados para comunidades rurais da Amazônia para reduzir desmatamentos e queimadas durante o desenvolvimento de atividades agrícolas e florestais.

Seca dos frutos do açaizeiro em Abaetetuba, Belém e Igarapé-Mirim.

2015

Análise econômica de um sistema agroflorestal sucessional no município de Tomé-Açu, Pará.

O sistema agroflorestal (SAF) surgiu como um modelo alternativo de sistema de uso da terra entre os agricultores nipo-brasileiros do município em decorrência da disseminação de doenças nos pimentais. No entanto, estes sistemas de produção ainda suscitam dúvidas quanto ao desempenho financeiro do sistema em si e das culturas que a compõem, diante desta problemática, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a análise econômica de um sistema agroflorestal sucessional no município de Tomé-Açu, visando avaliar a viabilidade econômica do sistema. Os dados referentes aos custos de implantação e manutenção do sistema foram coletados e a partir da análise dos dados, verificou-se que a após o quarto ano de implantação do sistema, as receitas passaram a superar as despesas, sendo a maioria proveniente da cultura de pimenta-do-reino, seguida pela do açaí. Ao final do horizonte de planejamento, o sistema apresentou VPL de R$ 229.947,80. TIR de 57,57%, VAE de R$ 19.755,00 e uma RB/C de R$ 2,2, indicando a viabilidade econômica do sistema.

Efluxo de CO2 do solo em diferentes usos e coberturas da terra em Tomé-Açu, Amazônia Oriental.

Sistemas de uso e cobertura do solo podem afetar o efluxo de CO2 do solo, condicionado por fatores abióticos e bióticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação do efluxo de CO2 do solo em diferentes sistemas - sistemas agroflorestais com palma de óleo com diferentes históricos de uso prévio, dois monocultivos de palma de óleo, e três florestas sucessionais com diferentes idades. As menores médias de efluxo de CO2 nas áreas de cultivo convencional de palma de óleo, possivelmente está relacionada a baixa diversidade de espécies desses cultivos, e menor atividade microbiana. O maior efluxo de CO2 do solo ocorreu na floresta sucessional de 30 anos

Avaliação de caracteres agronômicos em progênies de cupuaçuzeiro, resistentes à vassoura-de-bruxa, no município de Tomé-Açu.

O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o desempenho de 25 progênies de cupuaçuzeiro quanto ao desenvolvimento vegetativo, nos três primeiros anos, produção de frutos e incidência de vassoura-de-bruxa durante cinco safras. O experimento foi implantado em Sistema Agroflorestal (SAF), juntamente com pimenta-do-reino (2,5 x 2,5 m) e taperebá, (30 x 20 m). O cupuaçuzeiro teve delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com 25 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 3 plantas por parcela. Os resultados da análise estatística revelaram que, quanto à variável altura, a progênie 140 teve maior destaque, com média de 2,56 m, não diferindo, entretanto, de outras 15 progênies. Não houve diferença estatística entre as progênies quanto ao diâmetro do caule. Quanto à produção de frutos, as progênies 139, 140 160 e 167 foram as mais produtivas, com destaque para a 167, com média de 15,37 frutos/planta/safra. Em contrapartida, as progênies 122, 128, 133, 147, 149 e 165 não tiveram boa performance produtiva nas cinco safras iniciais. Há nessa população, portanto, variabilidade suficiente para permitir a seleção de materiais promissores para o programa de melhoramento genético. Apesar de não ter havido tempo hábil para a seleção das progênies mais resistentes, foi possível identificar aquelas mais sensíveis à Moniliophthora perniciosa

The lens of ludic engagement : evaluating participation in interactive art installations

Designers and artists have integrated recent advances in interactive, tangible and ubiquitous computing technologies to create new forms of interactive environments in the domains of work, recreation, culture and leisure. Many designs of technology systems begin with the workplace in mind, and with function, ease of use, and efficiency high on the list of priorities. [1] These priorities do not fit well with works designed for an interactive art environment, where the aims are many, and where the focus on utility and functionality is to support a playful, ambiguous or even experimental experience for the participants. To evaluate such works requires an integration of art-criticism techniques with more recent Human Computer Interaction (HCI) methods, and an understanding of the different nature of engagement in these environments. This paper begins a process of mapping a set of priorities for amplifying engagement in interactive art installations. I first define the concept of ludic engagement and its usefulness as a lens for both design and evaluation in these settings. I then detail two fieldwork evaluations I conducted within two exhibitions of interactive artworks, and discuss their outcomes and the future directions of this research.

Queensland's Smart State Initiative : a successful knowledge based urban development strategy

The chapter will set out to explain the KBUD and urban policy making processes in Queensland, Australia. This chapter will draw on providing a clear understanding on policy frameworks and relevant ICT applications of the Queensland ‘Smart State’ experience. The chapter is consisted of six sections. The first section following the introduction provides background information. The second section focuses on the KBUD processes in Queensland. The third section offers a comprehensive analysis of the ‘Queensland Smart State’ initiative, and it also identifies actors and goals of the agenda of Smart State experience. The fourth section reviews knowledge based development and ICT applications and policies of the Queensland Smart State and Brisbane Smart City experiences, and their impacts on Brisbane’s successful KBUD. The fifth section discusses knowledge hubs and ICT developments within the Brisbane metropolitan area. Then the chapter concludes with future trends and conclusion sections.

Towards ubiquitous city : concept, planning, and experiences in the Republic of Korea

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) had occupied their position on knowledge management and are now evolving towards the era of self-intelligence (Klosterman, 2001). In the 21st century ICTs for urban development and planning are imperative to improve the quality of life and place. This includes the management of traffic, waste, electricity, sewerage and water quality, monitoring fire and crime, conserving renewable resources, and coordinating urban policies and programs for urban planners, civil engineers, and government officers and administrators. The handling of tasks in the field of urban management often requires complex, interdisciplinary knowledge as well as profound technical information. Most of the information has been compiled during the last few years in the form of manuals, reports, databases, and programs. However frequently, the existence of these information and services are either not known or they are not readily available to the people who need them. To provide urban administrators and the public with comprehensive information and services, various ICTs are being developed. In early 1990s Mark Weiser (1993) proposed Ubiquitous Computing project at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Centre in the US. He provides a vision of a built environment which digital networks link individual residents not only to other people but also to goods and services whenever and wherever they need (Mitchell, 1999). Since then the Republic of Korea (ROK) has been continuously developed national strategies for knowledge based urban development (KBUD) through the agenda of Cyber Korea, E-Korea and U-Korea. Among abovementioned agendas particularly the U-Korea agenda aims the convergence of ICTs and urban space for a prosperous urban and economic development. U-Korea strategies create a series of U-cities based on ubiquitous computing and ICTs by a means of providing ubiquitous city (U-city) infrastructure and services in urban space. The goals of U-city development is not only boosting the national economy but also creating value in knowledge based communities. It provides opportunity for both the central and local governments collaborate to U-city project, optimize information utilization, and minimize regional disparities. This chapter introduces the Korean-led U-city concept, planning, design schemes and management policies and discusses the implications of U-city concept in planning for KBUD.

Changing the metaphor : the potential of online communities in teacher professional development

Belonging to an online community offers teachers the opportunity to exchange ideas, make connections with a wider peer group and form collaborative networks. The increasing popularity of teacher professional communities means that we need to understand how they work and determine the role they may play in teacher professional development. This chapter will map data from a doctoral study to a recentlydeveloped model of professional development to offer a new perspective of how online communities can add to a teacher’s personal and professional growth and, in so doing, add to the small number of studies in this field. This chapter will conclude with a call for a revision of the way we approach professional development in the 21st century and suggest that old models and metaphors are hindering the adoption of more effective means of professional development for teachers.

Web-based public participatory GIS

Decision support systems (DSS) have evolved rapidly during the last decade from stand alone or limited networked solutions to online participatory solutions. One of the major enablers of this change is the fastest growing areas of geographical information system (GIS) technology development that relates to the use of the Internet as a means to access, display, and analyze geospatial data remotely. World-wide many federal, state, and particularly local governments are designing to facilitate data sharing using interactive Internet map servers. This new generation DSS or planning support systems (PSS), interactive Internet map server, is the solution for delivering dynamic maps and GIS data and services via the world-wide Web, and providing public participatory GIS (PPGIS) opportunities to a wider community (Carver, 2001; Jankowski & Nyerges, 2001). It provides a highly scalable framework for GIS Web publishing, Web-based public participatory GIS (WPPGIS), which meets the needs of corporate intranets and demands of worldwide Internet access (Craig, 2002). The establishment of WPPGIS provides spatial data access through a support centre or a GIS portal to facilitate efficient access to and sharing of related geospatial data (Yigitcanlar, Baum, & Stimson, 2003). As more and more public and private entities adopt WPPGIS technology, the importance and complexity of facilitating geospatial data sharing is growing rapidly (Carver, 2003). Therefore, this article focuses on the online public participation dimension of the GIS technology. The article provides an overview of recent literature on GIS and WPPGIS, and includes a discussion on the potential use of these technologies in providing a democratic platform for the public in decision-making.