Highly excited states for the helium atom in the hyperspherical adiabatic approach

The hyperspherical adiabatic approach is used to obtain the highly excited series 1sns 1S e and 1s(n + 1)p 1P o of the helium atom. The introduction of appropriate asymptotic conditions at large values of the hyperspherical radius results in a stable algorithm that allows the calculation of the full atomic spectrum with precision of a few parts per million. Comparison with the variational calculations available in the literature shows that the accuracy of the results improves with increasing principal quantum number. We present the energies up to n = 31 which is the typical value used in multiphoton excitation experiments.

Analytical functions for the calculation of hyperspherical potential curves of atomic systems

We present angular basis functions for the Schrödinger equation of two-electron systems in hyperspherical coordinates. By using the hyperspherical adiabatic approach, the wave functions of two-electron systems are expanded in analytical functions, which generalizes the Jacobi polynomials. We show that these functions, obtained by selecting the diagonal terms of the angular equation, allow efficient diagonalization of the Hamiltonian for all values of the hyperspherical radius. The method is applied to the determination of the 1S e energy levels of the Li + and we show that the precision can be improved in a systematic and controllable way. ©2000 The American Physical Society.

Evaluation of biochemical and redox parameters in rats fed with corn grown in soil amended with urban sewage sludge

The increased production of urban sewage sludge requires alternative methods for final disposal. A very promising choice is the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer in agriculture, since it is rich in organic matter, macro and micronutrients. However, urban sewage sludge may contain toxic substances that may cause deleterious effects on the biota, water and soil, and consequently on humans. There is a lack of studies evaluating how safe the consumption of food cultivated in soils containing urban sewage sludge is. Thus, the aim of this paper was to evaluate biochemical and redox parameters in rats fed with corn produced in a soil treated with urban sewage sludge for a long term. For these experiments, maize plants were grown in soil amended with sewage sludge (rates of 5, 10 and 20. t/ha) or not (control). Four different diets were prepared with the corn grains produced in the field experiment, and rats were fed with these diets for 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Biochemical parameters (glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) as well the redox state biomarkers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, glutathione peroxidase and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were assessed. Our results show no differences in the biomarkers over 1 or 2 weeks. However, at 4 weeks BuChE activity was inhibited in rats fed with corn grown in soil amended with sewage sludge (5, 10 and 20. t/ha), while MDA levels increased. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to corn cultivated in the highest amount per hectare of sewage sludge (8 and 12 weeks) was associated with an increase in MDA levels and a decrease in GSH levels, respectively. Our findings add new evidence of the risks of consuming food grown with urban sewage sludge. However, considering that the amount and type of toxic substances present in urban sewage sludge varies considerably among different sampling areas, further studies are needed to evaluate sludge samples collected from different sources and/or undergoing different types of treatment. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Phytoremediation Potential of Mana-Cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) for the Deleterious Effects of Methylmercury on the Reproductive System of Rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mestre Galdino: o ceramista poeta de Caruaru - PE

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Symmetry insights for design of supercomputer network topologies: roots and weights lattices

We present a family of networks whose local interconnection topologies are generated by the root vectors of a semi-simple complex Lie algebra. Cartan classification theorem of those algebras ensures those families of interconnection topologies to be exhaustive. The global arrangement of the network is defined in terms of integer or half-integer weight lattices. The mesh or torus topologies that network millions of processing cores, such as those in the IBM BlueGene series, are the simplest member of that category. The symmetries of the root systems of an algebra, manifested by their Weyl group, lends great convenience for the design and analysis of hardware architecture, algorithms and programs.

Relating network rigidity, time scale hierarchies, and expression noise in gene networks

Fluctuation-dissipation theorems can be used to predict characteristics of noise from characteristics of the macroscopic response of a system. In the case of gene networks, feedback control determines the "network rigidity," defined as resistance to slow external changes. We propose an effective Fokker-Planck equation that relates gene expression noise to topology and to time scales of the gene network. We distinguish between two situations referred to as normal and inverted time hierarchies. The noise can be buffered by network feedback in the first situation, whereas it can be topology independent in the latter.

Evaluation of the Concentration of Nonessential and Essential Elements in Chicken, Pork, and Beef Samples Produced in Brazil

Food safety is a global concern. Meat represents the most important protein source for humans. Thus, contamination of meat products by nonessential elements is a ready source of human exposure. In addition, knowledge of the concentration of essential elements is also relevant with respect to human nutrition. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration of 17 elements in pork, beef, and chicken produced in Brazil. Meat samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The estimated daily intake for nonessential elements including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and antimony (Sb) through meat consumption is below the toxicological reference values. However, high levels were detected for the nonessential element cesium (Cs), mainly in beef samples, an observation that deserves future studies to identify the source of contamination and potential adverse consequences.

Exact dynamics of single-qubit-gate fidelities under the measurement-based quantum computation scheme

Measurement-based quantum computation is an efficient model to perform universal computation. Nevertheless, theoretical questions have been raised, mainly with respect to realistic noise conditions. In order to shed some light on this issue, we evaluate the exact dynamics of some single-qubit-gate fidelities using the measurement-based quantum computation scheme when the qubits which are used as a resource interact with a common dephasing environment. We report a necessary condition for the fidelity dynamics of a general pure N-qubit state, interacting with this type of error channel, to present an oscillatory behavior, and we show that for the initial canonical cluster state, the fidelity oscillates as a function of time. This state fidelity oscillatory behavior brings significant variations to the values of the computational results of a generic gate acting on that state depending on the instants we choose to apply our set of projective measurements. As we shall see, considering some specific gates that are frequently found in the literature, the fast application of the set of projective measurements does not necessarily imply high gate fidelity, and likewise the slow application thereof does not necessarily imply low gate fidelity. Our condition for the occurrence of the fidelity oscillatory behavior shows that the oscillation presented by the cluster state is due exclusively to its initial geometry. Other states that can be used as resources for measurement-based quantum computation can present the same initial geometrical condition. Therefore, it is very important for the present scheme to know when the fidelity of a particular resource state will oscillate in time and, if this is the case, what are the best times to perform the measurements.

Endodontia no setor odontológico do HRAC-USP

A Endodontia, ramo da Odontologia que se dedica a etiologia, prevenção e tratamento das afecções que acometem o endodonto e os tecidos periradiculares, baseada na evolução tecnológica e, sobretudo nas exigências biológicas que regem o tratamento de canais radiculares é uma especialidade de suma importância na reabilitação de indivíduos que apresentam anomalias craniofaciais. Dentre as diversas etapas que compõe o tratamento endodôntico radical, várias possuem graus de dificuldade que necessitam um aprimoramento técnico cientifico diferenciado. E sua aplicabilidade em pacientes que possuem deformidades anatômicas em função das anomalias craniofaciais, muitas vezes é fator determinante para o sucesso da terapia. Podemos citar dificuldades no isolamento absoluto, tomada radiográfica, preparo biomecânico e obturação do sistema de canais radiculares. Através da apresentação de casos clínicos, será demonstrado algumas particularidades nestas etapas e o emprego de Sistemas Rotatorios na fase da Instrumentação para agilizar a terapia endodontica radical nos pacientes matriculados no HRAC

Multimodality and flexibility of stochastic gene expression

We consider a general class of mathematical models for stochastic gene expression where the transcription rate is allowed to depend on a promoter state variable that can take an arbitrary (finite) number of values. We provide the solution of the master equations in the stationary limit, based on a factorization of the stochastic transition matrix that separates timescales and relative interaction strengths, and we express its entries in terms of parameters that have a natural physical and/or biological interpretation. The solution illustrates the capacity of multiple states promoters to generate multimodal distributions of gene products, without the need for feedback. Furthermore, using the example of a three states promoter operating at low, high, and intermediate expression levels, we show that using multiple states operons will typically lead to a significant reduction of noise in the system. The underlying mechanism is that a three-states promoter can change its level of expression from low to high by passing through an intermediate state with a much smaller increase of fluctuations than by means of a direct transition.

Enfermedades de la pobreza en trabajadores golondrinas del departamento de San Rafael

A nivel mundial según la OMS (Organización Mundial de la Salud) existe un aumento de casos de tuberculosis, Mal de Chagas y Hepatitis sobre todo en países en donde les es difícil evitar el ingreso de trabajadores golondrinas. Se trata de trabajadores que provienen de países pobres con una mala alimentación y programas de vacunación deficientes. El departamento de San Rafael Mendoza no esta exento de esta situación, el trabajo migrante (Trabajadores Golondrinas) en San Rafael, comienza, conjuntamente con el inicio de la cosecha de frutas y hortalizas desde el mes de Diciembre en adelante, prolongándose su estadía hasta la vendimia , en algunos casos , continua con las cosecha de aceitunas. Estos grupos según el Jefe de Inspectores de la Subsecretaria y Seguridad Social Delegación. San Rafael, son aproximadamente entre mil doscientos a mil quinientos trabajadores, que van llegando en forma aislada y en grupos provenientes de en su mayoría del norte argentino como así también de nacionalidad boliviana y paraguayos. Grupos más pequeños se quedan en zona rurales de plantaciones de ajos, hortalizas trabajando también en hornos de ladrillos, produciendo asentamientos en construcciones totalmente precarias, viviendo en hacinamientos; con mala alimentación e higiene inadecuada lo que facilita la proliferación de las conocidas como Enfermedades de la Pobreza. En el Departamento de San Rafael los trabajadores golondrinas se asientan principalmente en los Distritos de Villa Atuel, Cañada Seca y La Llave. Esta situación de debe principalmente a los siguientes factores: - Posibilidad de actuar como mano de obra barata. - Centros de producción de ladrillos. (hornos). 2 - La falta de exigencia por parte de los trabajadores golondrinas de condiciones dignas en las viviendas a ocupar. Al contrario de otras zonas de la provincia en donde los empleadores son propietarios de fincas o empresas agrícolas, los mismos compatriotas de los trabajadores golondrinas son quienes los traen y los contratan para tener mano de obra barata que habrá de ser alojada en condiciones precarias, viviendas que en el mejor de los casos será de adobe y techos de paja, sanitarios inexistentes, falta de agua potable y hacinamiento. Estas condiciones sumadas a enfermedades preexistentes forman un caldo de cultivo ideal para el desarrollo de las llamadas Enfermedades de la Pobreza. Instrumentar acciones destinadas a combatir esta situación se ven dificultadas por la falta de control por parte de organismos que tienen competencia en inmigración y salud (Gendarmería, Dirección de Migraciones, Área Departamental de Salud, Secretaria de Trabajo, etc.) esta falta de control no se debe a ineficiencia sino fundamentalmente a la falta de políticas coordinadas y de medios para llevarlas a cabo. Una de las últimas acciones llevadas a cabo en este sentido es un Congreso llevado a cabo en la Provincia de Mendoza en el año 2009 y en el cual se obtiene como resultado que en próximas reuniones se comenzaran a considerar acciones coordinadas en este sentido. Carecemos de datos estadísticos que nos permitan corroborar aquellos datos que la realidad nos muestra, y la obtención de los mismos se ve dificultada por: - La población objeto de este estudio no concurre habitualmente al hospital ni a los centros de salud. - La dificultad de acceder a los trabajadores por la negativa de los empleadores a facilitar este contacto. 3 - Por el temor de los trabajadores y sus familias a ser entrevistados y que como consecuencia de ello tener problemas con los inspectores de la Sub Secretaría de Trabajo y las autoridades de Gendarmería. Para emprender esta investigación, se debió apelar a recursos en gran medida “informales", medio de movilidad propio de los autores de la investigación y no apto para transitar por las zonas de asentamiento, personal que colaboro integrado por una agente sanitario y por un integrante de la comunidad boliviana. El lenguaje a utilizar también se convirtió en una barrera importante ya que en gran medida los trabajadores utilizan su lengua materna o de origen, que es el quechua y además desconocen términos específicos referidos a enfermedades y sintomatología de las distintas enfermedades. La imposibilidad de un control efectivo, el desconocimiento de datos estadísticos sobre las llamadas Enfermedades de la Pobreza, contribuyen en forma conjunta con los otros factores como hacinamiento, mala alimentación, falta de atención sanitaria, etc. a potenciar la posibilidad de que la población objeto de este estudio no solo aumente sus padecimientos sino que se convierta en un vector importante de estas enfermedades.

Trabajo social y precarización laboral

A partir del análisis efectuado en este trabajo se partirá de la pobreza como tema general y se tomará el trabajo como la condición humana indispensable para generar recursos económicos que permiten elevar la calidad de vida de las personas. A partir de allí se podrá comprender bajo que condiciones laborales se encuentran los obreros que trabajan en los hornos de ladrillo y su impacto en las condiciones de vida de los mismos. En este análisis se tomará el concepto sobre la pobreza, analizándola desde la óptica del trabajo como eje central que permitirá comprender las condiciones de vida de los obreros que trabajan en los hornos de ladrillo de El Algarrobal. Al plantear al sujeto con necesidades básicas insatisfechas, se tomó el ingreso producto del trabajo, que le permite contar con recursos económicos para satisfacer las mismas. Sin salario o ingreso ningún ser humano puede vivir o subsistir dignamente, esta situación le dificulta su desarrollo individual y social. De ahí la importancia que le presta la tesista al trabajo – ingreso.

Formas de sociabilidad en torno a una experiencia de microcrédito

En las últimas décadas los sectores populares en Argentina han experimentado transformaciones producto de la reestructuración del orden social. Estos cambios afectaron sus modos de integración social, su relación con el Estado, el mundo del trabajo y el barrio. En este contexto, la presente tesina tiene como objetivo analizar las formas de sociabilidad, así como también las prácticas y representaciones sociales en un grupo de vecinas que reciben un microcrédito Grameen a través de una Organización No Gubernamental (ONG) local. La mirada puesta en los modos de relacionarse del grupo de vecinas, los entramados de sentido, la producción de criterios de funcionamiento y el vínculo con la ONG nos permite aportar a la comprensión de las lógicas de acción en los sectores populares a partir de su participación en organizaciones con anclaje territorial. La presente investigación cualitativa se llevó a cabo durante el año 2010 y principios de 2011, mediante las técnicas de observación participante y entrevistas semi-estructuradas a vecinas de la localidad de Los Hornos (La Plata) que reciben un microcrédito por el cual se reúnen semanalmente en un club barrial

De siderúrgica a turística : Breve historia ocupacional de la ciudad de Palpalá (Jujuy-Argentina)

The growth of Palpalá City (Province of Jujuy, argentina) since the 1940s, is linked to altos Hornos Zapla (ahz) the state-owned steel and iron company whose privatization in the early 1990s as part of the external three-sided opening, privatizations and deregulation which characterized convertibility, meant large changes in the local economic structure. In the 1950s, this city was identified by the town hall as 'mother of Industries' ('madre de Industrias'), whereas today, the municipal slogan is 'City of Tourism' ('Ciudad Turística'). Recovering the recent occupational history of this city meets the need to know the labor and socioeconomic reality of this urban area in the Province of Jujuy, about which information is rare. Although it is included in the Home Survey?s sample, it is shown in blocks, making the information very limited. It is paradigmaticin this city to study the means chosen to try to overcome the traumatic shock that ahz's privatization meant, to analyze the policies developed and evaluate their results, some years after their application. In Palpalá, a local development strategy was applied, with a strong impulse to micro-businesses, following, somehow, the model postulated at national level, what will allow us to know the local reality better, as well as the regional and national realities for its characteristics. The methodology used in this work ('From iron and steel industry to tourist city. Brief occupational history of Palpala city) was the bibliographic research of the rare existing studies, interviews to qualified informers as well as the use of secondary data sources, such as data from different national Censuses. To conclude, it can be said that due to the crisis of the 1990s and its state reducing plan, those who suffered its consequences less are, paradoxically, those who are still related to state jobs. In Palpalá, when ahz was privatized and the buyer company failed to fulfill its contract duly, leaving a great number of the local people unemployed, it was the municipal government who had to assume the responsibility of an answer ( in this case, through training, credit and/or counseling to micro-businessmen) In the last years, however, the possibility to work in informal activities has become important in Palpalá, with a high percentage of people working in city fairs selling different kinds of goods. although the change in the model in the recent years has allowed the reactivation in different areas, a preliminary evaluation is that the improvement does not seem to have reached the core of excluded and marginalized of the previous decade