Machine learning algorithms for spatial data. Case studies: Environmental pollution, natural hazards, renewable resources

This paper presents general problems and approaches for the spatial data analysis using machine learning algorithms. Machine learning is a very powerful approach to adaptive data analysis, modelling and visualisation. The key feature of the machine learning algorithms is that they learn from empirical data and can be used in cases when the modelled environmental phenomena are hidden, nonlinear, noisy and highly variable in space and in time. Most of the machines learning algorithms are universal and adaptive modelling tools developed to solve basic problems of learning from data: classification/pattern recognition, regression/mapping and probability density modelling. In the present report some of the widely used machine learning algorithms, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) of different architectures and Support Vector Machines (SVM), are adapted to the problems of the analysis and modelling of geo-spatial data. Machine learning algorithms have an important advantage over traditional models of spatial statistics when problems are considered in a high dimensional geo-feature spaces, when the dimension of space exceeds 5. Such features are usually generated, for example, from digital elevation models, remote sensing images, etc. An important extension of models concerns considering of real space constrains like geomorphology, networks, and other natural structures. Recent developments in semi-supervised learning can improve modelling of environmental phenomena taking into account on geo-manifolds. An important part of the study deals with the analysis of relevant variables and models' inputs. This problem is approached by using different feature selection/feature extraction nonlinear tools. To demonstrate the application of machine learning algorithms several interesting case studies are considered: digital soil mapping using SVM, automatic mapping of soil and water system pollution using ANN; natural hazards risk analysis (avalanches, landslides), assessments of renewable resources (wind fields) with SVM and ANN models, etc. The dimensionality of spaces considered varies from 2 to more than 30. Figures 1, 2, 3 demonstrate some results of the studies and their outputs. Finally, the results of environmental mapping are discussed and compared with traditional models of geostatistics.

Long-Stay Activity Statistics 2012

This report presents data collected through a survey of long-stay units in 2012. The aim of the survey is to provide statistics on the number of beds available for long-term care, how the beds are used and the types of patients who occupy these beds.In order to present the data this report has been divided into a number of sections. This introductory section examines how data was collected and analysed and gives a summary of the results. Long-Stay Activity Statistics 2012  

Health Statistics 2005

The four key principles guiding the development of the Health Strategy (2001): Quality and Fairness: A Health System for You are equity, people-centredness, quality and accountability. Statistical information is fundamental to the delivery of each of these principles. This compendium of health statistics brings together data from a wide variety of sources on demography, health status and the delivery of health services. It provides a broad overview of health in Ireland as well as serving as a resource and reference for those interested in particular aspects of health and thehealth services. Read the Statistics report (PDF, 4.1mb)

Geo Tools Android : eines geogràfiques per Android

En aquest treball es fa un anàlisi de l'aplicació OSMDroid i d'altres aplicacions i llibreries SIG rellevants per al sistema operatiu Android.

Introduction to Basic Health Care Statistics

A video summary by Catherine Comiskey

Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet, England 2006

This is a statistical bulletin from the Information Centre which presents a range of information on obesity, physical activity and diet, drawn together from a variety of sources. The topics covered include: overweight and obesity prevalence among adults and children physical activity levels among adults and children trends in purchases and consumption of food and drink, and energy intake health outcomes of being obese hospital admissions and prescriptions dispensed related to obesity. The bulletin also summarises government plans and targets in this area, as well as providing sources of further information and links to relevant documents.

Statistics on obesity, physical activity and diet: England, January 2008

This statistical report from the Information Centre presents a range of information on obesity, physical activity and diet, drawn together from a variety of sources. The publication also summarises government plans and targets in this area, as well as providing sources of further information and links to relevant documents and key sources. There are several notable additions to this, The Information Centre's second report on obesity, physical activity and diet. Waist circumference analysis has been included where possible to reflect the importance of using this measurement in conjunction with Body Mass Index (BMI) in order to identify those at increased risk of health problems associated with obesity. More regional data is presented with a greater number of tables providing government office region and Strategic Health Authority breakdowns. Where possible information at a more local level has been reported on.

Coronary heart disease statistics: 2010

This is the seventeenth edition of "Coronary Heart Disease Statistics" published by the British Heart Foundation. The series of publications aims to document the burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the United Kingdo. It also includes information on other cardiovascular conditions including stroke and heart failure and includes sections on cardiovascular risk factors.

Statistics on obesity, physical activity and diet: England - January 2008

This statistical report presents a range of information on obesity, physical activity and diet, drawn together from a variety of sources.

Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet: England, 2010

This statistical report presents a range of information on obesity, physical activity and diet, drawn together from a variety of sources. The topics covered include: Overweight and obesity prevalence among adults and children; Physical activity levels among adults and children; Trends in purchases and consumption of food and drink and energy intake; and Health outcomes of being overweight or obese. refer to the resource

Statistics on obesity, physical activity and diet: England, February 2009

The Information Centre has released a report and statistics on obesity, physical activity, and diet in England.

Overweight and Obesity in the East Midlands - Updated Statistics

This is a brief document that uses information from the Health Survey of England 2006 cited in the paper "Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet, 2008" to provide an updated account of obesity in the East Midlands. This document presents figures on the prevalence of individuals in each BMI category for males and females in the East Midlands and the other GORs (Government Office Regions) of England. It also looks at the prevalence of obesity in different age groups for children in the different GORs.