[A million football fans in a city of 120,000 inhabitants--a nightmare for emergency medicine and disaster management? Euro 2008 and the "Orange wonder of Berne"]

The 2008 European Football Championship 2008 (Euro 08) is the largest sporting event ever organized in Switzerland. One million visitors came to the city of Berne during the event and the local airport in Bern/Belp registered 261 extra flights. For each football game there were 33,000 fans in the stadium and 100,000 fans in the public viewing zones.The ambulance corps and the Department of Emergency Medicine (ED) at Inselspital, University Hospital Berne, were responsible for basic medical care and emergency medical management. Injuries and illnesses were analyzed by a standardized score (NACA score). The preparation strategy as well as costs and patient numbers are presented in detail.A total of 30 additional ambulance vehicles were used, 4,723 additional working days (one-third medical professionals) were accumulated, 662 ambulance calls were registered and 240 persons needed medical care (62% Swiss, 28% Dutch and 10% other nationalities). Among those needing treatment 51 were treated in 1 of the 4 city hospitals. No injuries with NACA grades VI and VII occurred (NACA I: 4, NACA II: 17, NACA III: 16, NACA IV: 10 and NACA V: 4 patients). The city of Berne compensated the Inselspital Bern with a total of 112,603 Euros for extra medical care costs. The largest amount was spent on security measures (50,300 Euros) and medical staff (medical doctors 22,600 Euros, nurses 29,000 Euros). Because of the poor weather and the exemplary behavior of the fans, the course of events was rather peaceful.

Color variation in museum specimens of birds: effects of stress, pigmentation, and duration of storage

Animal coloration often serves as a signal to others that may communicate traits about the individual such as toxicity, status, or quality. Colorful ornaments in many animals are often honest signals of quality assessed by mates, and different colors may beproduced by different biochemical pigments. Investigations of the mechanisms responsible for variation in color expression among birds are best when including a geographically and temporally broad sample. In order to obtain such a sample, studies such as this often use museum specimens; however, in order for museum specimens toserve as an accurate replacement, they must accurately represent living birds, or we must understand the ways in which they differ. In this thesis, I investigated the link between feather corticosterone, a hormone secreted in response to stress, and carotenoid-basedcoloration in the Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) in order to explore a mechanistic link between physiological state and color expression. Male Red-winged Blackbirds with lower feather corticosterone had significantly brighter red epaulets than birds with higher feather corticosterone, while I found no significant changes in red chroma. I also performed a methodological comparison of color change in museum specimens among different pigment types (carotenoid and psittacofulvin) and pigments in different locations in the body (feather and bill carotenoids) in order to quantify colorchange over time. Carotenoids and psittacofulvins showed significant reductions in red brightness and chroma over time in the collection, and carotenoid color changed significantly faster than psittacofulvin color. Both bill and feather carotenoids showed significant reductions in red brightness and red chroma over time, but change of both red chroma and red brightness occurred at a similar rate in feathers and bills. In order to use museum specimens of ecological research on bird coloration specimen age must be accounted for before the data can be used; however, once this is accomplished, museum- based color data may be used to draw conclusions about wild populations.

Anger and fear: Separable effects of emotion and motivational direction on somatovisceral responses.

We studied whether emotion (anger vs. fear) and motivational direction (approach vs. withdrawal) have specific, separable, and independent somatovisceral response patterns. Imagination scripts about soccer game episodes with crossed Emotion x Motivational Direction content resulting in four experimental groups were presented to a total of N = 118 active soccer players. Self-reports reflected the emotion but not the motivational direction induction. Univariate and multivariate analyses of 24 somatovisceral variables and 2 a priori defined summary variables showed that anger and fear had specific response profiles with effect sizes correlating r = 0.53 with the respective effect sizes from a previous study. Approach and withdrawal profiles varied only in intensity. Emotion and motivational direction did not interact and had independent somatovisceral effects. Results suggest that anger and fear have separate underlying neurobiological organizations each capable of bi-directional motivational tuning of efferent pathways. Results support the Component Model of Somatovisceral Response Organization.

Political institutions and policy outcomes : effects of presidential vetoes on budget making

The article examines how the power distribution between the executive and the legislature under the Presidential system affects policy outcomes. We focus in particular on the presidential veto, both package and partial. Using a simple game theory model, we show that the presidential partial veto generally yields a result in favor of the President, but that such effects vary depending on the reversion points of the package veto and the Congress's possible use of sanctions against the President. The effects of the Presidential partial veto diminish if the reversion point meets certain conditions, or if the Congress has no power to impose sufficient sanctions on the President when the President revises the outcome ex-post. To clarify and explain the model, we present the case of budget making in the Philippines between 1994 and 2008. In the Philippines, the presidential partial veto has been bringing expenditure programs closer to the President's ideal point within what may be called the Congress's indifference curve. The Congress, however, has not always passed budget bills and from time to time has carried over the previous year's budget, in years when the budget deficit increased. This is the situation that the policy makers cannot retrieve from the reversion point.

Architecture as a game field. House of would

Artículo del proyecto House of Would del estudio Elii en la revista Panorama

Earth, sea and sky, or, Marvels of the universe : being a full and graphic description of all that is wonderful in every continent of the globe, in the world of waters and the starry heavens; containing thrilling adventures on land and sea ...; embracing the striking physical features of the earth, the peculiar characteristics of the human race, of animals, birds, insects, etc., including a vivid description of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans and of the polar seas ...; together with the amazing phenomena of the solar and starry systems; the whole comprising a vast treasury of all that is marvelous and wonderful in the earth, sea, air, and skies /

Binding: blue cover, intricate illustrations in red and gilt on front cover and spine, marbled edges, floral endpapers

A natural history of birds : most of which have not been figured or described, and others very little known, from obscure ... : containing the figures of sixty-one birds and two quadrupedes ...: to wich is added, an appendix, by way of illustration : part II /

Forma parte de la obra completa: "A natural history of uncommon birds, and of some other rare and undescribed animals ..."

The birds of New England and adjacent states : ... arranged by a long-approved classification and nomenclature ... with illustrations of many species of the birds and accurate figures of their nests and eggs /

Mode of access: Internet.

Garden and aviary birds of India,

Mode of access: Internet.

Birds around New York city, where and when to find them, by Allan D. Cruickshank, with the cooperation of the Department of ornithology of the American museum of natural history, and the Linnaean society of New York, with photographs by the author.

Maps on lining-papers.

Observations of the naturalhistory of the swallowtribe : with collateral statement of facts relative to their migration, and to their brvmal torpidity : and a copivs table of reference to avthors : illustrated by figures of five species, engraved on wood, by Willis : to which is added, A general catalogue of British birds, with the provincial names for each, &c. &c. &c. /

Original (?) blue paper front cover with printed label, Forster on the swallow, bound in.

The international formulary. a formulary handbook for the dispensary and manufacture of domestic remedies on every variety and for the treatment of diseases of the horse, cattle, sheep, swine, cat and dog, poultry and birds /

Includes indexes.

A metrical version of The Acharnians, The Knights and The Birds,

Mode of access: Internet.

Injurious insects and useful birds, successful control of farm pests,

Mode of access: Internet.