969 resultados para GILLES
Resumo:
When a hand-held object is moved, grip and load force are accurately coordinated for establishing grasp stability. In the present work, the question was raised whether patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS), who show tic-like movements, are impaired in grip-load force control when executing a manipulative task. To this end, we assessed force regulation during action patterns that required rhythmical unimanual or bimanual (iso-directional/anti-directional) movements. Results showed that the profile of grip-load force ratio was characterized by maxima and minima that were realized at upward and downward hand positions, respectively. TS patients showed increased force ratios during unimanual and bimanual movements, compared with control subjects, indicative of an inaccurate specification of the precision grip. Functional imaging data complemented the behavioural results and revealed that secondary motor areas showed no (or greatly reduced) activation in TS patients when executing the movement tasks as compared with baseline conditions. This indicates that the metabolic level in the secondary motor areas was equal during rest and task performance. At the neuronal level, this observation suggests that these cortical areas were continuously involved in movement preparation. Based on these data, we conclude that the ongoing activation of secondary motor areas may be explained by the TS patients' involuntary urges to move. Accordingly, interference will prevent an accurate planning of voluntary behaviour. Together, these findings reveal modulations in movement organization in patients with TS and exemplify degrading consequences for manual function.
Resumo:
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of motor and vocal tics. We hypothesized that patients with this syndrome would present an aberrant pattern of cortical formation, which could potentially reflect global alterations of brain development. Using 3 Tesla structural neuroimaging, we compared sulcal depth, opening, and length and thickness of sulcal gray matter in 52 adult patients and 52 matched controls. Cortical sulci were automatically reconstructed and identified over the whole brain, using BrainVisa software. We focused on frontal, parietal, and temporal cortical regions, in which abnormal structure and functional activity were identified in previous neuroimaging studies. Partial correlation analysis with age, sex, and treatment as covariables of noninterest was performed amongst relevant clinical and neuroimaging variables in patients. Patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome showed lower depth and reduced thickness of gray matter in the pre- and post-central as well as superior, inferior, and internal frontal sulci. In patients with associated obsessive-compulsive disorder, additional structural changes were found in temporal, insular, and olfactory sulci. Crucially, severity of tics and of obsessive-compulsive disorder measured by Yale Global Tic severity scale and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale, respectively, correlated with structural sulcal changes in sensorimotor, temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and middle cingulate cortical areas. Patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome displayed an abnormal structural pattern of cortical sulci, which correlated with severity of clinical symptoms. Our results provide further evidence of abnormal brain development in GTS. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Resumo:
Fil: Prósperi, Germán. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Resumo:
Este trabajo investiga el aporte de Gilles Deleuze al debate contemporáneo en torno al biopoder. En primer lugar, analizamos su interpretación de la concepción foucaulteana de la biopolítica, en particular la matriz vitalista de su lectura, y examinamos su impacto en la distinción entre "biopoder" y "biopolítica" de ciertos autores (Lazzarato, Negri, Revel). Luego, relevamos la presencia de nociones deleuzeanas en otras perspectivas (lo "impersonal" en Esposito, la "sociedad de control" en Negri). Finalmente, proponemos renovar las tensiones fundamentales del debate acerca de la vida, la política, el lenguaje y la condición del hombre, sirviéndonos de conceptos elaborados por Deleuze
Resumo:
Este trabajo investiga el aporte de Gilles Deleuze al debate contemporáneo en torno al biopoder. En primer lugar, analizamos su interpretación de la concepción foucaulteana de la biopolítica, en particular la matriz vitalista de su lectura, y examinamos su impacto en la distinción entre "biopoder" y "biopolítica" de ciertos autores (Lazzarato, Negri, Revel). Luego, relevamos la presencia de nociones deleuzeanas en otras perspectivas (lo "impersonal" en Esposito, la "sociedad de control" en Negri). Finalmente, proponemos renovar las tensiones fundamentales del debate acerca de la vida, la política, el lenguaje y la condición del hombre, sirviéndonos de conceptos elaborados por Deleuze
Resumo:
Fil: Prósperi, Germán. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Resumo:
Este trabajo investiga el aporte de Gilles Deleuze al debate contemporáneo en torno al biopoder. En primer lugar, analizamos su interpretación de la concepción foucaulteana de la biopolítica, en particular la matriz vitalista de su lectura, y examinamos su impacto en la distinción entre "biopoder" y "biopolítica" de ciertos autores (Lazzarato, Negri, Revel). Luego, relevamos la presencia de nociones deleuzeanas en otras perspectivas (lo "impersonal" en Esposito, la "sociedad de control" en Negri). Finalmente, proponemos renovar las tensiones fundamentales del debate acerca de la vida, la política, el lenguaje y la condición del hombre, sirviéndonos de conceptos elaborados por Deleuze
