Baseline test of compact vehicle side structure, 35 mph, 90 degree impact, Torino-to-Volare, test no. 9. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Basic research in crashworthiness II - low speed impact tests of unmodified vehicles. Interim technical report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Basic research in crashworthiness II - low speed impact tests of modified vehicles. Interim technical report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Light truck aggressivity study - test report 5: car-to-car rear-end impact test. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Van crashworthiness and aggressivity study. Test report I: van-to-NHTSA fixed test device head-on impact tests. Volume I. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Impact tests of human subjects using a prototype air bag restraint system. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Parametric study of side impact vehicle aggressiveness.

Mode of access: Internet.

Impact tests of a near-production air cushion restraint. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Vehicle Structures Research, Washington, D.C.

Pickup and van side structure baseline assessment test no. 4 - vehicle-to-vehicle 60 degree right side impact. Task 3. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Research safety vehicle - phase II. Volume IIIb: subcontractor final reports.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Impact tests of a near-production air cushion restraint.

Mode of access: Internet.

Applicability of experience from laboratory reactors with biological phosphorus removal in full-scale plants

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) has been used at many wastewater treatment plants all over the world for many years. In this study a full-scale sludge with good EBPR was tested with P-release batch tests and combined FISH/MAR (fluorescence in situ hybridisation and microautoradiography). Proposed models of PAOs and GAOs (polyphosphate- and glycogen-accumulating organisms) and microbial methods suggested from studies of laboratory reactors were found to be applicable also on sludge from full-scale plants. Dependency of pH and the uptake of both acetate and propionate were studied and used for calculations for verifying the models and results from microbial methods. All rates found from the batch tests with acetate were higher than in the batch tests with propionate, which was explained by the finding that only those parts of the bacterial community that were able to take up acetate anaerobically were able to take up propionate anaerobically.

A framework for experimental determination of localised vertical pedestrian forces on full-scale structures using wireless attitude and heading reference systems

A major weakness among loading models for pedestrians walking on flexible structures proposed in recent years is the various uncorroborated assumptions made in their development. This applies to spatio-temporal characteristics of pedestrian loading and the nature of multi-object interactions. To alleviate this problem, a framework for the determination of localised pedestrian forces on full-scale structures is presented using a wireless attitude and heading reference systems (AHRS). An AHRS comprises a triad of tri-axial accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers managed by a dedicated data processing unit, allowing motion in three-dimensional space to be reconstructed. A pedestrian loading model based on a single point inertial measurement from an AHRS is derived and shown to perform well against benchmark data collected on an instrumented treadmill. Unlike other models, the current model does not take any predefined form nor does it require any extrapolations as to the timing and amplitude of pedestrian loading. In order to assess correctly the influence of the moving pedestrian on behaviour of a structure, an algorithm for tracking the point of application of pedestrian force is developed based on data from a single AHRS attached to a foot. A set of controlled walking tests with a single pedestrian is conducted on a real footbridge for validation purposes. A remarkably good match between the measured and simulated bridge response is found, indeed confirming applicability of the proposed framework.