Fractais e percolação na recuperação de Petróleo

The complex behavior of a wide variety of phenomena that are of interest to physicists, chemists, and engineers has been quantitatively characterized by using the ideas of fractal and multifractal distributions, which correspond in a unique way to the geometrical shape and dynamical properties of the systems under study. In this thesis we present the Space of Fractals and the methods of Hausdorff-Besicovitch, box-counting and Scaling to calculate the fractal dimension of a set. In this Thesis we investigate also percolation phenomena in multifractal objects that are built in a simple way. The central object of our analysis is a multifractal object that we call Qmf . In these objects the multifractality comes directly from the geometric tiling. We identify some differences between percolation in the proposed multifractals and in a regular lattice. There are basically two sources of these differences. The first is related to the coordination number, c, which changes along the multifractal. The second comes from the way the weight of each cell in the multifractal affects the percolation cluster. We use many samples of finite size lattices and draw the histogram of percolating lattices against site occupation probability p. Depending on a parameter, ρ, characterizing the multifractal and the lattice size, L, the histogram can have two peaks. We observe that the probability of occupation at the percolation threshold, pc, for the multifractal is lower than that for the square lattice. We compute the fractal dimension of the percolating cluster and the critical exponent β. Despite the topological differences, we find that the percolation in a multifractal support is in the same universality class as standard percolation. The area and the number of neighbors of the blocks of Qmf show a non-trivial behavior. A general view of the object Qmf shows an anisotropy. The value of pc is a function of ρ which is related to its anisotropy. We investigate the relation between pc and the average number of neighbors of the blocks as well as the anisotropy of Qmf. In this Thesis we study likewise the distribution of shortest paths in percolation systems at the percolation threshold in two dimensions (2D). We study paths from one given point to multiple other points. In oil recovery terminology, the given single point can be mapped to an injection well (injector) and the multiple other points to production wells (producers). In the previously standard case of one injection well and one production well separated by Euclidean distance r, the distribution of shortest paths l, P(l|r), shows a power-law behavior with exponent gl = 2.14 in 2D. Here we analyze the situation of one injector and an array A of producers. Symmetric arrays of producers lead to one peak in the distribution P(l|A), the probability that the shortest path between the injector and any of the producers is l, while the asymmetric configurations lead to several peaks in the distribution. We analyze configurations in which the injector is outside and inside the set of producers. The peak in P(l|A) for the symmetric arrays decays faster than for the standard case. For very long paths all the studied arrays exhibit a power-law behavior with exponent g ∼= gl.

Detection and Identification of Abnormalities in Customer Consumptions in Power Distribution Systems

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da diversidade genética entre acessos de mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) por meio de caracteres morfoagronômicos

A divergência genética é um dos mais importantes parâmetros avaliados por melhoristas de plantas na fase inicial de um programa de melhoramento genético. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar 15 acessos de mamoneira por meio de caracteres morfoagronômicos. O experimento foi conduzido em Lavras, MG, no período de fevereiro a agosto de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, e 25 plantas por parcela. Os caracteres avaliados foram: altura da planta, altura do caule, número de internódios, diâmetro do caule e número de racemos. Verificou-se a ocorrência de diferenças significativas pelo teste de F (P < 0,01), para o efeito de acessos para todas as variáveis estudadas. Foram estimadas as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos pelo método euclidiano. de acordo com o agrupamento, utilizando o método de Tocher e o método Hierárquico do Vizinho Mais Próximo, baseado na distância euclidiana houve a formação de quatro grupos distintos. Com base nos resultados obtidos neste trabalho, recomendam-se os cruzamentos entre acessos dos grupos I e IV, II e IV, e III e IV.

Variabilidade genética de caracteres morfológicos e germinação de Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bur. (Bignoniaceae) no Município de Macapá, AP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracteres quantitativos de interesse para a determinação da variação genética em populações de Oenocarpus bacaba Mart., (Arecaceae) no Amapá

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Divergência genética entre clones de eucalipto por caracteres biométricos e fisiológicos sob deficiência hídrica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diversidade fenotípica e molecular de cultivares brasileiras de soja portadoras de gene RR

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Utilização de técnicas multivariadas na avaliação da divergência genética de populações de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Mapeamento do comportamento multivariado das principais variáveis climáticas de interesse agrícola do estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Abordagem multivariada, perfil composicional e construção de curva de calibração para predição do teor de óleo em Jatropha curcas L

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Perfil geográfico multivariado da água consumida no município de Botucatu

Pós-graduação em Biometria - IBB

Multivariate analysis of the temporal variability of sugarcane ripening in south-eastern Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Abordagem multivariada na análise de diversidade genética em cruzamentos para alto teor de óleo em soja

The soybean crop is considered a high expression around the world. In plant breeding programs, knowledge of genetic diversity is extremely important and in this context, are frequently used multivariate analyzes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic divergence between soybean crosses through multivariate techniques. In total, 16 crosses were evaluated, which were in the F2 generation of inbreeding. The evaluated characteristics were plant height at maturity, height of the first pod, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of nodes per plant, hundred seed weight, grain yield and oil content. For the analyzes was used Euclidean distance, methods of hierarchical clustering UPGMA and Ward and principal component analysis. Genetic distances estimated using Euclidean distance ranged from 1.24 to 8.13, with the smallest distance observed between crosses C1 and C4, and the greatest distance between the C2 crosses and C6. The methods UPGMA clustering and Ward met crossings in five different groups. The principal component analysis explained 86.2% of the variance contained in the original eight variables with three main components. The APM characters, NV, NR, NN, PG% and oil were the main contributors to genetic divergence among traits. Multivariate techniques were crucial to the analysis of genetic diversity, and the methods of Ward and UPGMA clustering and principal components have consistent results in this way, the simultaneous use of these tools in genetic analysis of crosses is indicated

Número mínimo de aplicações de fungicidas no controle das cercosporioses da cultura do amendoim

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Divergência genética entre árvores matrizes de Ceiba speciosa St. Hil. para características de frutos e sementes

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV