1000 resultados para Enfermagem obstétrica. Humanização da assistência. Parto humanizado
Resumo:
INTRODUÇÃO: Historicamente, a medicina caminhou paralelamente aos valores humanísticos até que as bases científico-tecnológicas desenvolvessem importantes conhecimentos, dando ao atendimento humanizado, por vezes, uma posição secundária. Apenas nas últimas décadas, vem-se pensando em maneiras de conciliá-los. Neste contexto, acadêmicos da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) criaram o MadAlegria, no qual a figura do doutor-palhaço atua no desenvolvimento da empatia e da abertura para a escuta e o diálogo com pacientes adultos por meio do lúdico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Alunos da área da saúde caracterizados como doutores-palhaços visitaram pacientes hospitalizados. Em 2011, o projeto contou com 38 voluntários que atuaram semanalmente no Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (Icesp); no ano seguinte, o projeto se expandiu para outras enfermarias do Complexo do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP (FMUSP). Paralelamente, foram realizados estudos para conhecer o impacto da atuação do doutor-palhaço sobre pacientes adultos, profissionais da saúde e alunos que participam do projeto. RESULTADOS: Os resultados preliminares de estudo com os acadêmicos sugerem que eles adquiriram habilidades de comunicação e ampliaram a visão do paciente. CONCLUSÃO: Futuras pesquisas poderão elucidar mais detalhes a respeito dos benefícios do treinamento na saúde mental dos estudantes envolvidos.
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a adequação do processo de assistência pré-natal segundo os parâmetros do Programa de Humanização do Pré-natal e Nascimento (PHPN), acrescido dos procedimentos previstos pela Rede Cegonha, no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de uma microrregião do Espírito Santo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, em 2012-2013, por meio de entrevistas e de análise do Cartão da Gestante e do prontuário do recém-nascido, com 742 puérperas em 7 maternidades da região escolhida para a pesquisa. As informações foram coletadas, processadas e submetidas aos testes do χ2 e exato de Fisher para testar a diferença de proporção entre os critérios adotados pelo PHPN mais a Rede Cegonha e o local de moradia, renda familiar mensal e modalidade de cobertura do serviço pré-natal. Foi considerado um nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Os parâmetros que apresentaram as menores taxas de adequação foram os testes rápidos e os exames de repetição, com frequências em torno de 10 e 30%, respectivamente, além das atividades educativas (57,9%) e da imunização antitetânica (58,7%). Já os parâmetros manejo do risco (92,6%) e exame de glicemia de jejum (91,3%) apresentaram os melhores resultados. Foi encontrada adequação de 7,4% para o PHPN, de 0,4% para a Rede Cegonha, no que diz respeito aos parâmetros da gravidez de risco habitual, e de 0 para os de alto risco. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as puérperas segundo local de moradia para realização de sorologia para sífilis (VDRL), teste anti-HIV e repetição de glicemia de jejum, e a renda familiar mensal influenciou a realização dos exames tipagem sanguínea/fator Rh, VDRL, hematócrito e teste anti-HIV. CONCLUSÃO: A assistência pré-natal no SUS mostrou-se inadequada, de acordo com os procedimentos previstos pelo PHPN e Rede Cegonha na microrregião de um estado do Sudeste brasileiro, principalmente para as mulheres de menor renda, usuárias do PACS e residentes na zona rural.
Resumo:
Este estudo busca compreender as dimensões do processo de cuidar na enfermagem, sob o olhar das enfermeiras, em uma realidade hospitalar. A investigação caracteriza-se como um estudo qualitativo com abordagem fenomenológica. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em um hospital geral, de médio porte, localizado em uma cidade da região norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. As participantes foram oito enfermeiras assistenciais; o instrumento utilizado para a coleta das informações foi à entrevista semi-estruturada e para a análise dos discursos utilizou-se a hermenêutica de Paul Ricoeur. As dimensões do processo de cuidar na enfermagem desvelaram os seguintes temas e subtemas: o mundo do cuidado: organização, gerenciamento e competência técnica; o processo de enfermagem; a humanização do cuidado: estar com o ser cuidado no mundo do cuidado, respeitando o ser cuidado na sua singularidade, construindo uma relação dialógica e (des)conhecendo o cuidado humanizado; o estar com o cuidador no mundo do cuidado: o ser aí do cuidador de enfermagem, compartilhando tomadas de decisões, compartilhando saberes e construindo uma relação de cuidado; o vir-aser no mundo do cuidado. Ao compreender as dimensões do processo de cuidar na enfermagem, desvelou-se o mundo do cuidado vivido pelas enfermeiras na instituição pesquisada, caracterizado por ser um ambiente com nuanças próprias, no qual o processo de cuidar se apresentou multifacetado. O encontro de cuidado autêntico entre os seres que ali coabitavam se manifestou a partir da compreensão do ser humano enquanto ser único, capaz de compartilhar suas vivências e experiências no cotidiano de cuidado.
Resumo:
MORAES, Maísa Suares Teixeira; ROLIM, Lariane Thays Albuquerque; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz; FARIAS, Glaucea Maciel de; DAVIM, Rejane Marie Barbosa. Applicability of non-pharmacological strategies for pain relief in parturient: integrative review. Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line, v.4, n.especial, p.131-136, May/June 2010. Disponivel em:< http://www.ufpe.br/revistaenfermagem/index.php/revista/>.
Resumo:
Objetivou-se compreender a humanização do atendimento à criança na Atenção Básica na visão dos profissionais. Estudo qualitativo, realizado em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de Natal-RN, Brasil. Dezesseis profissionais responderam a um formulário contendo questões referentes ao atendimento à criança, à humanização e às práticas realizadas para humanizar o atendimento. Os dados foram categorizados por temas e analisados a partir dos princípios da Política Nacional de Humanização. Para os profissionais, humanizar o atendimento envolve acolher, escutar, aconselhar sobre o que está sendo realizado com a criança, valorizar a família, e tornar o sujeito ativo no atendimento, mesmo que de forma incipiente. A maioria dos profissionais descreveu atendimento que valorizava parte dos princípios da política de humanização, mesmo com dificuldades para implementá-los na rotina. Requer, portanto, estímulos e atualização dos profissionais para uma postura autocrítica sobre o atendimento
Resumo:
This ethnographic work studies the experiences of patients admitted in public (PUH) and private (PRH) hospitals in the Brazilian northeastern region. 28 adult patients of different clinics participated in the study. Data were analyzed by the patient path method, consisting in a combination of complemented and articulated techniques free observation, participating observation, ethnographic interview and patient testimonials collected prospectively during the patients admissions, from their arrival and until their discharge. The analysis was carried out according to the Thematic Categories Analysis Technique and the data were interpreted pursuant to medical anthropology, healthcare humanization and healthcare promotion theoretical references. The ethical principles of Resolution 196/96 were followed. The human hospital, as revealed by the patient, highlights the significance of subjectivity. 225 (54.7%) out of 411 mentioned concepts were collected in a public hospital (PUH) and 186 (45.3%) in a private institution (PRH). The results show that the patient at the PUH and PRH ethnoevaluates different aspects of the healthcare professionals´ human and technical competence, the hospital´s functioning structure, the access to and the ethics in the financial management, and develops overcoming strategies for his stay at the hospital. This ethnoevaluation is mediated by different factors, namely: social and economic status, personality, religiosity, ironic speech, somber diagnosis and satisfied needs, prior hospital experiences and the conditions under which the interview was carried out. A pedagogic proposal for the hospital humanization must include structural, managerial and organizational changes of the offered services and use active methodologies aimed to the political resolution of problematic situations at work and the inclusion of affective and subjective factors, and become as well a tool for the collective learning. This study shows the importance for the user´s ethnoevaluation to be incorporated into the hospital management and care as a guideline in the decision making and clinical action, thus promoting practices that shall lead to a decent and humanized care. The multidisciplinary nature of this study allowed a wide understanding of the user´s perspective as a socially critical ethnoevaluator
Significados e percepções do homem diante da gravidez de sua companheira com síndromes hipertensivas
Resumo:
The general aim of the research was to comprehend the Social Representations constructed by the man in the face of his companion s risk pregnancy caused by hypertensive syndromes. The study is of exploratory and descriptive character in a qualitative approach developed at two public maternity hospitals, both located in Natal-RN, with 65 men whose wives had undergone high-risk pregnancy. The project was submitted to the Ethics on Research Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (CEP-UFRN), with favorable report no. 81/07. For data collection, the following multimethods were employed: a word free association test; a projective test for registering mental images; and a semistructured interview schedule. The speech contents were analyzed in accordance with the Theory of Social Representations and complemented by the Central Nucleus Theory. The discussion of the results was grounded on literary findings of the companion s participation in pregnancy as well as in risk pregnancy associated with hypertensive syndromes. The data showed fear as representation s central nucleus, while recollections of that feeling referred to death of both companion and child in addition to fear of the unknown. The categories preoccupation and carefulness, other feelings, and clinical picture of the disease represented components of the peripheral nucleus. The results concerning mental images followed the same category criteria of the word free association test fear, other feelings, preoccupation, carefulness, and clinical picture of the disease. After being processed in accordance with the principles of content analysis, the statements originated three thematic unities: fear and insecurity in the presence of the companion s risk pregnancy; attitudes of carefulness to the risk pregnancy of the partner; and humanized assistance during the companion s risk pregnancy. Considering the results, the conclusion is that the partner s risk pregnancy caused by hypertensive syndromes represents, for the man, feelings of fear, preoccupation, insecurity, lack of acceptance and information, as well as attitudes of carefulness. The results reveal necessity of reorganizing the obstetric assistance with an eye to including the man as participant in the reproductive process. That demands extension of humanized carefulness to the companion with a view to make him an active coadjutor in the assistance of high-risk pregnant
Resumo:
After the birth of a child, during the post-partum period, the exercise of fatherhood, the sexual relationships either marital or sexual as well as the definition of the male role are all aspects that can change. These changes are guarded and can contribute to strengthen the familiar bond or deprive it. Thus, this study aims to understand the male experience during the partner s puerperal period. In this period, the male interacts and participates according to his understanding of the post-partum period. The male experiences different situations with his partner, family and social environment. This research is descriptive-exploratory and has a qualitative approach. It was developed with 15 men that live with their live with their partners during the puerperal period. The data was collected through a semi-structured interview. These data was treated according to content analysis proposed by Bardin. These were analyzed through Symbolic Interacionism according to Blumer. Thus, three themes emergedshares of care in the home environment, meanings attributed to the puerperium, emotions emerged during the post-partum - the seven subcategories-taking care of the wife and child, supporting the family, moment to rest, fulfillment through fatherhood, sense of joy, feeling of concern and sense of exclusion. It was seen that the subjects experience post-partum mainly by taking care of their partner and child and providing support of the family. Besides the mentioned aspects, there was meaning attributed to the puerperal period, considering it a period of rest for the partner and above all, fatherhood. Thus, even understanding that it is excluded, the subjects expressed joy and worriness towards the child s future, related to the insecurity in which the country goes through in current conjuncture
Resumo:
This research aimed to understand pregnant general meaning about consort absence in prenatal care. It s an exploratory and descriptive qualitative approach, developed at Centro de Saúde de Jardim Lola, São Gonçalo do Amarante / RN. Participated in investigation 20 pregnant enrolled in prenatal program, their aged over 18 years, guidance of mental faculties and who survive together her partner. Data were collected from March to May 2009, through semi-structured interview. The analysis was processed according to grounded theory and symbolic interactionism as theoretical and methodological references. To support discussions were used literature findings involving political aspects of women humanization in health care and gender relations within family. Following footsteps of points it were adopted derived following sub categories: ¨Realizing involvement of consort during prenatal¨, ¨Expressing feelings during prenatal¨ and ¨Manifesting attitudes during prenatal period¨. These, when they had their properties and dimensions analyzed, resulted in the main category ¨ Experiencing absence of compeer in clinical prenatal¨. The construction of this theory leads to conclusion that women understand absence of her partner, attributing this to even work at the moment prenatal care or does not like to attend health institutions. However, this does not mean that his presence is dismissed, because desire to be with him in prenatal care was mentioned by most interviewees. So, partner absent at time, leads women to experience desires, feelings, attitudes, perceptions and expectations about studied phenomenon. This reality, induce that absence of them partner in prenatal care predisposes women to strengthening of discomforts arising from pregnancy and therefore goes against wellbeing of pregnant, and ensure the possibility of marital discord. This requires professional nursing measures to get in inclusion of partner in daily pre-natal care in humanization perspective.
Resumo:
The creation of the Humanization Program of Hospital Care and the increasing number of academic works and journal articles that discuss more humane practices in the health care services express the emphasis given to the theme in Brazil. In these discussions, however, it is not usual to find reference to architecture as a relevant factor in the humanization of hospitals, even though it is known that the physical structure of the building may help the recovering of the patients; elements such as gardens, the use of colors and open spaces may soften the impact caused by the hospital routine on patients. Considering the contribution the architectural project may bring to the humanization of hospitals, the aim of this study was to verify how the architects perceive the hospital humanization process. Besides having searched for subsides in informal interviews with health professionals, in visits to hospitals and in related seminars, the study was based on semi-structured interviews with architects of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, who are specialists in this kind of projects. The content analysis of the interviews showed that physical space and attendance are essential to the humanization process. Those professionals see two humanization tendencies: while private hospitals have the structural physical appearance considered as humanized, public hospitals emphasize the humanization in attendance, fact that illustrates the contradictions in Brazilian health system. The interviewees consider the post-occupancy evaluation of the building as a learning exercise that contributes to new projects, but surprisingly they do not mention the patients opinion as part of it. Two annoying facts have emerged from the interviews, as also seen in preliminary stages of the study: rare are the works that focus on the person-environment relationship, and the definition of humanized hospital environments is still broad and inaccurate. This suggests the need of new studies in order to better understand how the two factors shown in this study attendance and physical space interact towards a true hospital humanization
Resumo:
OBJETIVOS: avaliar percepções e sentimentos de puérperas adultas e adolescentes, relacionados ao filho e a assistência materno-infantil, em hospital universitário de nível terciário. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, envolvendo 180 puérperas, no Alojamento Conjunto (AC) e no Berçário Interno (BI) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu , entrevistadas no segundo e terceiro dia pós-parto e distribuídas em três grupos: adultas primíparas, adultas multíparas e adolescentes. Para comparação entre grupos e locais de internação utilizou-se o chi2 ou teste de Fisher. RESULTADOS: ultrasom obstétrico e cardiotocografia tiveram impacto positivo na emoção materna. Houve pouca diferença entre os grupos quanto aos sentimentos antes e após o parto, sendo felicidade, amor, responsabilidade, ansiedade e medo os mais freqüentes. A culpa predominou nas adolescentes do BI. As percepções relacionadas ao filho, a avaliação da assistência e equipe, não diferiram entre adultas e adolescentes. Nas duas enfermarias o relacionamento entre mães e cuidadores foi bom, as mães mostraram-se satisfeitas com a equipe e a assistência, mas o aleitamento materno foi pouco valorizado e poucas mães conheciam o médico. CONCLUSÕES: está ocorrendo um processo de humanização na assistência materno-infantil deste hospital universitário, mas alguns aspectos precisam ser melhorados, especialmente a valorização do aleitamento materno e a individualização no contato médico-paciente.
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB