Parsing executive processes: Strategic vs. evaluative functions of the anterior cingulate cortex

Event-related functional MRI and a version of the Stroop color naming task were used to test two conflicting theories of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) function during executive processes of cognition. A response-related increase in ACC activity was present when strategic processes were less engaged, and conflict high, but not when strategic processes were engaged and conflict reduced. This is inconsistent with the widely held view that the ACC implements strategic processes to reduce cognitive conflicts, such as response competition. Instead, it suggests that the ACC serves an evaluative function, detecting cognitive states such as response competition, which may lead to poor performance, and representing the knowledge that strategic processes need to be engaged.

prlA suppressors in Escherichia coli relieve the proton electrochemical gradient dependency of translocation of wild-type precursors.

The SecY protein of Escherichia coli is an integral membrane component of the protein export apparatus. Suppressor mutations in the secY gene (prlA alleles) have been isolated that restore the secretion of precursor proteins with defective signal sequences. These mutations have never been shown to affect the translocation of wild-type precursor proteins. Here, we report that prlA suppressor mutations relieve the proton-motive force (pmf) dependency of the translocation of wild-type precursors, both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the proton-motive force dependency of the translocation of a precursor with a stably folded domain in the mature region was suppressed by prlA mutations in vitro. These data show that prlA mutations cause a general relaxation of the export apparatus rather than a specific change that results in bypassing of the recognition of the signal sequence. In addition, these results are indicative for a mechanism in which the proton-motive force stimulates translocation by altering the conformation of the translocon.

Measuring Dependency Ratios using National Transfer Accounts. CEPS Working Document No. 420/April 2016

It is now widely recognised that the socio-economic changes that ageing societies will bring about are poorly captured by the traditional demographic dependency ratios (DDRs), such as the old-age dependency ratio that relates the number of people aged 65+ to the working-age population. Future older generations will have increasingly better health and are likely to work longer. By combining population projections and National Transfer Accounts (NTA) data for seven European countries, we project the quantitative impact of ageing on public finances until 2040 and compare it to projected DDRs. We then simulate the public finance impact of changes in three key indicators related to the policy responses to population ageing: net immigration, healthy ageing and longer working lives. We do this by linking age-specific public health transfers and labour market participation rates to changes in mortality. Four main findings emerge: first, the simple old-age dependency ratio overestimates the future public finance challenges faced by the countries studied – significantly so for some countries, e.g. Austria, Finland and Hungary. Second, healthy ageing has a modest effect (on public finances) except in the case of Sweden, where it is substantial. Third, the long-run effect of immigration is well captured by the simple DDR measure if immigrants are similar to the native population. Finally, increasing the length of working lives is central to addressing the public finance challenge of ageing. Extending the length of working lives by three to four years over the next 25 years – equivalent to the increase in life expectancy – severely limits the impact of ageing on public transfers.

The automatic generation of deterministic parsing algorithms /

ILIAC IV document no. 248

The generation of a deterministic parsing algorithm.

"Supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency ... under Contract no. US AF 30(602) 4144."

A graph-structure transformation model for picture parsing,

"COO-2118-0031."

Algorithms for parsing search queries in inverted file document retrieval systems /

Includes bibliographical references.

The principles of English grammar; comprisng the substance of the most approved English grammars extant, with copious exercises in parsing and syntax; a new ed., rev., re-arranged and improved.

Mode of access: Internet.

A grammar of the English language : for the use of schools and academies. With copius parsing exercises. /

Includes bibliographical references.

The principles of English grammar. With copious exercises in parsing and syntax.

Mode of access: Internet.

The principles of English grammar, unfolded to learners by a new method, in a strictly progressive order, with copious exercises for parsing and analysis.

Mode of access: Internet.

The principles of English grammar : comprising the substance of the most approved English grammars extant, with copious exercises in parsing and syntax ; For the use of academies and common schools ; A new edition, revised and corrected ; with an appendix of various and useful matter /

Mode of access: Internet.

Complete manual of parsing; including also a synoptical table of the system; a full ilucidation of English idioms; a discussion on words difficult to classify; and a glossary of grammatical terms.

Mode of access: Internet.