Estudo da viabilidade técnica da utilização de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada como material cimentício

A compatibilização do desenvolvimento tecnológico com desenvolvimento sustentável é um dos desafios para o meio técnico-científico nos dias atuais. Dentro deste contexto, a reciclagem de resíduos, tal como a escória de aciaria elétrica, oriunda da indústria siderúrgica e que poderá ser reciclada pela indústria cimenteira, é vista como uma oportunidade de preservação de recursos naturais e do meio ambiente, uma vez que ao substituir o cimento Portland por escória micronizada, ocorrerá, principalmente, a economia de jazidas de pedra calcária, menos poluição de gás carbônico para a atmosfera, além de se evitar a estocagem em bota-foras de pilhas de escória na siderúrgica, o que pode causar, em função de um inadequado manejo ambiental, contaminação ao meio ambiente. Porém, um dos desafios tecnológicos da utilização da escória de aciaria elétrica como material cimentício é a sua expansibilidade. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a viabilidade técnica da utilização da escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada como material cimentício, obtido através do processo de moagem por micronização, visando garantir a estabilização da escória em relação ao fenômeno de expansão, bem como melhorias nas características do resíduo Principalmente através dos ensaios de granulometria a laser e de avaliação de expansão, ficou evidenciado que a moagem da escória de aciaria elétrica pelo processo de micronização garantiu a sua estabilidade. Foram estudadas argamassas de traços 1 : 1,5, 1 : 3,0 e 1 : 4,5 com substituição de 0%, 10% e 34% de cimento Portland por escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada. Em relação à resistência mecânica à compressão, o desempenho apresentado pelas argamassas que utilizaram a escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada foram inferiores às argamassas de referência, porém os resultados encontrados nos ensaios são satisfatórios para atender às exigências de um cimento Portland Em relação aos aspectos de durabilidade, foram avaliados o desempenho em relação à absorção de água e à penetração de íons cloretos. Para a propriedade de absorção de água, a substituição nos mesmos traços de argamassas e teores de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada mencionadas anteriormente, os resultados obtidos apresentaram desempenho superior às argamassas de referência. Do ponto de vista de penetração íons cloretos (ASTM C 1202, 1997), verifica-se que para os traços mais pobres (1 : 3,0 e 1 : 4,5) e que requerem respectivamente maiores relações água/aglomerantes, a adição de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada ao CPV ARI RS nos teores de 10% e 34%, respectivamente, é o principal fator que contribui para o aumento da carga passante das argamassas e consequentemente a redução da capacidade de resistir à penetração de íons cloretos. Já para o traço mais rico (1 : 1,5) que requer menor relação água/aglomerante, a adição de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada ao CPV ARI RS, no teor de 10%, é o principal fator que contribuiu para a diminuição da carga passante, em relação à argamassa referência, consequentemente aumentando a capacidade da argamassa de resistir à penetração de íons cloretos. Para o teor de substituição de 34% de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada ao CPV ARI RS, houve aumento da carga passante de 16,72% em relação à argamassa referência. De acordo com os critérios da ASTM C 1202, a substituição de 10% e 34% de escória de aciaria elétrica micronizada ao CPV ARI RS, classificou o traço 1 : 1,5 e os traços 1 : 3,0 e 1 : 4,5, respectivamente, como sendo de moderada e de elevada penetração de íons cloretos.

Proporcionamento de argamassas para reboco de recuperação

Dentre as diversas manifestações patológicas que são encontradas nas edificações em alvenaria, tem-se a umidade e os sais solúveis como os principais agentes de deterioração dos materiais de construção. No Brasil, os estudos sobre novos materiais e tecnologias construtivas referentes à recuperação de alvenarias que apresentem estas manifestações patológicas ainda são insuficientes. Isto resulta no uso de técnicas e produtos inadequados que podem acarretar maiores danos às edificações. Dentre as diversas técnicas e materiais utilizados para o saneamento das edificações, tem-se a aplicação de revestimentos de argamassas de recuperação como uma solução de fácil aplicação e custo reduzido. Estes revestimentos foram desenvolvidos originalmente na Alemanha e têm sido utilizados há mais de 20 anos na Europa apresentando resultados satisfatórios. Devido à sua elevada porosidade, estas argamassas especiais permitem a cristalização dos sais no interior dos seus poros, sem provocar danos ao revestimento e, por serem impermeáveis à água e permeáveis ao vapor, impedem a entrada da água da chuva permitindo a secagem eficiente do substrato. O objetivo deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de uma argamassa de reboco de recuperação, utilizando materiais disponíveis no mercado nacional, para ser aplicada em alvenarias contaminadas por umidade e sais de maneira a prolongar a vida útil do revestimento. Como no Brasil não existem recomendações específicas para as propriedades que estas argamassas especiais devem apresentar, este estudo baseou-se nas prescrições do Caderno de Recomendações Alemão WTA 2-2-91 Assim, foram analisadas propriedades no estado fresco (índice de consistência, trabalhabilidade, teor de ar incorporado, massa específica e retenção de água) e endurecido (resistência à compressão, resistência à tração na flexão, absorção de água por capilaridade, altura de penetração de água, massa específica, absorção por imersão, porosidade, resistência aos sais e coeficiente de resistência à difusão de vapor) em 26 diferentes proporções de materiais em argamassas mistas, variando a relação cal/cimento e os teores de aditivo incorporador de ar, hidrofugante e retentor de água, mantendo fixa a relação aglomerante/agregado. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicam que uma argamassa 1:0,60: 5,60 (cimento Portland pozolânico: cal hidratada: agregado miúdo), sendo o agregado miúdo composto por 94% de areia quartzosa e 6% de agregado leve, e teores de aditivo incorporador de ar de 1,0% , teor de hidrofugante de 1,0 % e 0,8% de retentor de água, pode ser utilizada como reboco de recuperação para o saneamento de edificações contaminadas por umidade e sais solúveis.

Condutividade hidráulica em solos contaminados encapsulados

No presente trabalho, a técnica de solidificação/estabilização de solos contaminados, foi analisada por meio de ensaios de resistência à compressão simples e ensaios de condutividade hidráulica em permeâmetro de parede flexível. O solo residual de arenito Botucatu (SRAB) foi utilizado como matriz, o óleo diesel foi utilizado como contaminante, e o cimento Portland CP V – ARI foi utilizado como o agente cimentante. Foram realizadas microscopias petrográficas dos materiais encapsulados, no intuito de analisar a estrutura do material para diferentes porcentagens de óleo diesel. Para os ensaios de condutividade hidráulica foi projetado e construído um permeâmetro de parede flexível, conforme a norma Americana ASTM D 5084/90, com adaptações para ensaiar amostras contaminadas, percoladas com água ou com percolados químicos. Para os ensaios de resistência à compressão simples utilizou-se de 0 a 50% de cimento (em relação ao peso de solo seco) e de 0 a 100% de contaminante (em relação ao peso de líquidos na amostra), correspondente à umidade ótima da amostra obtida através do ensaio de compactação. Para os ensaios de condutividade hidráulica foram utilizados os percentuais de 0 a 30% de cimento e 0 a 40% de óleo diesel. A resistência à compressão simples aumenta quanto maior for a quantidade de cimento, e diminui quanto maior for a quantidade de contaminante. Em amostras sem óleo diesel, a condutividade hidráulica diminui quanto maior for a quantidade de cimento. Para amostras sem cimento, a condutividade hidráulica diminui para quantidades de até 20% de óleo diesel, voltando a aumentar para quantidades maiores de 20% de óleo Para o SRAB com adição de cimento e óleo diesel, verifica-se uma tendência no comportamento, onde inicialmente a condutividade hidráulica diminui e volta a aumentar com o aumento da quantidade de óleo diesel. Foi observado que quanto maior a quantidade de cimento, menor a quantidade de óleo diesel necessária para a obtenção do mínimo valor de condutividade hidráulica para o material.

Betões especiais: aplicações em edifícios

Atualmente o betão é o material estrutural mais utilizado a nível mundial no âmbito da construção civil. É composto por água, agregados grossos e finos, com ou sem adjuvantes, cimento e adições. Atendendo ao facto de a sua utilização ter vindo a ser bastante significativa, ao mesmo tempo torna-se uma solução dispendiosa, dada a presença de alguns dos seus constituintes, principalmente o cimento Portland. O aparecimento de novos componentes, capazes de substituírem parte do cimento e de aumentarem as capacidades do betão para responder às expectativas, nomeadamente, as adições e adjuvantes, induziram ao surgimento de betões mais resistentes, duradouros e capazes de responderem melhor às condições que lhes são exigidas em projeto. Neste contexto, desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho, com o objetivo de estudar as soluções em betão com maior viabilidade económica. Ao longo do presente estudo, pretende-se avaliar a possibilidade de recorrer à utilização de betões especiais para a construção de alguns elementos estruturais de edifícios. Nesta perspetiva, numa fase inicial do trabalho, apresenta-se uma breve introdução histórica sobre a evolução do betão, desde a sua descoberta até à atualidade, e, em seguida, discutem-se as vantagens e as desvantagens referentes a cada betão quando aplicado em diferentes elementos estruturais. Posteriormente, é feita uma breve análise, comparação e discussão de resultados referentes aos custos atualmente praticados em Portugal Continental e na Ilha da Madeira relativos a cada tipo de betão. A dissertação termina com a análise dos resultados obtidos.

Influência da vermiculita expandida na resistência à compressão e reologia de pastas cimentantes de poços de petróleo

Several problems related to the loss of hydraulic seal in oilwells, causing gas migration and/or contamination of the production zone by water, have been reported. The loss of the hydraulic seal is a consequence of cracks which can be occasioned either by the invasion of gas during the wait on cement or by the expansion of the casing causing the fracture of the cement sheath. In case of the pressure of the formation is higher than the pressure in the annulus, gas can migrate into the slurry and form microannulus, which are channels where gas migrates after the cement is set. Cracks can be also occasioned by the fracture of the cement sheath when it does not withstand the thermal and dynamic loads. In reservoirs where the oil is heavy, steam water injection operation is required in order to get the oil flowing. This operation increases the temperature of the casing, and then it expands and causes the fracture of the cement sheath in the annulus. When the failures on the cement are detected, remedial cementing is required, which raise costs caused by the interventions. Once the use of cement in the construction civil sector is older than its use in the petroleum sector, it is common to bring technologies and solutions from the civil construction and apply them on the petroleum area. In this context, vermiculite, a mineral-clay widely encountered in Brazil, has been used, on its exfoliated form, in the civil construction, especially on the manufacture of lights and fireproof concretes with excellent thermal and acoustical properties. It has already been reported in scientific journals, studies of the addition of exfoliated vermiculite in Portland cements revealing good properties related to oilwell cementing operations. Thus, this study aimed to study the rheological behavior, thickening time, stability and compressive strength of the slurries made of Portland cement and exfoliated vermiculite in 5 different compositions, at room temperature and heated. The results showed that the compressive strength decreased with the addition of exfoliated vermiculite, however the values are still allowed for oiwell cementing operations. The thickening time of the slurry with no exfoliated vermiculite was 120 min and the thickening time of the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite was 98 min. The stability and the rheological behavior of the slurries revealed that the exfoliated vermiculite absorbed water and therefore increased the viscosity of the slurries, even though increasing the factor cement-water. The stability experiment carried out at 133 ºF showed that, there was neither sedimentation nor reduction of the volume of the cement for the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite. Thus, the addition of exfoliated vermiculite accelerates the set time of the cement and gives it a small shrinkage during the wait on cement, which are important to prevent gas migration

Análise de propriedades térmicas e mecânicas de compósitos de argamassa e resíduo de borracha

Although already to exist alternative technique and economically viable for destination of used tires, quantitative data on properties of constructive elements that use the rubber waste as aggregate still are restricted. In the present work, the waste proceeding from industry of retreading as material for manufacture of composite destined to the production of constructive elements was considered. Mechanical and thermal properties of mortar had been analyzed Portland cement with addition of waste without treatment, in the ratios of 10%, 20% and 30% in mass in relation to the mass of the cement, substituting the aggregate in the trace in mortar 1:5 mass cement and sand. The size of the used residue varied between 0,30mm and 4,8mm (passing in the bolter 4,8mm and being restrained in the one of 0,30mm), being it in the formats fibers and granular. The influences of the size and the percentage of residue added to the mortar (in substitution to the aggregate) in the thermal and mechanical properties had been considered. Assays of body-of-test in thestates had been become fullfilled cool (consistency index) and hardened (absorption of water for capillarity, strength the compression, traction and strength flexural). The work is centralized in the problem of the relation thermal performance /strength mechanics of used constructive systems in regions of low latitudes (Been of the Piauí), characterized for raised indices of solar radiation.

Estudo sobre a influência do massará no processo de formação de salitre em rebocos na região de Teresina - PI

This work had to verify the influence of massará, while mortar component, in the process of formation of saltpeter in cementitious plaster walls of buildings. The massará is a ceramic material, texture areno usually found in large volumes argillaceous sediments in Teresina, Piaui State capital, which is associated with the Portland cement mortar form for fixing and finishing in construction. Saltpeter or flowering is a pathology that happens in gypsum wallboard, which invariably reaction between soluble salts present in materials, water and oxygen. This pathology, supposedly credited to massará caused its use to suffer significant reduction in the market of the buildings. Verify this situation with particular scientific rigor is part of the proposal of this work. Grading tests Were performed, consistency limits (LL, LP and IP), determination of potential hydrogen, capacity Exchange (CTC), electrical conductivity (EC), x-ray fluorescence (FRX) and x-ray diffraction (DRX). Massará analysed samples in number six, including sample plastering salitrado presented potential hydrogen medium 5.7 in water and 5.2 on KCl n and electrical conductivity (EC), equal to zero. These results pointed to the affirmative that massará is a material that does not provide salinity content that can be taken into consideration. It is therefore concluded that the material analyzed not competing, at least with respect to the presence of soluble salts, for the formation of saltpeter

Aproveitamento de resíduos minerais na formulação de argamassas para a construção civil

Current environmental concerns include the excessive consumption and inefficient use of non-renewable natural resources. The construction industry is considered one of the largest consumers of natural raw materials, significantly contributing to the environmental degradation of the planet. The use of calcareous quarry (RPPC) and porcelain tile polishing residues (RPP) as partial replacements of the cement in mortars is an interesting alternative to minimize the exploration of considerably large amounts of natural resources. The present study aimed at investigating the properties of fresh and hardened mortars produced using residues to replace cement. The residues used were fully characterized to determine their specific mass, unitary mass, particle size distribution and morphology, and composition. The performance of the mortars was compared to that of reference compositions, prepared without residues. A total of 18 compositions were prepared, 16 using residues and 2 reference ones. The mortars were prepared using Portland CP II F 32 cement, CH I hydrated lime, river sand and tap water. The compositions of the mortars were 1:1:6 and 1:0.5:4.5 (vol%), and water to cement ratios of 1.87 and 1.45 were used, respectively. The mortars in the fresh state were evaluated by consistency index, water retention, density of mass and incorporated air content tests. In their hardened state, the mortars were evaluated by apparent mass density, modulus of elasticity, flexural tensile strength, compressive strength and water absorption by capillarity. The mortars were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. Finally, they were classified according to NBR 13281 standards. The mortars prepared using residues partially replacing the cement exhibited lower modulus of elasticity compared to the reference compositions, thus improving the performance in their intended use. On the downside, the water absorption by capillarity was affected by the presence of residues and both the tensile and compressive strength were reduced. However, from the overall standpoint, the replacement of cement by calcareous quarry or porcelain tile polishing residues did not result in significant changes in the properties of the mortars. Therefore, compositions containing these residues can be used in the construction industry

Estudo de revestimentos inorgânicos com inibidor de corrosão aplicado na superfície do concreto

The corrosive phenomenon on reinforced concrete structures is one of the most founded pathologies on the coastal area. With the objective to prevent the process development, or even, retard its beginning, it was studied the application of inorganic covering over concrete surfaces, after its cure, as well as, evaluate the efficiency of the covering applied on the concrete in reducing its porosity of concrete preventing the entrance of aggressive agents to preserve the integrity of the existing armor inside it, comparing the result obtained with the body-of-proof reference, that didn´t receive covering protection. On the concrete production it was used Portland Cement CP II 32, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water from the local distributive. Two types of covering were used, one resin based of silicon and solvent and other white cement based, selected sands and acrylic resin. The concrete mixture adopted was 1:1,5:2,5 (cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate) and 0.50 water/cement ratio. With the concrete on fresh state was made the experiment test to determinate the workability. On the hardened state was made the concrete resistance experiment, absorption of water and electrochemical experiments, through polarization curves. Also was held optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy experiments to analyze the layer of the covering applied to the concrete surface and the interface between the concrete and the layer. The obtained results shows that the covering applied to the concrete surface didn´t affect the resistance towards compression. On the absorption of water occurred a diminution of the percentage absorbed, improving the concrete development by making it more impermeable towards the entrance of aggressive agents. The electrochemical experiment results confirmed the water absorption results; the body-of-proof covered presented larger protection towards the development of corrosives process and retarded the evolution of the corrosive phenomenon

Concreto celular polimérico: influência na adição de resíduo de poliéster insaturado termofixo

This work addresses the production of lightweight concrete building elements, such as plates, prefabricated slabs for pre-molded and panels of fencing, presenting a singular concrete: the Lightweight Concrete, with special properties such low density and good strength, by means of the joint use of industrial waste of thermosetting unsaturated polyesters and biodegradable foaming agent, named Polymeric Lightweight Concrete. This study covered various features of the materials used in the composition of the Polymeric Lightweight Concrete, using a planning of factorial design 23, aiming at studying of the strength, production, dosage processes, characterization of mechanical properties and microstructural analysis of the transition zone between the light artificial aggregate and the matrix of cement. The results of the mechanical strength tests were analyzed using a computational statistics tool (Statistica software) to understand the behavior and obtain the ideal quantity of each material used in the formula of the Polymeric Lightweight Concrete. The definition of the ideal formula has the purpose of obtaining a material with the lowest possible dry density and resistance to compression in accordance with NBR 12.646/92 (≥ 2.5 MPa after 28 days). In the microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy it was observed an influence of the materials in the process of cement hydration, showing good interaction between the wrinkled face of the residue of unsaturated polyesters thermosetting and putty and, consequently, the final strength. The attaining of an ideal formula, given the Brazilian standards, the experimental results obtained in the characterization and comparison of these results with conventional materials, confirmed that the developed Polymeric Lightweight Concrete is suitable for the production of building elements that are advantageous for construction

Otimização e análise mecânica de pastas geopoliméricas para uso em poços sujeitos à injeção cíclica de vapor

Oil wells subjected to cyclic steam injection present important challenges for the development of well cementing systems, mainly due to tensile stresses caused by thermal gradients during its useful life. Cement sheath failures in wells using conventional high compressive strength systems lead to the use of cement systems that are more flexible and/or ductile, with emphasis on Portland cement systems with latex addition. Recent research efforts have presented geopolymeric systems as alternatives. These cementing systems are based on alkaline activation of amorphous aluminosilicates such as metakaolin or fly ash and display advantageous properties such as high compressive strength, fast setting and thermal stability. Basic geopolymeric formulations can be found in the literature, which meet basic oil industry specifications such as rheology, compressive strength and thickening time. In this work, new geopolymeric formulations were developed, based on metakaolin, potassium silicate, potassium hydroxide, silica fume and mineral fiber, using the state of the art in chemical composition, mixture modeling and additivation to optimize the most relevant properties for oil well cementing. Starting from molar ratios considered ideal in the literature (SiO2/Al2O3 = 3.8 e K2O/Al2O3 = 1.0), a study of dry mixtures was performed,based on the compressive packing model, resulting in an optimal volume of 6% for the added solid material. This material (silica fume and mineral fiber) works both as an additional silica source (in the case of silica fume) and as mechanical reinforcement, especially in the case of mineral fiber, which incremented the tensile strength. The first triaxial mechanical study of this class of materials was performed. For comparison, a mechanical study of conventional latex-based cementing systems was also carried out. Regardless of differences in the failure mode (brittle for geopolymers, ductile for latex-based systems), the superior uniaxial compressive strength (37 MPa for the geopolymeric slurry P5 versus 18 MPa for the conventional slurry P2), similar triaxial behavior (friction angle 21° for P5 and P2) and lower stifness (in the elastic region 5.1 GPa for P5 versus 6.8 GPa for P2) of the geopolymeric systems allowed them to withstand a similar amount of mechanical energy (155 kJ/m3 for P5 versus 208 kJ/m3 for P2), noting that geopolymers work in the elastic regime, without the microcracking present in the case of latex-based systems. Therefore, the geopolymers studied on this work must be designed for application in the elastic region to avoid brittle failure. Finally, the tensile strength of geopolymers is originally poor (1.3 MPa for the geopolymeric slurry P3) due to its brittle structure. However, after additivation with mineral fiber, the tensile strength became equivalent to that of latex-based systems (2.3 MPa for P5 and 2.1 MPa for P2). The technical viability of conventional and proposed formulations was evaluated for the whole well life, including stresses due to cyclic steam injection. This analysis was performed using finite element-based simulation software. It was verified that conventional slurries are viable up to 204ºF (400ºC) and geopolymeric slurries are viable above 500ºF (260ºC)

Formulação de pastas cimentícias com adição de suspensões de quitosana para cimentação de poços de petróleo

Primary cementing is one of the main operations in well drilling responsible for the mechanical stability and zonal isolation during the production of oil. However, the cement sheath is constantly under mechanical stresses and temperature variations caused by the recovery of heavy oil. In order to minimize fracture and wear of the cement sheath, new admixtures are developed to improve the properties of Portland cement slurries and avoid environmental contamination caused by leaking gas and oil. Polymers with the ability to form polymeric films are candidates to improve the properties of hardened cement slurries, especially their fracture energy. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of the addition of a chitosan suspension on cement slurries in order to improve the properties of the cement and increase its performance on heavy oil recovery. Chitosan was dissolved in acetic ac id (0.25 M and 2 M) and added to the formulation of the slurries in different concentrations. SEM analyses confirmed the formation of polymeric films in the cementitious matrix. Strength tests showed higher fracture energy compared to slurries without the addition of chitosan. The formation of the polymeric films also reduced the permeability of the slurry. Therefore, chitosan suspensions can be potentially used as cementing admixtures for heavy oil well applications

Formulação de grautes leves para a cimentação de poços de petróleo onshore

Grautes are dry mixes with hydraulic characteristics widely used in construction. This material comprises cement, mineral additives and dosed in accordance with the desired properties. The use of grautes in cementing oil wells potentially increases the precision in the composition of the mixture, since it is requires only the addition of the mixing water before its pumping. Such benefit may be availed in cementing wells since the formulations grautes meet the temperature and pressure characteristics typical of wells. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of adding different percentages of industrial minerals properties of light grautes for onshore oil wells. For the formulation of the employees were grautes light industrial minerals and waste minerals abundant in the Northeast, in addiction to Portland cement and chemical additives Special class. Grautes were formulated with densities between 1.55 g/cm3 (13.0 lb/gal) and 1.68 g/cm3 (14 lb/gal). Tests results showed that grautes with higher density in the range studied meet the specifications for cementation of shallow wells onshore. The compositions lighter can also be adjusted for applying the material in the cementation of oil wells

Influência da adição de cálcio nas propriedades de pastas geopoliméricas destinadas a cimentação de poços de petróleo

Nowadays, the search for new technologies that are able to follow the upcoming challenges in oil industry is a constant. Always trying properties improvements of the used materials, looking for the best performance and greater life time. Besides the search for technologies that show an improvement of performance, the search for materials environmentally correct along the whole production process. In Oil well cementing, this search for new technologies passes through the development of slurry systems that support these requests and that are also environmentally friendly. In this context, the use of geopolymer slurries is a great alternative route to cementing oil wells. Besides having good properties, comparable to Portland cement slurries, this alternative material releases much less CO2 gas in the production of their root materials when compared the production of Portland cement, which releases tons of CO2. In order to improve the properties of geopolymer slurries has been added Calcium Oxide, as observed in other studies that slurries where the Calcium is present the values of compressive strength is greater. The addition has been realized based in the CaO/SiO2 molar ratio of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15. Have been performed compressive strength tests, thickening time, rheology and fliud loss control test of the slurries, following NBR 9831, as well as the physical chemical characterization of XRD, SEM and TG. Has been observed in most of the tests the slurries follow a tendency until the ratio of 0.10, which inverses in the ratio 0.15. This behavior can be explained by two phenomena that occur simultaneously, the first one is the break of the polymer chains and a consequent increase in molucules mobility, which prevails until the ratio of 0.1, and the second is possible approach of the chains due to the capacity of the calcium ions stabilize the charges of two different aluminum. There is only one linearity in the mechanical behavior that can be attributed to the appereance of the C-S-H phase. Based on this, it is concluded that the phenomenon of breaking the polymer chains predominates until the ratio of 0.1, causing an increase of the filtrate volume, lower rheological parameters and increasing thickening time. From the ratio of 0.15 the approach of the chains predominates, and the behavior is reversed

Síntese, aplicação e avaliação do efeito do teor de fósforo da celulose fosfatada em argamassa de alvenaria com aditivo comercial a base de hidroxi-etil-metil celulose (HEMC)

Generally, cellulose ethers improves mortar properties such as water retention, workability and setting time, along with adherence to the substrate. However, a major disadvantage of the addition of cellulose ethers in mortars is the delay in hydration of the cement. In this paper a cellulose phosphate (Cp) was synthesized water soluble and has been evaluated the effect of their incorporation into mortar based on Portland cement. Cellulose phosphate obtained was characterized by spectrophotometry Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mortar compositions were formulated with varying phosphorus content in cellulose and cellulose phosphate concentrations, when used in partial or total replacement of the commercial additive based hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC). The mortars formulated with additives were prepared and characterized by: testing in the fresh state (consistency index, water retention, bulk density and air content incorporated) and in the hardened state (absorption by capillarity, density, flexural and compression strength). In mixtures the proportion of sand:cement of 1:5 (v / v) and factor a / c = 1.31 and water were held constant. Overall, the results showed that the celluloses phosphates employed in mortars added acted significantly when partially substituting the commercial additive. With regard to consistency index, water retention and bulk density in the fresh state and absorption by capillarity and bulk density apparent in the hardened state, showed no appreciable differences as compared to the commercial additive. The incorporated air content in the fresh state reduced markedly, but did not affect other properties. The mortars with cellulose phosphate, partially replacing the commercial additive showed an improvement of the properties of flexural strength and compressive strength