Promissory Note, February 2, 1815 - William and Abraham Nelles and Nathanial Pettit Estate

A promise by Abraham and William Nelles to pay 50 pounds with interest, New York Currency, to John Pettit and Jonathan Woolverton, executors of the late Nathanial Pettit estate, six years after the date. Witness Will Crooks.

Thomas's Massachusetts spy, or, Worcester Gazette, 1 March 1815 (vol. 44, no. 2186) - Newspaper

Volumes of interest were published between 1812 and 1815 with articles about the War of 1812. Issue for Mar. 1, 1815: The front page of this issue has the: "TREATY Of Peace And Amity, Between his Britannick Majesty and the United States of America." Hereafter, and concluding on pg. 2, are the eleven articles of the treaty, signed in type: John Q. Adams, James A. Bayard, Henry Clay, Albert Gallatin, and several others. Page 2 also has the message from the President that he forwarded a copy of the treaty to Congress, signed in type: James Madison.

Contract between John Cronyn and Nelson Forsyth, December 16, 1854.

John Cronyn (1827-1898) emigrated to Canada from Ireland in 1837. He studied medicine at the University of Toronto, but was not granted his degree upon completion of the requirements. He refused to take the test oaths meant to exclude Catholics from the profession and was not granted his degree until several years later, when the discriminatory laws were rescinded. In 1850, he married Elizabeth Willoughby of Toronto. They settled in Fort Erie and he established a successful medical practice there. He was active in the community, serving as Superintendent of schools and one term as Reeve. In 1859 he relocated to Buffalo and continued to practice medicine there. Cronyn was instrumental in the establishment of a medical department at Niagara University, where he was a professor and president of faculty. Nelson Forsyth was the son of William Forsyth (1771-1841), a prominent businessman in Niagara who owned and operated the Pavilion Hotel (later known as Forsyth’s Inn). Nelson was also a businessman and lived in Fort Erie with his wife Archange Warren.

Letter to Robert Nelles from John McLelland

Letter to Robert Nelles from John McLelland saying that he is sending 3 pounds and to please let him know when the next payment is due, May 29, 1850.

Appointment of John Turney to be an ensign in the 4th Regiment of Lincoln Militia in the Niagara District

Appointment of John Turney to be an ensign in the 4th Regiment of Lincoln Militia in the Niagara District of which, Robert Nelles is the Lieutenant Colonel. This was signed by Francis Gore, Lieutenant Governor, Oct. 31, 1815.

Symbolic geography in John Ruskin's modern painters, Volumes III, IV, V.

Modern Painters vol. III, IV et V est une œuvre tripartite développée après 1850, en synchronie avec la guerre de Crimée (1854-56), la répression de la révolte indienne (1857-59) et la deuxième guerre d’indépendance d’Italie (1859). Marqué par ces événements politiques, Ruskin met en œuvre une stratégie complexe pour configurer dans un langage symbolique les frontières et les taxonomies impériales de l’espace européen. Il développe des stratégies de présentation qui combinent le texte et les illustrations pour créer des allégories mentales et visuelles, construites à partir des stéréotypes littéraires et culturels véhiculés dans l’espace britannique. L’auteur met ses derniers volumes de Modern Painters sous le signe de « la crise de la civilisation » représentée par les conflagrations de Crimée, d’Inde et d’Italie, en exprimant son soutien pour la nouvelle alliance entre l’Angleterre et la France. Un autre motif est son obsession avec la réforme sociale via un retour aux valeurs chrétiennes traditionnelles.

O neocontratualismo de Norberto Bobbio e John Rawls em cum contexto de neoliberalismo e crise estrutural do capital

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O ceticismo em John Dewey: a busca da certeza

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Escravidão negra em Belém: mercado, trabalho e liberdade (1810-1850)

Entre os anos de 1810 e 1850, a presença de trabalhadores escravos em Belém era significativa. Em termos demográficos, essa população representava quase metade da população da cidade, formada pelas freguesias urbanas da Sé e Campina. A presente dissertação analisa a escravidão em Belém, a partir de diversos aspectos como o tráfico, a procedência e/ou origem geográfica e étnica dos cativos, a demografia e as cores, mercado e a mobilidade cativa, o controle social e a liberdade escrava, permeados por acontecimentos sociais, políticos e econômicos ocorridos no Brasil e no Grão-Pará, no período em questão, tais como a chegada da família real e a abertura dos portos, a independência, a Cabanagem e a promulgação das leis anti-tráfico de 1815, 1831 e 1850. Narrativas de viajantes estrangeiros, jornais, inventários post-mortem, relatórios de governo, códigos de posturas e ações de liberdade são algumas das fontes utilizadas para construção do cenário: a Belém da primeira metade do século XIX, e para conhecimento da atuação de nossos atores: os trabalhadores escravos.

A idéia de jogo em obras de John Cage e no ambiente da livre improvisação

Este texto examina as principais diferenças de enfoque relacionadas ao papel dos intérpretes na realização de duas diferentes propostas de jogo. Para tanto, são comparadas algumas obras de John Cage e as práticas de grupos que se dedicam à livre improvisação musical, principalmente do grupo Akronon.1 Procura-se demonstrar que as propostas de Cage, que estão situadas num plano conceitual, e as propostas da livre improvisação, que partem de uma prática experimental interativa baseada numa manipulação empírica dos sons, resultam em concepções bastante distintas a respeito do papel do intérprete. A partir desta perspectiva, afirma-se o caráter potente da livre improvisação que pode ser pensada enquanto prática de um jogo ideal conforme conceituação proposta pelo filósofo francês Gilles Deleuze

Natural History on Blocks, in Bodies, and on the Hearth: Juvenile Science Literature and Games, 1850-1875.

This article examines the role of domestic spaces and images in mid-nineteenth-century science writing for children. Analyses of John Mill’s The Fossil Spirit, A.L.O.E.’s Fairy Frisket, John Cargill Brough’s The Fairy Tales of Science, Annie Carey’s “Autobiography of a Lump of Coal,” and an assortment of boxed games reveal a variety of ways in which overwhelming scientific concepts are domesticated. Moreover, juvenile science literature contributes this appeasing domestication to the broader scientific discourse, consistently framing natural history in terms of human experience.

Widerlegung der preußischen Note und Denkschrift vom 25. August 1850

Boberach: Gegen die Ablehnung der österreichischen Einladung zur Wiederherstellung der Bundesversammlung wird eingewandt, daß der Deutsche Bund weiterhin besteht und auf internationalem europäischem Recht beruht. Die Bundesversammlung wurde 1848 lediglich vertagt, die Befugnisse des engeren Rates auf die Provisorische Zentralgewalt übertragen. - Wentzke: Stellt gegenüber der Denkschrift fest, daß die europäischen Mächte 1815 den deutschen Bund durch ein föderatives Band begründeten, das den Bundesstaat mit einheitlicher Spitze, den Dualismus und die Monarchie ausschließt. "Es ist europäisches Recht, daß Deutschland ein Staatenbund bleibe, daß Österreich in der Versammlung des Bundes den Vorsitz führe, und daß die Teilnahme an der Bundesgewalt nur in dem in der Bundesakte festgesetzten Stimmenverhältnis ausgeübt werden dürfe, im Übrigen aber alle Bundesglieder von einander unabhängig sind." Hält fest an der Anschauung, daß die Bundesversammlung sich am 12. Juli 1848 nur auf unbestimmte Zeit vertagte und ihre Befugnisse als engerer Rat auf die von ihr eingesetzte provisorische Zentralgewalt übertrug

Regional Specialization in Communal Agriculture: The Shakers, 1850- 1880

When the Shakers established communal farms in the Ohio Valley, they encountered a new agricultural environment that was substantially different from the familiar soils, climates, and markets of New England and the Hudson Valley. The ways in which their response to these new conditions differed by region has not been well documented. We examine patterns of specialization among the Shakers using the manuscript schedules of the federal Agricultural Censuses from 1850 through 1880. For each Shaker unit, we also recorded a random sample of five farms in the same township (or all available farms if there were fewer than five). The sample of neighboring farms included 75 in 1850, 70 in the next two census years, and 66 in 1880. A Herfindahl-type index suggested that, although the level of specialization was less among the Shakers than their neighbors, trends in specialization by the Shakers and their neighbors were remarkably similar when considered by region. Both Eastern and Western Shakers were more heavily committed to dairy and produce than were their neighbors, while Western Shakers produced more grains than did Eastern Shakers, a pattern imitated in nearby family farms. Livestock and related production was far more important to the Eastern Shakers than to the Western Shakers, again similar to patterns in the census returns from other farms. We conclude that, despite the obvious scale and organizational differences, Shaker production decisions were based on the same comparative advantages that determined production decisions of family farms.