De Bush a Jack Bauer: a segurança como obsessão nos Estados Unidos após o 11 de setembro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Age polyethism in the swarm-founding wasp Metapolybia miltoni (Andena & Carpenter) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae, Epiponini)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A transitoriedade entre o mundo primitivo e o moderno nas obras The Sea-Wolf e White Fang de Jack London

The American author Jack London wrote the books The Sea-Wolf and White Fang in 1904 and 1906, respectively. The former portrays the life of a literary critic, Humphrey Van Weyden, who after the wreckage of the ship in which he was is rescued by a seal-hunting schooner, where he is obliged to work and to live with the brutal captain Wolf Larsen, and in doing so he develops a more primitive profile. The latter work portrays the life of the eponymous character, a wolf that leaves the wild world in which it was born to follow its last master in the city, thus developing features of the modern world. This paper aims to conduct an analysis of the aspects that allow the transition between the primitive and the modern world in those works

Antiageing mechanisms of a standardized supercritical CO2 preparation of Black Jack (Bidens pilosa L.) in human fibroblasts and skin fragments

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determinação das temperaturas cardeais para a germinação de sementes de Murraya paniculata L. Jack. (Rutaceae)

A Murraya paniculata, é conhecida popularmente como murta-de-cheiro ou falsamurta, pertence à família Rutaceae e é uma espécie nativa da Índia que foi introduzida no Brasil. Essa espécie é utilizada na arborização de ruas e em jardins das cidades graças à copa densa e sua resistência a condições adversas. Pode ser utilizada também para formação de cerca vivas e, sua madeira branca tem alta durabilidade podendo ser utilizada em marcenarias. Na Ásia, esta espécie é considerada medicinal e as folhas e raízes são utilizadas para o tratamento de problemas intestinais, de reumatismo e tosse. Do ponto de vista químico, esta espécie acumula principalmente cumarinas e flavonóides, além de derivados do ácido cinâmico e alcalóides. No presente trabalho propomos determinar as temperaturas cardeais para a germinação de sementes de Murraya paniculata, além disso, analisamos a influência do teor de água na germinação para determinar se as sementes são recalcitrantes ou ortodoxas, e a influencia do potencial hídrico induzido por polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000). O aprofundamento dos estudos dessa espécie se faz importante por conta desta ser hospedeira alternativa do psilídeo Diaphorina citri, transmissor do ―greening‖ dos citros, doença que diminuiu a produção de citros nos últimos anos

Microsatellite loci for the carpenter bee Xylocopa frontalis (Apidae, Xylocopini)

In the present study, a microsatellite-enriched genomic library was constructed and primers for 14 microsatellite loci were designed for Xylocopa frontalis. Twenty unrelated individuals were screened. All loci were polymorphic and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 6 to 17 (x = 10.43). Observed (H-o) and expected (H-e) heterozygosities ranged from 0.350 to 0.950 and 0.674 to 0.898, respectively. All loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, except one. The microsatellite loci described in this study will contribute towards general biology studies of X. frontalis, intranidal genetic relationships and nest management for the pollination of passion fruit.

The Strauss and Carpenter Prognostic Scale in subjects clinically at high risk of psychosis

Objective:  To investigate the predictive value of the Strauss and Carpenter Prognostic Scale (SCPS) for transition to a first psychotic episode in subjects clinically at high risk (CHR) of psychosis. Method:  Two hundred and forty-four CHR subjects participating in the European Prediction of Psychosis Study were assessed with the SCPS, an instrument that has been shown to predict outcome in patients with schizophrenia reliably. Results:  At 18-month follow-up, 37 participants had made the transition to psychosis. The SCPS total score was predictive of a first psychotic episode (P < 0.0001). SCPS items that remained as independent predictors in the Cox proportional hazard model were as follows: most usual quality of useful work in the past year (P = 0.006), quality of social relations (P = 0.006), presence of thought disorder, delusions or hallucinations in the past year (P = 0.001) and reported severity of subjective distress in past month (P = 0.003). Conclusion:  The SCPS could make a valuable contribution to a more accurate prediction of psychosis in CHR subjects as a second-step tool. SCPS items assessing quality of useful work and social relations, positive symptoms and subjective distress have predictive value for transition. Further research should focus on investigating whether targeted early interventions directed at the predictive domains may improve outcomes.

Will Whole-Tree Harvest of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) deplete soil nutrients in low-productivity sand soils?

In 2009 and 2010 a study was conducted on the Hiawatha National Forest (HNF) to determine if whole-tree harvest (WTH) of jack pine would deplete the soil nutrients in the very coarse-textured Rubicon soil. WTH is restricted on Rubicon sand in order to preserve the soil fertility, but the increasing construction of biomass-fueled power plants is expected to increase the demand for forest biomass. The specific objectives of this study were to estimate biomass and nutrient content of above- and below-ground tree components in mature jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands growing on a coarse-textured, low-productivity soil, determine pools of total C and N and exchangeable soil cations in Rubicon sand, and to compare the possible impacts of conventional stem-only harvest (CH) and WTH on soil nutrient pools and the implications for productivity of subsequent rotations. Four even-aged jack pine stands on Rubicon soil were studied. Allometric equations were used to estimate above-ground biomass and nutrients, and soil samples from each stand were taken for physical and chemical analysis. Results indicate that WTH will result in cation deficits in all stands, with exceptionally large Ca deficits occurring in two stands. Where a deficit does not occur, the cation surplus is small and, chemical weathering and atmospheric deposition is not anticipated to replace the removed cations. CH will result in a surplus of cations, and will likely not result in productivity declines during the first rotation. However even under CH, the surplus is small, and chemical weathering and atmospheric deposition will not supply enough cations for the second rotation.

Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests

There is considerable evidence that biodiversity promotes multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality), thus ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services important for human well-being. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood, especially in natural ecosystems. We develop a novel approach to partition biodiversity effects on multifunctionality into three mechanisms and apply this to European forest data. We show that throughout Europe, tree diversity is positively related with multifunctionality when moderate levels of functioning are required, but negatively when very high function levels are desired. For two well-known mechanisms, ‘complementarity’ and ‘selection’, we detect only minor effects on multifunctionality. Instead a third, so far overlooked mechanism, the ‘jack-of-all-trades’ effect, caused by the averaging of individual species effects on function, drives observed patterns. Simulations demonstrate that jack-of-all-trades effects occur whenever species effects on different functions are not perfectly correlated, meaning they may contribute to diversity–multifunctionality relationships in many of the world’s ecosystems.

Jack London: Die Herrin des großen Hauses [Rezension]

J-e.

Revision der im Exsiccat "Kryptogamen Badens von Jack, Leiner und Stitzenberger" enthaltenen Chytridiaceen, Peronosporeen, Ustilagineen und Uredineen

Von G. Lagerheim

Dr. Joseph Bernhard Jack

Anonym