114 resultados para Bamberger, NathanBamberger, NathanNathanBamberger


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neu übersetzt von Selig Bamberger

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von Bamberger

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The composite transcription factor activating protein 1 (AP-1) integrates various mitogenic signals in a large number of cell types, and is therefore a major regulator of cell proliferation. In the normal human endometrium, proliferation and differentiation alternate in a cyclic fashion, with progesterone being largely implicated in the latter process. However, the effects of progesterone and the progesterone receptor (hPR) on AP-1 activity in the human endometrium are not known. To address this issue, HEC-1-B endometrial adenocarcinoma cells, which are devoid of hPR, were transfected with luciferase reporter constructs driven by two different AP-1-dependent promoters. Unexpectedly, cotransfection of hPR caused a marked induction of luciferase activity in the absence of ligand on both promoters. The magnitude of this induction was similar to that observed in response to the phorbol ester TPA. Addition of ligand reversed the stimulating effect of the unliganded hPR on AM activity in these cells. These effects were specific for hPR, and were not observed with either human estrogen receptor or human glucocorticoid receptor. Furthermore, they strictly depended on the presence of AP-1-responsive sequences within target promoters. Finally, the described effects of hPR on AP-1 activity were shown to be cell-type specific, because they could not be demonstrated in SKUT-1-B, JEG-3, and COS-7 cells. To our knowledge this is the first report of an unliganded steroid receptor stimulating AP-1 activity. This effect and its reversal in the presence of ligand suggest a novel mechanism, through which hPR can act as a key regulator of both proliferation and differentiation in the human endometrium.

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Atmospheric inverse modelling has the potential to provide observation-based estimates of greenhouse gas emissions at the country scale, thereby allowing for an independent validation of national emission inventories. Here, we present a regional-scale inverse modelling study to quantify the emissions of methane (CH₄) from Switzerland, making use of the newly established CarboCount-CH measurement network and a high-resolution Lagrangian transport model. In our reference inversion, prior emissions were taken from the "bottom-up" Swiss Greenhouse Gas Inventory (SGHGI) as published by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment in 2014 for the year 2012. Overall we estimate national CH₄ emissions to be 196 ± 18 Gg yr⁻¹ for the year 2013 (1σ uncertainty). This result is in close agreement with the recently revised SGHGI estimate of 206 ± 33 Gg yr⁻¹ as reported in 2015 for the year 2012. Results from sensitivity inversions using alternative prior emissions, uncertainty covariance settings, large-scale background mole fractions, two different inverse algorithms (Bayesian and extended Kalman filter), and two different transport models confirm the robustness and independent character of our estimate. According to the latest SGHGI estimate the main CH₄ source categories in Switzerland are agriculture (78 %), waste handling (15 %) and natural gas distribution and combustion (6 %). The spatial distribution and seasonal variability of our posterior emissions suggest an overestimation of agricultural CH₄ emissions by 10 to 20 % in the most recent SGHGI, which is likely due to an overestimation of emissions from manure handling. Urban areas do not appear as emission hotspots in our posterior results, suggesting that leakages from natural gas distribution are only a minor source of CH₄ in Switzerland. This is consistent with rather low emissions of 8.4 Gg yr⁻¹ reported by the SGHGI but inconsistent with the much higher value of 32 Gg yr⁻¹ implied by the EDGARv4.2 inventory for this sector. Increased CH₄ emissions (up to 30 % compared to the prior) were deduced for the north-eastern parts of Switzerland. This feature was common to most sensitivity inversions, which is a strong indicator that it is a real feature and not an artefact of the transport model and the inversion system. However, it was not possible to assign an unambiguous source process to the region. The observations of the CarboCount-CH network provided invaluable and independent information for the validation of the national bottom-up inventory. Similar systems need to be sustained to provide independent monitoring of future climate agreements.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Each volume has also special title page.

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I. Text: Vorwort, von K. Lamprecht.--Codex und schrift, von K. Menzel.--Der Bibeltext, von P. Corssen.--Die künstlerische ausstattung, von H. Janitschek.--Der einbanddeckel: 1. Der einbanddeckel als ganzes, ikonographie, technik, von A. Schnütgen. 2. Der kameo, von F. Hettner.--Verzeichnis der citierten handschriften.--II. Tafeln: 1-17. Trier, Stadtbibliothek, no. 22 (Adahs.); 18-21. Wien, K. K. Schatzkammer (Evangeliar Karls des Grossen); 22-23. Aachen, Münsterschatz (Karoling. Evangeliar); 24. Bamberg, K. Bibliothek AI 5; 25. Paris, Nationalbibl. lat. 1993 (Gottschalkevangeliar); 26-28. London, Brit. mus. Harlei, 2788; 29-30. Abeville, Communalbibl. no. 4; 31-34. Paris, Nationalbibl. no. 8850 (Evang. von Soissons); 35-36. Epernay, Communalbibl. (Ebo-Evang.); 37-38. Kremsmünster, Stiftsbibl. (Codex millenarius)--Verzeichnis der zinkhochättzungen und holzschnitte im text. (Initialen B und D der Züricher Vulgata, P der Bamberger Genesis, Q des Kremsmünsterer Codex millenarius; Zierleisten aus der Ada-handschrift)

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CONTENTS CONTINUED--6. Bd. Der Bund der Jugend. Deutsch von A. Strodtmann. Die Stützen der Gesellschaft. Deutsch von Emma Klingenfeld. Ein Puppenheim. Deutsch von Marie von Borch. [1900]--7. Bd. Gespenster. Ein Volksfeind. Die Wildente. [1901]--8. Bd. Rosmersholm. Die Frau vom Meere. Hedda Gabler. Baumeister Solness. [1902]--9. Bd. Klein Eyolf. John Gabriel Borkman. Wenn wir Toten erwachen. [1899]--10. Bd. Briefe. Hrsg. mit Einleitung und Anmerkungen von Julius Elias und Halvdan Koht. [1904]

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Responsa at end of book.

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Title varies: pt.2. Josef Nachmias und sein commentar zum buche Esther ... von M.L. Bamberger ... Leipzig, Fock, 1893.