吉普汽车转向机固定螺栓断裂失效分析

螺栓是汽车、桥梁等钢结构中广泛使用的紧固件。重要螺栓的断裂常常导致灾难性事故。本文通过几起BJ/XJ213汽车转向机固定螺栓的断裂分析,指出了事故发生的客观原因及存在于人们思想中的主观原因。测定了螺栓预紧扭矩与产生预紧应力之间的对应关系,同时用扫描电镜观察了典型的螺栓断口特征。结果表明,螺栓联接部位的加工缺陷及不合理的装配,使得固定螺栓在服役过程中承受了异常的交变弯曲载荷,导致了最终的疲劳断裂。

Preliminary-results of gaas single-crystal growth under high gravity conditions

GaAs single crystals have been grown under high gravity conditions, up to 9g0, by a recrystallization method with decreasing temperature. The impurity striations in GaAs grown under high gravity become weak and indistinct with smaller striation spacings. The dislocation density of surcharge-grown GaAs increases with increase of centrifugal force. The cathodoluminescence results also show worse perfection in the GaAs grown at high gravity than at normal earth gravity.

Instabilities of a liquid film flowing down an inclined porous plane

The problem of a film flowing down an inclined porous layer is considered. The fully developed basic flow is driven by gravitation. A careful linear instability analysis is carried out. We use Darcy's law to describe the porous layer and solve the coupling equations of the fluid and the porous medium rather than the decoupled equations of the one-sided model used in previous works. The eigenvalue problem is solved by means of a Chebyshev collocation method. We compare the instability of the two-sided model with the results of the one-sided model. The result reveals a porous mode instability which is completely neglected in previous works. For a falling film on an inclined porous plane there are three instability modes, i.e., the surface mode, the shear mode, and the porous mode. We also study the influences of the depth ratio d, the Darcy number delta, and the Beavers-Joseph coefficient alpha(BJ) on the instability of the system.