As práticas que sustentam o trabalho colaborativo em espaços de coworking e o papel das tecnologias de informação e comunicação: estudo de caso da Goma

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo explorar o papel das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) em espaços de coworking. Para tanto, adotou-se como foco central a investigação das práticas de trabalho colaborativo, como uma das manifestações deste tipo de ambiente. Como coworking entende-se o fenômeno social que reúne profissionais independentes e aqueles com local de trabalho flexível que trabalham melhor em conjunto do que sozinhos, definição sustentada pela própria comunidade, como se demonstra neste trabalho. Espaços de coworking, de acordo com o que estabeleceram, são ambientes relacionados com construção de comunidade e sustentabilidade, nos quais os participantes concordam em defender os valores estabelecidos pelos fundadores do movimento, bem como interagir e compartilhar uns com os outros. A literatura sobre o tema, sobretudo no campo de Sistemas de Informação (SI), é ainda incipiente e expõe um tema de estudo ainda em construção. Quando o termo coworking surgiu, no fim dos anos 1990, ainda designava uma nova forma de realizar o trabalho, com o apoio das TIC dentro das organizações tradicionais. Os estudos realizados em campo acusam um amadurecimento desse conceito, que se distingue entre uma nova forma de realizar o trabalho, a partir do co-working - mais ligada à prática da colaboração em um ambiente de trabalho tradicional -, e um novo modelo de trabalho, com a emergência dos espaços de coworking. O presente trabalho busca contribuir com esse novo campo de estudo, desenvolvendo uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório com um estudo de caso realizado na Goma, que se identifica como uma associação de empreendedores. Os dados encontrados em campo - a partir dos métodos da observação, entrevista semiestruturada e análise documental - expuseram um espaço em que as práticas de trabalho colaborativo ultrapassam o âmbito empresarial. Ao ser um espaço cogerido pelos seus membros, os quais são, todos, donos da associação, eles a transformam em um ambiente dinâmico de cocriação e aprendizado. Nesse espaço, que também é um coworking, as TIC apresentam-se como recursos estruturantes que ajudam tanto na organização do grupo quanto na realização dos seus trabalhos em conjunto.

Redes sociais e a lógica do desvio comportamental em relação às normas de trabalho

This paper aim to check a hypothesis that assumes several behaviors related to social work norm´s obeying as a phenomenon that can be explained by actor´s social network structure and the rational choice processes related to the social norm inside that network, principally the payoff´s analysis received by the closest actors, or neighbors, at a social situation. Taking the sociological paradigm of rational action theory as a basis, the focus is on a debate about the logic of social norms, from Émile Durkheim´s method to Jon Elster´s theory, but also including social network analysis´s variables according to Robert Hanneman; and also Vilfredo Pareto´s constants related to human sociability, at the aim to detect elements that can help the scholars to develop an agent based model which could explain the sociological problem of deviance by a better way than the common sense´s view about morality and ethics at a social work environment

Proteção da relação de emprego sob o prisma da dignidade da pessoa humana

This work aims to show that the protection of the employment relation is one of the determining factors to respect the principle of the human dignity. The goal is initially to show the devaluation of work from antiquity to the early twentieth century, when the constitutions began to standardize protective devices. This way, the consecration of the social labor rights in the Constitution of 1988 represents the culmination of the historical achievements. This work demonstrates that such rights can not be reduced or suppressed by political conveniences, once these rights are included in the list of immutable clauses. It is displayed that to achieve the fundamental right to work is not well advised to encourage the creation of jobs that maculates the worker s dignity. The outsourced work is, therefore, a classic example of the advancement of precarious forms of contemporary labor. It is inferred that the presence of various forms of harassment results in a degradation of working environment, bringing about dire consequences on professional and personal life of the worker. Thus, decent work must be the appropriate benchmark for the creation of new jobs. It is also shown that the flexibilization of the propaganda rights by certain pressure groups has as main goal to reduce or eliminate rights, based on fallacious data depicting an increase of competitiveness and jobs. In addition, the flexibility implies a growth of the precarization of the work - a reality felt by many workers subjected to such a situation due to the unemployment phenomenon whose origin is not in the protectionism of the norms. It is necessary to expand and structure the constitutionally legitimate institutions to monitor and curb the precarized work, as well as all practices that go against the dignity of the worker. It is also shown the loss of power of the sindicates in the last few years as a consequence of the pulverization workes and the capital attacks through the productive restructure whose outsourcings and privatizations are notorious examples

Terceirização versus agenda do trabalho decente : estudo de caso a partir do Banco do Brasil s.a. na Paraíba

This Dissertation examines outsourcing in Bank of Brazil SA, the state of Paraiba. The central research question is to what extent this flexibility of labor relations incorporates items claimed by ´recent´ Decent Work Agenda of the International Labour Organization (OIT) or, on the contrary, the ´epidemic´ of outsourcing makes it even more challenging the world of work in the third millennium. The research hypothesis is that the Bank of Brazil has a growing subcontracting / outsourcing of labor (companies and individuals) and that not only contributes to the deterioration of working conditions, but also opposes the Work Agenda decent. Aiming to prove or disprove the hypothesis, the study includes a survey and secondary field. The literature review focuses on the trend towards casualization of labor in capitalism, and yet, in an effort to systematize data and analysis on ´outsourcing´ from the viewpoint of different actors. This theoretical framework is anchored in important classical sources and present that address the topic in the world and in Brazil. The field research was conducted with the actors related to the theme of ´outsourcing´ the Bank of Brazil - Paraiba, precisely branch managers, permanent employees of the bank, union representatives (bank workers), union bank and outsourced. The results confirm, in part, the study hypothesis, by demonstrating that there are several meanings and forms of precariousness that the contractors surveyed are submitted, highlighting the issue of salaries, the work environment, union representation and health worker. All these themes, each for himself, are contemplated by the Decent Work Agenda of the ILO and show, according to field research, rather fragile

A educação no processo de trabalho da enfermagem: o caso do hospital de ensino

It is in the work environment that occurs the relations of production, economy, personal development and professional growth. Thus, this environment characterizes for being a propitious way to the intellectual development diligent them. In this context, this study it had as objective to analyze the possibilities and challenges of the education to consist integrant part of the process of work of the nursing, in an education hospital. One is about a research of analytical matrix and qualitative boarding, that had as collaborating fifteen professionals of the nursing, middle- and upper-level, of a hospital of education in Natal/RN. It followed the metodológicos estimated ones of the thematic verbal history, which looks for to promote the agreement or clarification of determined situations, catching experiences of made use people to say on aspects of its life, keeping a commitment with the social context. The information then had been gotten by means of a research instrument that made possible the accomplishment of interviews, which had been marked anticipatedly and counted on the assent of that in they had participated. The interviews had been recorded in proper equipment, so that you say them of the collaborators transcribing and they were analyzed with the support of pertinent literature. The content of you say them was classified in empirical categories, as the nuclei of felt that they presented. With the analysis of the data, one evidenced that the education in the process of work of the nursing is something possible to occur, but that diverse they are the challenges that the same one has that to face to promote this phenomenon in its daily one of work. The collaborators had affirmed that the worker is necessary to remain itself permanently in study so that, thus, it grows professionally and improves its assistance. They had still affirmed that she is possible to work and to study, but that this requires determination of who intends such intention. E also guarantees that the diverse forms of education directed toward the care in nursing can have resolution, since that has collective compromising of the institution. This, as education hospital, recognizes to be necessary to possess one politics of education for its workers and is if considering implementation the same one through a structuralized program already. Therefore, the results of this research show the necessity of changes in the current scene where if they find the workers of nursing of the institution in study. These changes can be reached through one politics of investment in the workers, allowing, beyond other benefits, the reach of new knowledge that take them to a significant learning in favor of the population, reflecting in the quality of the given assistance

Violência ocupacional contra profissionais de saúde em um hospital de urgência. natal/rn, 2009

Descriptive exploratory study, with quantitative approach, with data collected from April to May 2009, aiming to identify the types of occupational violence affecting professionals on the nursing and medical staff in an emergency hospital service in Natal/RN, over the last 12 months; to identify emergency sectors where occupational violence episodes took place; to characterize aggressors on each type of occupational violence; to know the procedures adopted after each violent act targeting nursing and medical staff professionals; and to know the consequences of violence suffered by the nursing and medical staff professionals. The sample consisted of 26 nurses, 95 nursing assistants/technicians and 124 physicians, for a total of 245 professionals. The results showed that 50.61% of the professionals were women, aged 41 to 45 (22.45%), with post-graduate studies (51.43%), married (60.82%); 21.22% had 16 to 20 years of experience in the profession and in emergency practice; working 40 weekly hours (86.12%); and working both the day shift and the night shift (70.21%); 27.35% consider violence to be a part of their profession and the patient s companions as an important risk factor (86.53%); couldn t inform whether there was a specific established procedure for reporting occupational violence (45.71%); 73.06% suffered occupational violence in the 12 months; 70.20% verbal assault, 24.08% moral harassment, 6.12% physical assault, and 3.67% sexual harassment; 66.67% of the patients took part in the physical assault; the companions, in verbal assault (58.14%); and the health staff in moral harassment (69.49%); facing episodes violence, 37.65% of the professionals reported the fact to their co-workers; 57.25% uffered from stress as a consequence; on 4.71% of the episodes the professionals had to be bsent from work, resulting in 75 days of occupational violence-related absence. We conclude here was a high rate of occupational violence in the researched population, with verbal ssault and moral harassment as the most frequent violence types. Because factors related to ccupational violence were very diverse, actions seeking to confront this problem shouldn t be limited to the work environment itself. Education ought to be one of the most effective ctions for avoiding or minimizing these events occurrence

Riscos ocupacionais e acidentes de trabalho em um serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência do Rio Grande do Norte

Exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study with prospective data, performed in the Mobile Emergency Care Service in the metropolitan region of Natal/RN, in order to identify the knowledge of the multidisciplinary team about the rules of standard precautions and worker safety, to identify occupational hazards peculiar to the activities of this service; characterize work-related accidents (WRA) and know the procedures adopted after each WRA. The population consisted of 162 professionals and data were collected between the months of November and December 2010. As for personal and professional characteristics, of the 162 professional, 12,96% were physicians; 6,79%, nurses; 33,95%, nursing technicians, 46,29%, conductors; 74,70% were male; 43,21% were between 31 and 40 years old; 69,33% lived in Natal/RN, 50,00% had completed high school; 58,64% were married; 69,75% had children, 46,91% were between 1 and 4 years of training; 61,73% had improvement courses; 59,25% had 3 to 4 years of service; 54,32%, with 1-4 years experience in emergency; 44,44% received 1-2 minimum wages; 78,40% received insalubrity premium; 67,28% worked in Basic Support Unit (BSU); 83,95% had journey on SAMU Metropolitano of 31-40 hours per week; 52,47% had other employments. As for knowledge of rules of standard precautions, safety and occupational hazards, 99,38% knew what it was WRA; 62,96% gave incomplete answers; 74,07% knew the rules of prevent WRA; 46,67% acquired this knowledge in lectures; 53,09% knew Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); 71,60% gave incorrect answers about the importance of standard precautions; 45,06% never received an educational intervention on this issue; 89,51% said that educational interventions in the prevention of WRA are very important; 90,12% pointed out this as a very important issue in the workplace; 27,00% suggested guidance on the topic in the workplace; regarding the physical hazards, 34,57% considered noise as the most important; about chemical hazards, 78,40% chose the gases and smoke; for biological hazards, 48,77% reported contact with the blood; for mechanical hazards, 80,86% said that were transport accidents; about ergonomic risks, 40,12% say it is the tension/stress in the care of critically ill, psychiatric and aggressive patients; and there was an average of 4,5 to the feeling of safety in the workplace. Regarding the data on the WRAs occurred, 31,48% experienced at least one accident event; 72,55% did not notify it; 60,98% answered that there was no routine for notification; 56,86% were performing patient transportation; 49,02% were hurt in the Basic Support Unit/Rescue Unit (BSU/RH); 60,78% occurred during the day; 96,08% of professionals were in normal work schedule (24 hours on duty); 31,37% had contusion; 58.82% had damage to members/pelvic girdle; 43,14% had traffic accidents. About the evolution of the WRA, 62,75% did not have to take time away from work; 76,47% had no sequelae; 88,24% did not require rehabilitation; no professional had a change of occupation. And by means of univariate logistic regression, showed that the nurses and male sex were risk factors for the occurrence of WRA. We conclude that there were gaps in the knowledge of staff regarding WRA, emphasizing the need for continuing education in biosafety in the service.

Doenças sem doentes: Ocorrência de Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho DORT nos operadores de caixa de um banco

The changes incurred in the financial system with the introduction of new technologies and new forms of administration of banks has caused impact on the health of workers. These changes, which passed in the process of work, generate a combined share of the risk factors that result in numerous injuries and illnesses among banks, notably between the operators of banks tellers. The Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disordes - WRMD represent a group of occupational diseases always present among these workers. Because of its high incidence and the amount of financial resour envolved to manage the problem has been the object of constant study. This paper aims to analyze the bank teller activity; search the occurrence of WRMD in the activity, identifying the factors determining the occurrence of WRMD in the activity and determine the real number of touchs on a keyboard made by the operator and propose solutions that influence the reduction of illness in the workplace of the bank teller. Methodological tools of ergonomics are used to provide a broad knowledge of aspects of work that have been studied and influential in the generation of occupational diseases studied. It was found that activity put workers to serious risk of occupational diseases. As the main contributory factors and determinants for this illness: the requirements and control the numbers daily endorsements; evaluation system based on performance targets for productivity; management system at time of service to customers; work with stressful factors (broken box); excess of time worked; furniture of workstations with ergonomic inadequacies and policy for the prevention of occupational diseases inefficient. They have also noted cases of illness for DORT workers without fulfilling the legal requirement of the issuance of the communication of labour accident and without the removal of the employee of the workplace

Análise da situação de trabalho do motorista em uma empresa de ônibus urbano da idade de Natal (RN)

The problem dealt with in this study concerns the analysis of bus drivers' working situation. It stemmed from the need to identify the difficulties faced by these professionals in accomplishing the results expected by the company. A case study was carried out in a public transportation company in the city of Natal. Records and observations made in the workplace, alongside perfomance indicators, such as absenteeism tax, staff turnover and traffic accidents, revealed problems in their activity. It was made clear that, in the company being studied, absenteeism was related to health problems, particularly psychiatric and musculoskeletal disorders, and that although the indicators of traffic accidents and staff turnover have declined over the years, they are still elevated. The interviews involved 50 of the 124 drivers who worked directly in the service, and contained questions covering eleven factors related to the drivers' work. They indicated a gap between the prescribed work and the work actually done, in that there were a series of embarassing or stressful situations involving traffic, itinerary length, road conditions, vehicle maintenance, physical environment (bus terminus), job post and supervision policies. On the other hand, factors such as enjoying driving, the work itself and being with workmates positively influenced the drivers' working conditions. In the propositions of the administration and human resources subsystems, some alternatives were found in order to remodel this activity

Resiliência no trabalho contemporâneo: promoção e/ou desgaste da saúde mental

Este estudo teórico resgata a concepção processual e contextual de resiliência, a qual compreende esse fenômeno enquanto relação complexa entre indivíduo e ambiente na produção de fatores de risco e no provimento de fatores protetores da subjetividade do indivíduo, buscando aplicá-la à realidade organizacional, haja vista que o mundo do trabalho contemporâneo demanda uma força de trabalho específica, qual seja, o trabalhador flexível, polivalente, sujeito a mudanças - portanto, um trabalhador resiliente. A partir dessas considerações, realiza-se um processo de reflexão sobre as situações em que a resiliência pode ser promotora de saúde mental, bem como acerca dos contextos que contribuem para o processo de adoecimento do trabalhador, buscando aventar possibilidades de atuação do profissional psicólogo diante de um contexto de trabalho adverso, considerando-se que o principal objetivo dessa atuação profissional é garantir a proteção/promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho.

Saúde psíquica e condições de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde nos hospitais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

A tese se propôs a avaliar a relação entre saúde psíquica e condições de trabalho em dois hospitais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, a saber: Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes e Hospital Universitário Ana Bezerra. Adotou como ponto de partida epistemológico a abordagem psicossociológica, considerando que a compreensão sócio-histórica do contexto é indispensável para entender os fenômenos em análise. As condições de trabalho e a saúde psíquica foram abordadas interdisciplinarmente, fundamentando a construção de um modelo compreensivo de saúde psíquica que orientou a investigação. O caminho metodológico utilizado foi a pesquisação. Essa foi desenvolvida, utilizando técnicas como análise documental, observação participante, entrevistas não estruturadas, grupo focal e aplicação de um protocolo de pesquisa composto pelo questionário de condições de trabalho, pelo Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG-60), pela Escala de Bem-Estar Afetivo no Trabalho (JAWS-12) e por questões sociodemográficas. A análise dos resultados mostrou que os escores sintomáticos de saúde psíquica variam por hospitais e que a saúde psíquica sofre influência das condições de trabalho, sobretudo em aspectos referentes a três dimensões: condições físicas e materiais; processos e características do trabalho e o ambiente sociogerencial. Em referência à primeira dessas dimensões, destacaram-se a exposição aos riscos psicobiológicos e de acidentes, bem como as exigências de esforço físico. Na segunda dimensão, a complexidade das atividades e a responsabilidade implicada nas mesmas. E, na última, os fatores de organização da atividade, violência e ambiente conflitivo. Como a relação do indivíduo com seu contexto é dialética, os resultados encontrados corroboraram que quanto mais as condições de trabalho são desfavoráveis, maior a afetação da saúde psíquica e dos afetos com relação ao trabalho, repercutindo novamente no ambiente de trabalho. Portanto, ações de melhoria das condições de trabalho precisam ser estabelecidas para resultar, no efeito inverso, proporcionando o aumento dos afetos positivos e a redução dos sintomas psíquicos

O significado do acidente de trabalho com material biológico para os profissionais de enfermagem

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender o significado dos acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico na perspectiva dos profissionais de enfermagem. de caráter exploratório com abordagem qualitativa pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin. No período de 2001 a 2006 ocorreram 87 acidentes com material biológico, sendo que destes, oito eram soropositivos para hepatite B e C e Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se entrevista com perguntas norteadoras. Ao indagar esses profissionais sobre o significado dos acidentes, emergiram quatro categorias: situação de risco; percepção de perigo; fatalidade e sentimentos. Embora não seja estratégia de esclarecimento, mas é fato que organização de trabalho e ações educativas tem impacto considerável para diminuir esse tipo de acidente, diminuindo prejuízos na vida dos acidentados.

Postura de trabalho relacionada com as dores na coluna vertebral em trabalhadores de uma indústria de alimentos: estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Design - FAAC

Percepção do cirurgião-dentista da rede pública de saúde sobre as condições de trabalho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise ergonômica e intervenções nos postos de trabalho de operadores de caixa de supermercado (checkout)

Pós-graduação em Design - FAAC