169 resultados para Apostles


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Mode of access: Internet.

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"First edition printed May 1890; reprinted with alterations."

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Vol. 1: 4th ed. ; v. 2-3: 6th ed. ; v. 4: 5th ed.

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In this dissertation, I offer a pedagogical proposal for learning the Christian Scriptures guided by respect for the nature of the reader and the integrity of the biblical text. Christian educators have profitably developed recent theoretical interest in the body’s role in human meaning with regard to worship and praxis methodologies, but the implications of this research for communal study of the biblical text merit further development. I make the case for adopting scriptural imagination as the goal of pedagogically constructed encounters with the Christian Scriptures. The argument proceeds through a series of questions addressing both sides of the text/reader encounter.

Chapter one considers the question “what is the nature of the reader and, subsequently, the shape of the reader’s ways of knowing?” This investigation into recent literature on the body’s involvement in human knowing includes related epistemological shifts with Christian education. On the basis of this survey, imagination emerges as a compelling designator of an incorporative, constructive creaturely capacity that gives rise to a way of being in the world. Teachers of Scripture who intend to participate in Christian formation should account for the imagination’s centrality for all knowing. After briefly situating this proposal within a theological account of creatureliness, I make the initial case for Scriptural imagination as a pedagogical aim.

Imagination as creaturely capacity addresses the first guiding value, but does this proposal also respect the integrity and nature of the biblical text, and specifically of biblical narratives? In response, in chapter two I take up the Acts of the Apostles as a potential test case and exemplar for the dynamics pertinent to the formation of imagination. Drawing on secondary literature on the genre and literary features of Acts, I conclude that Acts coheres with this project’s explicit interest in imagination as a central component of the process of Christian formation in relationship to the Scriptures.

Chapters three and four each take up a pericope from Acts to assess whether the theoretical perspectives developed in prior chapters generate any interpretive payoff. In each of these chapters, a particular story within Acts functions as a test case for readings of biblical narratives guided by a concern for scriptural imagination. Each of these chapters begins with further theoretical development of some element of imaginal formation. Chapter three provides a theoretical account of practices as they relate to imagination, bringing that theory into conversation with Peter’s engagement in hospitality practices with Cornelius in Acts 10:1-11:18. Chapter four discusses the formative power of narratives, with implications for the analysis of Paul’s shipwreck in Acts 27:1-28:16.

In the final chapter, I offer a two-part constructive pedagogical proposal for reading scriptural narratives in Christian communities. First, I suggest adopting resonance above relevance as the goal of pedagogically constructed encounters with the Scriptures. Second, I offer three ways of reading with the body, including the physical, ecclesial, and social bodies that shape all learning. I conclude by identifying the importance of scriptural imagination for Christian formation and witness in the twenty-first century.

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Originally published (London, 1675) as Antiquitates apostolicae ... as a continuation of Antiquitates christianae by Jeremy Taylor. Later editions published with numerous variations in title.

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Of water or the Spirit? Uuras Saarnivaara s theology of baptism The aim of the study was to investigate PhD and ThD Uuras Saarnivaara s views on baptism as well as their possible changes and the reasons for them. Dr Saarnivaara said himself that he searched for the truth about the relationship between baptism and faith for decades, and had faltered in his views. The method of this research is systematic analysis. A close study of the source material shows that Dr Saarnivaara s views on baptism have most likely changed several times. Therefore, special attention was paid to the time periods defined by when his literary works were published. This resulted in revealing the different perspectives he had on baptism. The fact that Dr Saarnivaara worked on two continents Europe and North America added a challenge to the research process. At the beginning of the research, I described Dr Saarnivaara s phases of life and mapped out his vast literary production as well as presented his theological basis. Saarnivaara s theological view on the means of grace and their interrelation in the church was influenced by the Laestadian movement, which caused him to adopt the view that the Holy Spirit does not dwell in the means of grace, but in the believers. Thus the real presence of Christ in the means of grace is denied. God s word is divided into Biblical revelation and proclamation by believers through the means of grace. Also, the sacraments are overshadowed by the preached word. Because grace is received through the word of the gospel preached publicly or privately by a believer, the preacher s status gains importance at the expense of the actual means of grace. Saarnivaara was intrigued by the content of baptism from the time he was a student until the end of his life. As a young theologian, he would adopt the opinions of his teachers as well as the view of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, which at the time was dominated by the pietistic movement and the teachings of J. T. Beck. After Saarnivaara had converted to the Laestadian movement, moved to the United States and started his Luther research, he adopted a view on baptism which was to a great extent in accordance with Luther and the Lutheran Symbolical Books. Saarnivaara considered his former views on baptism unbiblical and publicly apologised for them. In the 1950s, after starting his ministry within the Finnish neopietistic movements, Saarnivaara adopted a Laestadian-neopietistic doctrine of baptism. During his Beckian-pietistic era, Saarnivaara based his baptism theology on the event of the disciples of Jesus being baptised by John the Baptist, the revival of Samaria in the Book of Acts and the conversion of Cornelius and his family, all cases where the receiving of the Holy Spirit and the baptism were two separate events in time. In order to defend the theological unity of the Bible, Saarnivaara had to interpret Jesus teachings on baptism in the Gospels and the teachings of the Apostles in the New Testament letters from a viewpoint based on the three events mentioned above. During his Beckian-pietistic era, the abovementioned basic hermeneutic choice caused Saarnivaara to separate baptism by water and baptism by the Holy Spirit in his salvation theology. Simultaneously, the faith of a small child is denied, and rebirth is divided into two parts, the objective and the subjective, the latter being moved from the moment of baptism to a possible spiritual break-through at an age when the person possesses a more mature understanding. During his Laestadian-Lutheran era, Saarnivaara s theology of baptism was biblically consistent and the same for all people regardless of the person s age. Small children receive faith in baptism through the presence of Christ. The task of other people s faith is limited to the act of bringing the child to the baptism so that the child may receive his/her own faith from Christ and be born again as a child of God. The doctrine of baptism during Saarnivaara s Laestadian-neopietistic era represents in many aspects the emphases he presented during his first era, although they were now partly more radical. Baptism offers grace; it is not a means of grace. Justification, rebirth and salvation would take place later on when a person had reached an age with a more mature understanding through the word of God. A small child cannot be born again in baptism because being born again requires personal faith, which is received through hearing and understanding the law and the gospel. Saarnivaara s views on baptism during his first and third era are, unlike during his second era, quite controversial. The question of the salvation of a small child goes unanswered, or it is even denied. The central question during both eras is the demand of conversion and personal faith at a mature age. The background for this demand is in Saarnivaara s anthropology, which accentuates man s relationship to God as an intellectual and mental matter requiring understanding, and which needs no material instruments. The two first theological eras regarding Saarnivaara s doctrine of baptism lasted around ten years. The third era lasted over 40 years until his death.

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Animal Spirits is multi-channel video portrait of key personalities involved in the Global Financial Crisis. The four-screen installation displays these twelve decapitated apostles of free-market economic theory in a tableau of droning pontification. Trapped in a purgatorial loop, they endlessly spout vague and obfuscating explanations and defenses of their ideologies and (in)actions. The work takes a creatively quotidian approach to understanding the language of economics and the financial services industry. Through its endless loop of sound, image, and spoken text, the installation examines some of the ideas, narratives and power dynamics that foster and reward hubris and greed.

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Resumen: La presente colaboración pretende valorar la ‘historicidad’ de los textos del Nuevo Testamento, de aquellos que tradicionalmente se ha considerado que presentan una ‘envoltura’ ambiental más fidedigna. Tal tarea no puede llevarse a cabo sin un previo discernimiento de las diferencias que sus distintos textos presentan, sin explicar los ambientes distintos en los que cada tradición se forjo, ni la intencionalidad de los distintos géneros a los que se recurrió. La obra de Lucas, constituida por la suma del tercer evangelio sinóptico y de los llamados Hechos de los apóstoles, presenta la percepción más evidentemente diacrónica, desde el nacimiento de Jesús hasta la instalación del cristianismo en Roma, y suma casi un tercio del texto neotestamentario, bastante más si tenemos en cuenta que para su comprensión es necesario el cotejo con los otros evangelios sinópticos y con las cartas paulinas. La perspectiva desde la cual se enfrenta este estudio es la del historiador, no la de la exégesis, la obra de Lucas se analiza como si se tratase de un texto más de la tradición helenística. Un texto que ha de responder, por lo tanto, a unos cánones literarios comprensibles a sus hipotéticos lectores, un texto construido en los años de máximo esplendor del Imperio romano, muy probablemente a finales del siglo I, en un contexto geográfico y cultural de momento impreciso pero que ha de tener en cuenta los problemas palestinos posteriores a la guerra judía de los años 67-70 y el entorno de pugna religiosa y creatividad teológica que, necesariamente, habría de caracterizar a una religión nueva, aún en proceso de formación y que estaba perfilando y perfeccionando sus definitivas señas de identidad. En este sentido se ha de valorar la personalidad del autor y su nivel de compromiso con el grupo religioso del cual pretende presentar una semblanza; por supuesto, es necesario descifrar la intencionalidad del texto, mediatizada por el género y por el público al cual pretende llegar. Debemos insertar la información particular que Lucas-Hechos aporta dentro de un contexto y, cuando sea posible, corroborar su información recurriendo a otras fuentes contemporáneas. A partir de ese proceso podremos concluir si la información aportada es verídica o no, si tal nivel de precisión es imposible podremos al menos pronunciarnos sobre si es creíble o si, por el contrario, es un mero artificio.

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One of the crucial stages of the Apostle Paul’s ministry was his stay at Ephesus. However, considering the fact that the reliability of some data in the Acts of the Apostles on the time of Paul’s arrival to Ephesus is nowadays frequently put into question, it has become necessary to investigate the issue. In the present article the author assesses the relevant source material and takes a stand on the particular opinions of contemporary interpreters of the subject. Based on an analysis of the text of the Acts of the Apostles he is led to conclude that Luke’s account of Paul’s first short visit to Ephesus reveals traits of historicity.

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Contient : 1° « Le Chastel perilleux » [par Frère ROBERT] ; 2° « La Vie monseigneur saint Alixis » ; 3° « Miracles de la Vierge » ; 4° « Les.XII. bons Venredis que les sains apostles jeunerent en pain et en eaue pour amour de Dieu » ; 5° « Pourquoy on dit Helas » ; 6° « La Voye d'aler en paradis » ; 7° Ballade (fol. 218). Refrain : « Ne chiere que d'omme joyeux » ; 8° Chanson ; 9° Oraisons diverses en lafin ; 10° Traité de l'âme [par HUGUES DE ST-VICTOR] ; 11° « Recepte pour faire oignemant » ; 12° Traité de perfection chrétienne ; 13° « Ung moult beau Livre, lequel parle de la vie d'ung seigneur qui fut nommé Robert le Dyable » ; 14° Histoire de Griselidis