Improving design quality and value in the built environment through knowledge of intangibles

Raising design quality and value in the built environment requires continuous improvement, drawing on feedback from clients or occupiers and other industry players. The challenging task for architectural and engineering designers has always been to use their intellectual knowledge to deliver both forms of benefits, tangibles and intangibles, in the built environment. Increasingly as clients demand best value for money, there is a greater need to understand the potential from intangibles, to see projects not as ends in themselves but as means to improved quality of life and wealth creation. As we begin to understand more about how - through the design of the built environment - to deliver these improvements in outcomes, clients will be better placed to expect their successful delivery from designers, and designers themselves will be better placed to provide them. This paper discusses cross-disciplinary issues about intangibles and is aimed at designers, clients, investors and entrepreneurs within the built environment. It presents some findings from a minuscule study that investigated intangible benefits in a new primary school. © 2004 IEEE.

Ecology of Indian estuaries-XI. A preliminary survey of the fishery resources of the Ashtamudi estuarine system

The fish fauna of the Ashtamudi, the second largest estuarine system in Kerala (8°53'-9°02' N Lat. and 76°31'-76°41' E Long.) is listed. 97 species belonging to 39 families have been recorded, ofwhich69 are commercially important contributing to the fisheries of the Ashtamudi Estuary. Mullets, cichlids and the glassy perchlets are the most abundant groups and contribute appreciably to the landings. Results revealed that the estuarine system supports a good capture fishery which is seasonal. Majority of the fish fauna in the estuary are marine elements recruited from the adjoining Arabian Sea. An inventory of the craft and gear employed is presented and the sources of pollution in the estuarine system are described, aquacultural prospects of this area are discussed.

云南省HIV-1分子流行病学研究进展

云南省是中国HIV-1感染最早和最为严重的地区之一,流行的HIV-1病毒亚型种类复杂多样。已有证据表明国内其它地区的HIV-1亚型很可能主要来源于云南省。本文对云南省的HIV-1亚型的流行情况进行综述,希望能为预防控制云南省乃至全国HIV-1的流行以及合理设计HIV-1疫苗提供基础信息。

云南大山包黑颈鹤日间越冬时间分配和活动节律

2006年10月-2007年4月采用瞬时扫描取样法对云南省昭通市大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区内越冬的黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)种群进行了越冬时间分配和日间活动节律的研究.取食是黑颈鹤越冬期间最主要的行为,占(53.05±4.93)%,其次为警戒(18.75±2.65)%、搜寻00.38±1.34)%和休整(10.32±4.93)%,其余行为依次为:行走(4.901±1.59)%、飞行(1.70±0.38)%、其他(0.55±0.41)%、争斗(0.36_±0.25)%.黑颈鹤的出飞时间与日出时间、飞回时间与日落时间分别具有显著的正相关和负相关关系.越冬期间黑颈鹤日间各时间段(1h)(09:00-18:00)和各月份间(2006.11-2007.03)行为差异极显著(P<0.05),并呈现出上午和下午取食双峰、中午休息高峰的规律性变化.气温高时黑颈鹤增加休整时间减少取食时间;气温低时则减少休整时间增加取食时间.偏相关分析说明:环境温度独立地对越冬时间分配产生影响,湿度通过温度对黑颈鹤越冬时间分配产生相反的影响.

Stable operation of the Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine (BDFM)

A simple method of controlling the Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine (BDFM) is presented. The controller comprises two Proportional-Integral (PI) modules and requires only the rotor speed feedback. The machine model and the control system are developed in MATLAB. Both simulation and experimental results are presented. The performance of the system is presented in the motoring and generating operations. The experimental tests included in this paper were carried out on a 180 frame size BDFM with a nested-loop rotor. © 2007 IEEE.

The horizontal response of framed buildings on individual footings to excavation-induced movements

Deep excavations and tunnelling can cause ground movements that affect buildings within their influence zone. The current approach for building damage assessment is based on tensile strains estimated from the deflection ratio and the horizontal strains at the building foundation. This paper examines the significance of horizontal strains in buildings on individual footings. The first part of the paper presents a case study of a framed building in Singapore which was subjected to the effects of bored tunnelling, where significant horizontal strains were observed. The second part of the paper suggests a method to relate the horizontal strains induced in a building to the stiffness of the frame structure. Using a combination of simplified structural analysis and finite element models, design guidance is proposed to estimate excavation-induced horizontal strains in frame buildings on individual footings. © 2012 Taylor & Francis Group.

大兴安岭达尔滨湖桥弯藻科(硅藻门)中国新记录植物

报道了采自大兴安岭达尔滨湖及其周围沼泽水体的硅藻门桥弯藻科中国新记录植物9种1变种,分别为新箱形桥弯藻新月变种Cymbella neocistulavar.lunataKrammer、近箱形桥弯藻Cymbella subcistulaKrammer、疏纹内丝藻Encyonema paucistriatum(Cleve-Euler)Mann、普通内丝藻Encyonema vulgareKrammer、尖锐弯肋藻Cymbopleuraacuta(Schmidt)Krammer、英吉利弯肋藻Cymbopleur

A novel modeling approach for design studies of brushless doubly fed induction generator based on magnetic equivalent circuit

Brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG) has substantial benefits, which make it an attractive alternative as a wind turbine generator. However, it suffers from lower efficiency and larger dimensions in comparison to DFIG. Hence, optimizing the BDFIG structure is necessary for enhancing its situation commercially. In previous studies, a simple model has been used in BDFIG design procedure that is insufficiently accurate. Furthermore, magnetic saturation and iron loss are not considered because of difficulties in determination of flux density distributions. The aim of this paper is to establish an accurate yet computationally fast model suitable for BDFIG design studies. The proposed approach combines three equivalent circuits including electric, magnetic and thermal models. Utilizing electric equivalent circuit makes it possible to apply static form of magnetic equivalent circuit, because the elapsed time to reach steady-state results in the dynamic form is too long for using in population-based design studies. The operating characteristics, which are necessary for evaluating the objective function and constraints values of the optimization problem, can be calculated using the presented approach considering iron loss, saturation, and geometrical details. The simulation results of a D-180 prototype BDFIG are compared with measured data in order to validate the developed model. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

Generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies to study structure-function of envelope protein VP28 of white spot syndrome virus from shrimp

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major pathogen in shrimp aquaculture. VP28 is one of the most important envelope proteins of WSSV. In this study, a recombinant antibody library, as single-chain fragment variable (scFv) format, displayed on phage was constructed using mRNA from spleen cells of mice immunized with-full-length VP28 expressed in Escherichia coli. After several rounds of panning, six scFv antibodies specifically binding to the epitopes in the N-terminal, middle, and C-terminal regions of VP28, respectively, were isolated from the library. Using these scFv antibodies as tools, the epitopes in VP28 were located on the envelope of the virion by immuno-electron Microscopy, Neutralization assay with these antibodies in vitro suggested that these epitopes may not be the attachment site of WSSV to host cell receptor. This study provides a new way to investigate the structure and function of the envelope proteins of WSSV. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc.

A novel face recognition method based on hypersausage neural networks

In this paper, we firstly give the nature of 'hypersausages', study its structure and training of the network, then discuss the nature of it by way of experimenting with ORL face database, and finally, verify its unsurpassable advantages compared with other means.

Tunable optical properties of nano-Au on vanadium dioxide

The optical properties of Au nanoparticles deposited on thermochromic thin films of VO2 are investigated using spectroscopy. A localized modification on the transmittance spectrum of VO2 film is formed due to the presence of Au nanoparticles which exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible-near IR region. The position of the modification wavelength region shows a strong dependence on the Au mass thickness and shifts toward the red as it increases. On the other hand, it was found that the LSPR of Au nanoparticles can be thermally tunable because of the thermochromism of the supporting material of VO2. The LSPR wavelength, lambda(SPR), shifts to the blue with increasing temperature, and shifts back to the red as temperature decreases. A fine tuning is achieved when the temperature is increased in a stepwise manner.

夏玉米冠层叶片表观自由空间的差异研究

叶片自由空间在环境与冠层养分交换间具有重要作用,是目前植物营养学研究的重要领域之一。通过盆栽试验,以不同株型夏玉米为试材,研究了不同施氮水平(N 0、0.15和0.30 g/kg)下玉米冠层叶片表观自由空间(AFS)的差异。结果表明,不同生育期叶片AFS差异极显著(P<0.01),表现为随生育期推进,叶片AFS、生物量和全氮含量均逐渐降低;除成熟期,其它各生育期品种与施氮水平对叶片AFS的影响均存在显著的交互作用。施氮对叶片生物量的影响不显著,但施氮后叶片全氮含量显著增加。不同施氮水平下,植株冠层叶片AFS也存在显著差异,中量施氮处理(即N 0.15 g/kg)植株叶片AFS值(9.49)明显高于不施氮处理(9.03),但随施氮量进一步增加,叶片AFS下降,施氮量为N 0.30 g/kg时,叶片AFS为8.62;不同施氮水平各生育期不同叶层间叶片AFS、生物量和全氮含量差异显著(P<0.05)。不同品种间叶片全氮含量和AFS存在显著差异(P<0.05),以紧凑型品种陕单902叶片AFS最大,平均为9.24,显著高于其它品种;中间型品种农大108与平展型品种陕单9号间差异不显著,二者平均分别为9.06和8.85...