Impact of the Advisa MRI pacing system on the diagnostic quality of cardiac MR images and contraction patterns of cardiac muscle during scans: Advisa MRI randomized clinical multicenter study results.

BACKGROUND: The Advisa MRI system is designed to safely undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Its influence on image quality is not well known. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) image quality and to characterize myocardial contraction patterns by using the Advisa MRI system. METHODS: In this international trial with 35 participating centers, an Advisa MRI system was implanted in 263 patients. Of those, 177 were randomized to the MRI group and 150 underwent MRI scans at the 9-12-week visit. Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) cine long-axis steady-state free precession MR images were graded for quality. Signal loss along the implantable pulse generator and leads was measured. The tagging CMR data quality was assessed as the percentage of trackable tagging points on complementary spatial modulation of magnetization acquisitions (n=16) and segmental circumferential fiber shortening was quantified. RESULTS: Of all cine long-axis steady-state free precession acquisitions, 95% of LV and 98% of RV acquisitions were of diagnostic quality, with 84% and 93%, respectively, being of good or excellent quality. Tagging points were trackable from systole into early diastole (360-648 ms after the R-wave) in all segments. During RV pacing, tagging demonstrated a dyssynchronous contraction pattern, which was not observed in nonpaced (n = 4) and right atrial-paced (n = 8) patients. CONCLUSIONS: In the Advisa MRI study, high-quality CMR images for the assessment of cardiac anatomy and function were obtained in most patients with an implantable pacing system. In addition, this study demonstrated the feasibility of acquiring tagging data to study the LV function during pacing.

Pontificale parisiense [Pontifical dit de Poitiers ou de Vierzon].

Sur le feuillet de garde A, cette note autographe de Mabillon : « Hic codex optimae notae scriptus est ante annos circiter octingentos. Multa scitu digna continet, maxime in triduo ante Pascha. In litaniis sabbati sancti fit supplicatio pro congregatione S. Petri, quem patronum habet Pictavensis ecclesia. Invocantur etiam in iisdem sanctus Hilarius et sancta Radegundis, qui praecipue ad ecclesiam Pictavensem pertinent ; sed nulla mentio de aliis sanctis ejusdem dioecesis. Haec scripsi XI kal. decembris an. 1695. — F. J. M. » Fol. 1 : « Benedictio episcoporum. — Consecratio ». Fol. 2 : « Oratio ad ordinandum praesbiterum. — Consecratio. ». Fol. 3 : « Oratio ad ordinandum diaconum. — Consecratio. » Fol. 4 : « Ordo qualiter in Romana ecclesia praesbiteri, diaconi, subdiaconi ordinandi sunt. » Fol. 5 : « Ordinatio subdiaconi ». Fol. 5v° : « Ordinatio ostiarii. » Fol. 6 : « Ordinatio lectoris ». Fol. 6v° : « Ordinatio exorcistae ». Fol. 7 : « Ordinatio acoliti ». Fol. 7v° : « Incipit ordo qualiter publice vel specialiter agitur modus paenitentiae secundum censuram ecclesiasticam, quod quarta feria quinquagesime inchoatur ». Fol. 8v° : « Confessio pura coram Deo et angelis et coram omnibus sanctis » : — de superbia (fol. 12) ; de inani gloria (fol. 13) ; de invidia (fol. 13 vo) ; de ira (fol. 14 vo) ; de tristitia (fol. 15) ; de avaricia (fol. 16) ; de ventris ingluvie (fol. 20) ; de luxuria (fol. 23). Fol. 40v° : « Missa pro paenitentibus et confitentibus, sive unus sive plures fuerint ». Fol. 43 : « Denunciatio scrutinii quod tertia ebdomada in quadragesima secunda feria iniciatur ». Fol. 43v° : « Oratio super electos ad catecuminum faciendum ». Fol. 44 : « Benedictio salis dandi caticuminis. » — Prières et exhortations aux catéchumènes. Explication des évangiles. Fol. 54-56 : Le Credo, en grec avec traduction latine au-dessus. La traduction est faite de mot à mot. Pour l'article grec, le traducteur s'est contenté de mettre au-dessus, dans le texte latin, ces lettres ar. (articulus). Fol. 58v° : Explication du Pater. Fol. 60v° : « Incipit missa primi scrutinii ». Fol. : 63 : « Alia missa de secundo scrutinio ». Fol. 66v° : « Missa de tertio scrutinio ». Fol. 70 : « Sabbato ante diem Palmarum ». Fol. 72 : « Dominica indulgentiae quae est dies Palmarum ». Fol. 73 : Les 36 premiers vers de la pièce Gloria, laus de Théodulfe, évêque d'Orléans (Henry Martin signale l'éd. qu'en a fait Duemmler dans les Poetae latini aevi carolini, t. I, p. 558 : « Gloria, laus et honor tibi sit, Christe redemptor, Cui puerile decus promsit osanna pium. Israhel es tu rex Davidis et inclita proles, Nomine qui in Domini, rex benedicte, venis... » Fol. 95 :« Feria II post Palmas ». Fol. 98v° : « Feria tertia ». Fol. 130 : « Feria V, quae est cena Domini ». Fol. 141v° : « Alia missa eodem die, si plures ad reconciliandum venerint ». Fol. 154 : « Missa chrismalis ». Fol. 160 : Litanies. A noter : SS. Denys, Quentin, Julien, Géréon, Hilaire, Martin, Aignan, Benoît, Cloud [Clodoald], Ste Geneviève. Fol. 170v° : « Benedictio chrismatis principalis ». Fol. 171 : « Exorcismus olei ad baptizandos ». Fol. 173v° : In cena Domini de Flavius, évêque: « Versus Flavii episcopi ad mandatum in cena Domini ». « Tellus a cethra jubilent in magni cena principis, Que protoplasti pectora vite purgavit ferculo ; Hac nocte factor omnium potenti sat mysterio Carnem suam cum sanguine in escam transfert anime. — Tellus. » Fol. 174 : « Item versus Bedae » (Bède). « Fuit Domini dilectus languens a Bethania Lazarus beatus sacris olim cum sororibus quas Jhesus eternus Amor diligebat plurimum Martham simul et Mariam, felices per secula. » Fol. 174v° : « Feria VI quae est Parasceve ». Fol. 192v° : « Pange lingua gloriosi Proelium certaminis ». Fol. 193 : « Incipit de sabbato sancto. — Ordo baptisterii ». Fol. 200v° : Litanies. A noter : SS. Quentin, Cucuphat, Julien, Lucien, Hilaire, Martin, Benoît, Germain, Columban, Samson ; SStes Geneviève, Brigitte, Colombe, Radegonde, Aldegonde. — A noter aussi (fol. 201 vo) : « Ut exercitum Francorum conservare digneris. — Ut illum abbatem et cunctam congregationem sancti illius in tuo apto servitio conservare digneris... » Fol. 202 : « Benedictio cerei. — Exultet jam angelica turba coelorum. Exultent divina mysteria... », avec neumes. Fol. 208 : Litanies. A noter : SS. Hilaire, Martin, Ambroise, Maur, Maurille, Lezin, évêque d'Angers ; SStes Blandine, Nathalie. Fol. 210 : « Inde canitur hic versus : »« Urbs beata Hierusalem, dicta pacis visio, que construitur in celis vivis ex lapidibus... » Fol. 210v° : « Benedictio fontis ». Fol. 213 : vers « Tibi laus perennis auctor baptismatis... » Fol. 213v° : Litanies. A noter : SS. Martin, Brice, Médard, Vaast, Germain, Marcel, Hilaire ; SStes Reine, Julienne, Gertrude, Colombe, Geneviève, Afre, Radegonde, Aldegonde, Darie, Brigitte, Paule. — A noter (fol. 215) : « Ut exercitum Francorum conservare digneris. — Ut congregationem sancti Petri in tuo apto servitio conservare digneris ». Fol. 223 : « Finit ordo baptisterii ». Fol. 227 : Le jour de Pâques. Fol. 230v° : « Feria II ». Fol. 241 : « Feria quinta ». Fol. 245v° : « Feria VI ». Fol. 248 : « Sabbato ». Fol. 252v° : « In octavis Paschae ». Fol. 256v° : « Missa in octavis Paschae pro baptizatis ». Fol. 257v° : « Missa pro parroechias in diebus paschalibus... ». Fol. 258v° : « Fides catholica continens credulitatem... » Fol. 269 : « Missa pro conjugibus sterilitate infecundis in procreatione prolis ». Fol. 273v° : « Orationes ad benedicendam aquam aspergendam in domo. — Exorcismus salis ». Fol. 274 : « Benedictio salis. — Exorcismus aque. — Benedictio aque ». Fol. 274v° : « Benedictio salis et aquae... » etc. Fol. 275 : « Exorcismus salis et aquae contra fulgura ». Fol. 276 : « Benedictio salis ad pecora. — Orationes ad clericum faciendum ». Fol. 276v° : « Benedictio putei ». Fol. 277 : « Benedictio frugum novarum ». Fol. 277v° : « Benedictio panis. — Oratio ad capillarum (sic). — Alia ad tonsorandum puerum ». Fol. 278 : « Oratio post tonsionem. — Oratio ad barbas tondendas ». Fol. 278 : « lncipit actio pontificalis ad... » . Le verso du feuillet 279 est tout à fait effacé. Neumes français, du IXe s., aux f. 202-204 (l'Exultet) ; addition du Xe s. au f. 203 v° (Bernard).

Desempenho de frangos de corte alimentados com ingrediente de alta digestibilidade nas fases de criação pré-inicial e inicial

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de dieta, com inclusão de um núcleo energético-proteico (NEP) de alta digestibilidade, no desempenho produtivo e características de carcaça de frangos de corte. O NEP constituiu-se de composto de óleo degomado de soja, milho pré-gelatinizado, soja biprocessada, mananoligossacarídeos e peptídeos. O total de 864 pintainhos machos, da linhagem AgRoss 508, com um dia de idade, foram pesados individualmente e distribuídos em blocos ao acaso. Os tratamentos consistiram de suplementos com diferentes teores de NEP, com oito repetições com 27 aves cada: T1, controle, 0% de NEP; T2, 7% de NEP (1-7 dias) e 3,5% de NEP (8-21 dias); T3, 14% de NEP (1-7 dias) e 7% de NEP (8-21 dias); e T4, 21% de NEP (1-7 dias) e 10,5% de NEP (8-21 dias). Aos 21 dias de idade, o peso corporal, ganho de peso, consumo médio de ração, conversão alimentar e rendimento de carcaça e cortes não foram afetados significativamente pelos tratamentos experimentais. A utilização de NEP na dieta de frangos de corte não altera o desempenho das aves e não interfere nas variáveis de características de carcaça.

Can resistance to trastuzumab be reversed by endocrine therapy? Combination of trastuzumab and letrozole after resistance to sequential trastuzumab and aromatase inhibitor monotherapies in patients with ER-positive, HER-2 positive, advanced breast cancer: a proof-of-concept trial (SAKK 23/03)

Introduction: Trastuzumab (T) is a cornerstone in the treatment of patients with HER2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer and development of resistance to T is a major therapeutic problem. HER-2 is part of a highly interactive signaling network that may impair efficacy of endocrine therapy. A sequential treatment design was chosen in this trial to ensure complete resistance to single agent therapy before receiving both a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) and T. Any kind of clinical activity with combined treatment of AI and T after progression of single agent treatments could indicate restoration of sensitivity as a consequence of cross-talking and networking between both pathways. Methods: Key eligibility criteria included postmenopausal patients (pts.) with advanced, measurable, HER-2 positive (assessed by FISH, ratio (≥2)), HR positive disease and progression on prior treatment with a non-steroidal AI, e.g. letrozole or anastrozole, either in an adjuvant or advanced setting. Pts. received standard dose T monotherapy either weekly or three-weekly in step 1 and upon disease progression, continued T in combination with letrozole in step 2. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit response (CBR: CR, PR or SD for at least 24 weeks (+/- 1 week) according to RECIST) in step 2. Results: Thirteen pts. were enrolled in five centers in Switzerland. In step 1, six pts. (46%) achieved CBR. Median time to progression (TTP) was 161 days (Range: 50 - 627). Based on data collected until the end of May 2010, CBR was observed in seven out of the eleven evaluable pts. (64%) in step 2, including one pt. with partial response. Four of the seven pts. within step 2 that achieved CBR also had CBR in step 1. Seven out of eleven pts. have documented tumor progression during step 2 treatment. Median TTP for all eleven pts. was 184 days (range 61 - 471). Mean time on study treatment (TTP in step 1 plus TTP in step 2) for pts. reaching step 2 was 380 days (range 174 - 864). Adverse events were generally mild. Conclusion: Results of this proof-of-principle trial suggest that complete resistance to both AI and T can be overcome in a proportion of pts. by combined treatment of AI and T, as all pts. served as their own control. Our results appear promising for a new treatment strategy which offers a chemotherapy-free and well-tolerated option for at least a subset of the pts. with HR positive, HER-2 positive breast cancer. Further trials will need to corroborate this finding.

Value added logistical support service: logistiikan palveluiden tarjoajat Suomessa. osa 4

Tämä osatutkimus on VALSSI- tutkimusprojektin (Value Added Logistical Support Service) neljäs osavaihe. VALSSI- tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut selvittää logistiikkapalveluiden vaatimuksia business-to-business (B2B) ympäristössä ja määrittää logistiikkapalveluiden palvelukonsepti, jossa perinteiset logistiikkapalvelut on laajennettu tuotannollisilla ja lisäarvoa tuottavilla palveluilla. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut tuottaa ulkoistamista helpottavaa materiaalia erityisesti varastoinnin ja kuljetusten osalta. Edellisistä osavaiheista on saatavilla tutkimusraportit yliopiston Internet-sivuilta(www.lut.fi/tutkimus/valore). Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa Suomessa toimivien logistiikkapalveluyritysten palvelutarjonta. Tutkimus on keskittynyt palveluntarjoajiin, jotka tarjoavat erikoistunutta logistiikkaa (mm. tuotannollisia palveluita, hankintoja ja pakkauspalveluita) asiakkailleen. Tutkimukseen osallistuneet yritykset olivat suomalaisia ja kansainvälisiä sekä kuljetuspalveluita tarjoavia että logistiikkapalveluyrityksiä sekä alihankkijoina/tukkureina toimivia palveluntarjoajia. Huomionarvoista onkin, että moni yrityksistä käytti markkinoilta saatavia kuljetuspalveluita eikä toiminut itse kuljetusoperaattorina. Logistiikkapalveluyrityksissä huomattiin eroavaisuuksia asiakaspalvelun laajuudessa, ICT strategioissa, hankintojen ja kotiinkutsujen organisoinnissa, tuotannollisissa palveluissa sekä paluulogistiikassa. Varsinaiset varastointipalvelut ovat homogeenisia ja varastointiin liittyvät pakkaamispalvelut ovat pääasiassasamankaltaisia. Markkinoilla toimivien tukkukauppiaiden logistiikkaprosessit eroavat perinteisistä palveluntarjoajista. Tukkurit hoitavat laajasti mm. asiakaspalvelua, teknistä tukea sekä erikoistuneita tuotannollisia palveluita. Nykypäivänä asiakkaat asettavat enemmän vaatimuksia logistiikkapalveluyrityksen prosesseille ja prosessien johtamiselle. Tulevaisuudessa Suomessa ja maailmalla toimivat logistiikkapalveluyritykset tulevat toimimaan yhteistyöverkoissa Itä- Euroopan maat ovat entistä suuremmassa roolissa uusia jakelukanavia ja palveluita mietittäessä. Jo nyt on huomattavissa, että asiakkaat vaativat logistiikan palvelutarjoajia tarjoamaan entistä monipuolisempia ja tuotteistetumpia palveluita.

Value added logistical support service: logistiikan palveluiden tarjoajat Suomessa. osa 4

Tämä osatutkimus on VALSSI- tutkimusprojektin (Value Added Logistical Support Service) neljäs osavaihe. VALSSI- tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut selvittää logistiikkapalveluiden vaatimuksia business-to-business (B2B) ympäristössä ja määrittää logistiikkapalveluiden palvelukonsepti, jossa perinteiset logistiikkapalvelut on laajennettu tuotannollisilla ja lisäarvoa tuottavilla palveluilla. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut tuottaa ulkoistamista helpottavaa materiaalia erityisesti varastoinnin ja kuljetusten osalta. Edellisistä osavaiheista on saatavilla tutkimusraportit yliopiston Internet-sivuilta(www.lut.fi/tutkimus/valore). Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa Suomessa toimivien logistiikkapalveluyritysten palvelutarjonta. Tutkimus on keskittynyt palveluntarjoajiin, jotka tarjoavat erikoistunutta logistiikkaa (mm. tuotannollisia palveluita, hankintoja ja pakkauspalveluita) asiakkailleen. Tutkimukseen osallistuneet yritykset olivat suomalaisia ja kansainvälisiä sekä kuljetuspalveluita tarjoavia että logistiikkapalveluyrityksiä sekä alihankkijoina/tukkureina toimivia palveluntarjoajia. Huomionarvoista onkin, että moni yrityksistä käytti markkinoilta saatavia kuljetuspalveluita eikä toiminut itse kuljetusoperaattorina. Logistiikkapalveluyrityksissä huomattiin eroavaisuuksia asiakaspalvelun laajuudessa, ICT strategioissa, hankintojen ja kotiinkutsujen organisoinnissa, tuotannollisissa palveluissa sekä paluulogistiikassa. Varsinaiset varastointipalvelut ovat homogeenisia ja varastointiin liittyvät pakkaamispalvelut ovat pääasiassasamankaltaisia. Markkinoilla toimivien tukkukauppiaiden logistiikkaprosessit eroavat perinteisistä palveluntarjoajista. Tukkurit hoitavat laajasti mm. asiakaspalvelua, teknistä tukea sekä erikoistuneita tuotannollisia palveluita. Nykypäivänä asiakkaat asettavat enemmän vaatimuksia logistiikkapalveluyrityksen prosesseille ja prosessien johtamiselle. Tulevaisuudessa Suomessa ja maailmalla toimivat logistiikkapalveluyritykset tulevat toimimaan yhteistyöverkoissa Itä- Euroopan maat ovat entistä suuremmassa roolissa uusia jakelukanavia ja palveluita mietittäessä. Jo nyt on huomattavissa, että asiakkaat vaativat logistiikan palvelutarjoajia tarjoamaan entistä monipuolisempia ja tuotteistetumpia palveluita.

Caracterização fenológica e requerimento térmico da cultivar moscato giallo sob cobertura plástica

Os efeitos da cobertura plástica (CP) sobre a fenologia e o requerimento térmico da Vitis vinifera L. 'Moscato Giallo' foram estudados em dois ciclos (2005/2006 e 2006/2007). Determinou-se a duração média dos principais períodos fenológicos por meio de avaliações semanais, desde a poda até a queda das folhas. O somatório térmico em graus-dia acumulados (GD) foi calculado considerando-se a temperatura-base de 10ºC, e medidas da temperatura do ar máxima e mínima ao longo de todo o ciclo, nas áreas coberta e descoberta (testemunha). A cobertura plástica aumentou o somatório térmico e antecipou o início da brotação, reduzindo a duração das etapas fenológicas da poda até a mudança de cor das bagas. Entretanto, a redução da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA) proporcionada pela cobertura plástica atrasou, em média, 18 dias o processo de maturação das uvas da cultivar Moscato Giallo. A soma térmica acumulada (poda até colheita) das áreas coberta e descoberta foi, respectivamente, 2.079 e 1.847 GD no primeiro ciclo, e 1.864 e 1.640 GD no segundo ciclo. A cobertura plástica exige uma alteração nas práticas culturais, como a necessidade de poda verde para reduzir os efeitos da restrição de RFA e o atraso na data de colheita, em relação ao cultivo convencional, em função da menor taxa de evolução da maturação sob a cobertura.

Avaliação genética de seleções e híbridos de limões cravo, volkameriano e rugoso como porta-enxertos para laranjeiras Valência na presença da morte súbita dos citros

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a avaliação genética da produção de frutos, eficiência produtiva e altura de laranjeiras Valência (Citrus sinensis) enxertadas em seleções e híbridos dos limões Cravo (C. limonia), Volkameriano (C. volkameriana) e Rugoso (C. jambhiri), em área endêmica para morte súbita dos citros (MSC). Foram avaliados 36 genótipos desses porta-enxertos, representados por cinco plantas cada, avaliados em cinco safras, do terceiro ao sétimo ano após o plantio. Sete dos genótipos avaliados apresentaram plantas com sintomas de MSC até o sétimo ano: Rangpur Otaheite orange 12901 (859), Rangpur Red Lime D.33.30 (866), Limão-Cravo EEL (871), Rangpur Borneo red (874), Citrus kokhai (1649), Limão-Rugoso 58329 (1655) e Limão- Cravo x Swingle B (1695). Para os genótipos que não manifestaram sintomas da doença, foram estimados parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos e realizada a predição de valores genéticos dos indivíduos, visando à seleção e ao melhoramento genético para as características citadas, empregando-se o método REML/BLUP (máxima verossimilhança restrita/melhor predição linear não viciada). A análise de produção de frutos de cinco safras mostrou acurácia seletiva de 84,59%, tornando-se desnecessária a avaliação de maior número de safras. A seleção dos sete melhores genótipos proporcionou ganhos genéticos de 11,5% na produção de frutos, enquanto a do melhor genótipo conferiu ganho genético de 16,3%. As maiores médias genéticas preditas (>70,0 kg.pl-1) para produção de frutos foram obtidas pelos genótipos Limão-Cravo- Ipanema (1522), Santa- Bárbara-Red- Lime (884), Limão- Cravo- Limeira (863), Limão- Cravo- Taquaritinga (869), Limão- Rugoso- do -Cabo (1643), Rangpur- Rose Lime (868) e Limão- Cravo- da- Califórnia (1467). Já a acurácia seletiva da eficiência produtiva, para quatro colheitas, foi 77,4%. Para este caráter, as maiores médias genéticas (>8,0 kg.m-3) foram dos genótipos Rangpur- Lime x Trifoliata 3810 (1648), Rangpur- Lime x Trifoliata 5320 (1644), Limão- Cravo x Citrange- Carrizo (1524), Citrus pennivesiculata (880), Limão- Cravo x Trifoliata- Swingle A (1707), Rangpur- Rose- Lemon 124684 (864), Rangpur- Red -Lime D33.47 (867) e Limão- Cravo -Ipanema (1522). Dentre os 10 melhores genótipos para produção de frutos e para eficiência produtiva, apenas três são coincidentes: Rangpur- Rose -Lime (868), Citrus pennivesiculata (880) e Limão- Cravo-Ipanema (1522).

Prediction of multiple infections after severe burn trauma: a prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop predictive models for early triage of burn patients based on hypersusceptibility to repeated infections. BACKGROUND: Infection remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity after severe trauma, demanding new strategies to combat infections. Models for infection prediction are lacking. METHODS: Secondary analysis of 459 burn patients (≥16 years old) with 20% or more total body surface area burns recruited from 6 US burn centers. We compared blood transcriptomes with a 180-hour cutoff on the injury-to-transcriptome interval of 47 patients (≤1 infection episode) to those of 66 hypersusceptible patients [multiple (≥2) infection episodes (MIE)]. We used LASSO regression to select biomarkers and multivariate logistic regression to built models, accuracy of which were assessed by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and cross-validation. RESULTS: Three predictive models were developed using covariates of (1) clinical characteristics; (2) expression profiles of 14 genomic probes; (3) combining (1) and (2). The genomic and clinical models were highly predictive of MIE status [AUROCGenomic = 0.946 (95% CI: 0.906-0.986); AUROCClinical = 0.864 (CI: 0.794-0.933); AUROCGenomic/AUROCClinical P = 0.044]. Combined model has an increased AUROCCombined of 0.967 (CI: 0.940-0.993) compared with the individual models (AUROCCombined/AUROCClinical P = 0.0069). Hypersusceptible patients show early alterations in immune-related signaling pathways, epigenetic modulation, and chromatin remodeling. CONCLUSIONS: Early triage of burn patients more susceptible to infections can be made using clinical characteristics and/or genomic signatures. Genomic signature suggests new insights into the pathophysiology of hypersusceptibility to infection may lead to novel potential therapeutic or prophylactic targets.

L'exploration temporelle comme modalité du voyage imaginaire dans la bande dessinée franco-belge (1930-1980)

In this paper, I explore the motif of time travel in science fictional French comics until the eighties. Time travel incorporates a fascinating potential for narrative representation, since moving back in time may multiply timelines, according to the well-known paradox of the grandfather. This virtuality has become very popular in novels and in movies, since In his Bootstraps (Heinlein, 1941) and La Jetée (Marker, 1962) until the recent Looper (Johnson, 2012) but it has been rarely represented in French comics before the eighties and the apparition of time paradoxes in series like "Yoko Tsuno" and, mostly, "Valérian agent spatio-temporel". Firstly, many modalities of time travel do not engender time paradoxes, like exploration of prehistoric sanctuaries, imaginary travel, or cryogenic sleep followed by an awakening if a future world with no hope to return in the past. Secondly, time travel has been mostly interpreted as a mere extension of the classic motif of the "extraordinary journey", as exemplified for centuries in fictions by Verne, Mercier, Swift, or Stevenson. Thus, the graphic potential of time travel for the representation of spectacular exotic worlds has predominated in French comic tradition, and this tendency has been encouraged by the dominant mode of publication until the end of the sixties. Indeed, complex scriptwriting involving multiple timelines would not fit the form of a weekly feuilleton addressed to a young audience, because it would be too demanding cognitively speaking. It illustrates also the dominance of graphic concerns over a taste for complex scriptwriting in many comics of this period. Still, the development of time paradoxes in Pierre Christin scriptwriting underlines the potential of the media when it is published in series of albums or in graphic novels. At the same time, Jean-Claude Mézières drawings-featuring spectacular representations of foreign worlds-show that the visual interest of spectacular time travels remains a central issue for this popular graphic medium. Cette étude porte sur le motif du voyage temporel dans la bande dessinée franco-belge de science- fiction jusque dans les années quatre-vingt. Le voyage temporel intègre un potentiel fascinant pour la représentation narrative, étant donné que le retour dans le passé est susceptible d'engendrer des lignes temporelles multiples, selon le paradoxe bien connu du « grand-père ». Cette virtualité est devenue très populaire dans les romans et dans les films, depuis In his Bootstraps (Heinlein, 1941) et La Jetée (Marker, 1962) jusqu'au récent Looper (Johnson, 2012), mais elle a rarement été représentée dans la bande dessinée franco-belge avant les années quatre-vingt et l'apparition de paradoxes temporels dans des séries comme « Yoko Tsuno » et, surtout, « Valérian agent spatio-temporel ». Tout d'abord, de nombreuses modalités du voyage dans le temps n'engendrent aucun paradoxe, par exemple l'exploration de sanctuaires préhistoriques, le voyage illusoire ou le sommeil cryogénique suivi d'un réveil dans le futur, sans espoir de revenir dans le passé. Deuxièmement, le voyage dans le temps a été plus souvent interprété comme une simple extension du motif classique du « voyage extraordinaire », tel qu'on le retrouve, depuis le XVIIIe siècle, les fictions de Verne, Mercier, Swift ou Stevenson. Ainsi, le potentiel graphique du voyage dans le temps pour la représentation de mondes exotiques spectaculaires a prédominé dans la tradition franco-belge et cette tendance a été encouragée par le mode de publication dominant jusqu'à la fin des années soixante. En effet, l'écriture de scénarios complexes impliquant de multiples lignes temporelles ne semble pas adaptée à la forme d'un feuilleton hebdomadaire destiné à un jeune public, parce qu'il aurait été trop exigeant, cognitivement parlant. Cela illustre également la prédominance de préoccupations graphiques sur l'écriture de scénarios complexes dans de nombreuses bandes dessinées de cette période. Pourtant, le développement de paradoxes temporels dans les scénarios de Pierre Christin souligne le potentiel du média quand il est publié en série d'albums ou dans des romans graphiques. Parallèlement, les dessins de Jean-Claude Mézières, qui proposent des représentations spectaculaires de mondes étrangers, montre que l'intérêt visuel du voyage dans le temps demeure une question centrale pour ce média populaire.

Population-based incidence of myeloid malignancies: fifteen years of epidemiological data in the province of Girona, Spain

Myeloid malignancies (MMs) are a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies presenting different incidence, prognosis and survival.1–3 Changing classifications (FAB 1994, WHO 2001 and WHO 2008) and few available epidemiological data complicate incidence comparisons.4,5 Taking this into account, the aims of the present study were: a) to calculate the incidence rates and trends of MMs in the Province of Girona, northeastern Spain, between 1994 and 2008 according to the WHO 2001 classification; and b) to predict the number of MMs cases in Spain during 2013. Data were extracted from the population-based Girona Cancer Registry (GCR) located in the north-east of Catalonia, Spain, and covering a population of 731,864 inhabitants (2008 census). Cases were registered according to the rules of the European Network for Cancer Registries and the Manual for Coding and Reporting Haematological Malignancies (HAEMACARE project). To ensure the complete coverage of MMs in the GCR, and especially myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a retrospective search was performed. The ICD-O-2 (1990) codes were converted into their corresponding ICD-O-3 (2000) codes, including MDS, polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) as malignant diseases. Results of crude rate (CR) and European standardized incidence rate (ASRE) were expressed per 100,000 inhabitants/year

Molecular Characteristics of Neuroblastoma with Special Reference to Novel Prognostic Factors and Diagnostic Applications

Molecular Characteristics of Neuroblastoma with Special Reference to Novel Prognostic Factors and Diagnostic Applications Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics Annales Universitatis Turkuensis, Medica-Odontologica, 2009, Turku, Finland Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2009 Background: Neuroblastoma, which is the most common and extensively studied childhood solid cancer, shows a great clinical and biological heterogeneity. Most of the neuroblastoma patients older than one year have poor prognosis despite intensive therapies. The hallmark of neuroblastoma, biological heterogeneity, has hindered the discovery of prognostic tumour markers. At present, few molecular markers, such as MYCN oncogene status, have been adopted into clinical practice. Aims: The aim of the study was to improve the current prognostic methodology of neuroblastoma, especially by taking cognizance of the biological heterogeneity of neuroblastoma. Furthermore, unravelling novel molecular characteristics which associate with neuroblastoma tumour progression and cell differentiation was an additional objective. Results: A new strictly defined selection of neuroblastoma tumour spots of highest proliferation activity, hotspots, appeared to be representative and reliable in an analysis of MYCN amplification status using a chromogenic in situ hybridization technique (CISH). Based on the hotspot tumour tissue microarray immunohistochemistry and high-resolution oligo-array-based comparative genomic hybridization, which was integrated with gene expression and in silico analysis of existing transcriptomics, a polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and poorly characterized amplicon at 12q24.31 were discovered to associate with outcome. In addition, we found that a previously considered new neuroblastoma treatment target, the mutated c-kit receptor, was not mutated in neuroblastoma samples. Conclusions: Our studies indicate polysialylated NCAM and 12q24.31 amplicon to be new molecular markers with important value in prognostic evaluation of neuroblastoma. Moreover, the presented hotspot tumour tissue microarray method together with the CISH technique of the MYCN oncogene copy number is directly applicable to clinical use. Key words: neuroblastoma, polysialic acid, neural cell adhesion molecule, MYCN, c-kit, chromogenic in situ hybridization, hotspot

Vaticinia Jesaiae in Idumaeos latine versa

Dedicatio: Abrahamus Fellman.

Efeito do tratamento de sementes com fungicida sobre o controle de doenças na parte aérea do trigo

O controle das doenças foliares do trigo (Triticum aestivum) através do tratamento de sementes foi avaliado em Passo Fundo, RS em 1999. A cultivar usada no experimento foi OR 1, conhecida por sua suscetibilidade ao oídio e à ferrugem da folha. Todos os fungicidas diferiram (p > 0,05) da testemunha, não tratada em rendimento de grãos (REND) e peso do hectolitro (PH). Os maiores rendimentos foram obtidos nos tratamentos fluquinconazole + procloraz nas doses de 250,0 g + 51,0 g e 125,0 g + 25,0 g (2.943 kg/ha e 2.864 kg/ha), 132 e 125 %, respectivamente, superiores ao rendimento da testemunha (1.270 kg/ha). Os fungicidas triazóis indicados pela pesquisa (triticonazole, difenoconazole e triadimenol) produziram 1.908 kg/ha, 1.821 kg/ha e 1.815 kg/ha, respectivamente e não diferiram entre si. Não foram observados efeitos fitotóxicos dos tratamentos de sementes com os diferentes fungicidas e doses em teste. O controle do oídio (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) e da ferrugem da folha (Puccinia triticina) foi efetivo até aos 98 DAE (dias após a emergência), a partir do qual atingiu-se o limiar indicado para pulverização na parte aérea recomendado. Aos 108 DAE os fungicidas começaram a perder a persistência e aos 118 DAE, as severidades médias de oídio e ferrugem, dos diferentes tratamentos, foram de 6,52% e 33,90% e o da testemunha de 16,5% e 78,0%, respectivamente. O tratamento de sementes com fungicidas como demonstrado nesse trabalho, quando associado com rotação cultural e cultivares mais resistentes, poderá ter importante papel no controle das doenças foliares do trigo reduzindo o custo e a poluição ambiental.

Caracterização de uma população de cacaueiro para mapeamento de genes de resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa e podridão-parda

O cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao) é alvo de diversas enfermidades, sendo que a podridão-parda, causada por Phytophthora spp. é a principal delas mundialmente. Entretanto, no Brasil, a vassoura-de-bruxa causada por Crinipellis perniciosa, é a mais devastadora. A busca de fontes de resistência às doenças é a etapa básica para programas de melhoramento genético e, nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou caracterizar quantitativamente uma progênie oriunda do cruzamento entre os clones SIC-864 e CCN-51, dois genótipos contrastantes para diversas características, inclusive para resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa e podridão-parda. Foram avaliados em condições de campo o número médio de frutos por planta por ano, porcentagem de frutos sadios, porcentagem de frutos com vassoura-de-bruxa, porcentagem de frutos com podridão-parda, número médio de vassouras vegetativas por planta por ano e número médio de vassouras de almofada floral por planta por ano, durante um período de quatro anos. As estatísticas descritivas da produtividade e da resistência a doenças foram calculadas considerando os valores máximo, médio e mínimo, o desvio padrão, o coeficiente de variação, e a distribuição da freqüência. O coeficiente de repetibilidade foi calculado para estimar a acurácia da variação fenotípica por efeitos ambientais pelos métodos da análise de variância, componentes principais e análise estrutural. Foi demonstrado o caráter segregante dessa progênie para resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa e à podridão-parda e para outras características, mostrando a utilidade da população para estudos de mapeamento genético utilizando marcadores moleculares, visando identificar genes de resistência e "quantitative trait loci" (QTLs) dissimilares dos encontrados no clone Scavina-6, tradicionalmente usado em programas de melhoramento genético do cacaueiro.