X-ray spectra induced by slow highly charged Arq+ ions in collision with Nb surface

The X-ray spectra of Nb surface induced by Arq+ (q = 16,17) ions with the energy range from 10 to 20 keV/q were studied by the optical spectrum technology. The experimental results indicate that the multi-electron excitation occurred as a highly charged Ar16+ ion was neutralized below the metal surface. The K shell electron of Ar16+ was excited and then de-excited cascadly to emit K X-ray. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from K shell of the hollow Ar atom decreased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from L shell of the target atom Nb increased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The X-ray yield of Ar17+ is three magnitude orders larger than that of Ar16+.

大兴安岭呼中林区火烧迹地粗木质残体特征

对大兴安岭呼中林区不同年份火烧迹地的粗木质残体特征进行了研究.结果表明:呼中林区火烧迹地粗木质残体贮量在24.87～180.98m3.hm-2,其中倒木和枯立木分别为6.03～93.91m3.hm-2和15.29～138.37m3.hm-2,且不同年份火烧迹地之间差异显著;倒木、枯立木所占比例分别为24.26%～86.00%和14.01%～75.4%,且不同年份火烧迹地之间差异显著;倒木和枯立木的优势径级分别为2.50～20cm和1.50～15m,优势长度分别为2.50～15cm和5～20m;随着火烧迹地的恢复,粗木质残体贮量的动态变化不明显.粗木质残体特征与火前林分条件和火烧强度密切相关.

脱落酸对UV-C胁迫下小麦幼苗光合特性及抗氧化酶活性的影响

研究了UV-C辐射下短期和长期脱落酸(ABA)处理对小麦幼苗CO2同化作用、羧化效率、光合CO2响应以及抗氧化酶活性等的影响.结果表明,在无UV-C辐射情况下,短期和长期ABA处理能提高光合速率,比对照增加14·69%和20·46%,降低气孔导度,比对照降低14·74%和17·31%,但对胞间CO2浓度和羧化效率影响不大.当受到UV-C辐射时,光合速率、羧化效率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度逐渐降低.长期ABA处理变化最小,其次为ABA短期处理,对照降低最大.ABA处理能够提高小麦光合对CO2的响应,UV-C辐射抑制光合对CO2的响应.ABA处理能够提高小麦抗氧化酶(CAT、SOD、POD)活性而降低MDA含量.在UV-C辐射下,CAT活性先升高随后降低,在辐射处理1h时活性达最大值,ABA处理的SOD和POD活性先升高后降低,且ABA长期处理比短期处理增加明显,对照则逐渐降低.ABA处理可能通过提高小麦CO2同化作用和抗氧化酶活性增强对UV-C胁迫的抗性,且ABA长期处理比短期处理效果更明显.

我国污染土壤修复研究现状与展望

介绍了我国土壤污染的突出特点及其危害,回顾了污染土壤从清洁技术研究到物理、化学和生物修复研究的历程,总结了污染土壤修复取得的初步成果,提出了污染土壤修复的实质和系统技术方法。根据我国土壤污染的实际和修复需求,本文提出了当前本领域急需开展的研究内容,预测了污染土壤修复研究对环境科学相关学科的推动作用。

Sol-gel derived Y2O3 as an efficient bluish-white phosphor without metal activator ions

In this paper, Y2O3 powder phosphors without metal activators were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. The obtained sample shows an intense bluish-white emission (ranging from 350 to 600 nm, centered at 416 nm) under a wide range of UV light excitation (235-400 nm). The chromaticity coordinates of the sample are x = 0.159, y = 0.097, and the quantum yield is as high as 64.6%, which is a high value among the phosphor family without metal activators. The luminescent mechanisms have been ascribed to the carbon impurities in the Y2O3 host.

Platinum-macrocycle co-catalyst for electro-oxidation of formic acid

In this work, a new promoter, tetrasulfophthalocyanine (FeTSPc), one kind of environmental friendly material, was found to be very effective in both inhibiting self-poisoning and improving the intrinsic catalysis activity, consequently enhancing the electro-oxidation current during the electro-oxidation of formic acid. The cyclic voltammograms test showed that the formic acid oxidation peak current density has been increased about 10 times compared with that of the Pt electrode without FeTSPc. The electrochemical double potential step chronoamperometry measurements revealed that the apparent activity energy decreases from 20.64 kJ mol(-1) to 17.38 kJ mol(-1) after Pt electrode promoted by FeTSPc. The promoting effect of FeTSPc may be owed to the specific structure and abundant electrons of FeTSPc resulting in both the steric hindrance of the formation of poisoning species (CO) and intrinsic kinetic enhancement. In the single cell test, the performance of DFAFC increased from 80 mW cm(-2) mg(-1) (Pt) to 130 mW cm(-2) mg(-1) after the anode electrode adsorbed FeTSPc.

Donut-shaped spray chamber for inductively coupled plasma spectrometry

A donut-shaped spray chamber has been developed for the introduction of aerosol and/or volatile chemical species into the inductively coupled plasma. Compared with the Fassel-Scott spray chamber, it gives a higher efficiency of aerosol generation and transportation and superior stable inner pressure. As a result, it brings the benefits of higher intensity signal, lower background, higher measurement precision, and better detection limits. Using:his spray chamber, it is more convenient to introduce volatile chemical species into the sampling system, and more flexible for the choice of introducing aerosol and volatile chemical species separately or simultaneously into the plasma. It is also suitable for FIA technique. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

胆红素系列氧化过程中的自催化现象

胆红素系列氧化过程中的自催化现象牛建军，董绍俊（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所电分析化学开放研究实验室，长春，１３００２２）关键词胆红素；胆汁红紫素；电催化氧化胆红素（ＢＲ）曾一度被认为是一种毒害性物质，因为它是导致黄疸病和核黄疸的主要原因［１，２］。...

HMTTeF·I_(1.5)单晶的合成、电导及晶体结构的特性

由六次甲基四碲富瓦烯(HMTTeF)所形成的有机化合物晶体,有两种可能的化学结合形式:一种是分子中的Te原子离子化,形成离子型化合物;另一种是分子中心共轭π键离子化,或者形成离子型化合物,或者形成混合价态型化合物。至今被报道的HMTTe F化合物晶体都只含有其中一种化学结合形式,而标题化合物晶体则同时含有上述两种化学结合形式。本文将该晶体的晶体结构、化学结合与电导性的关系作简要的讨论。

Analysis of tandem repeats in the genome of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Through random sequencing, we found a total of 884000 base-pairs (bp) of random genomic sequences in the genome of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). Using bio-soft Tandem Repeat Finder (TRF) software, 2159 tandem repeats were found, in which there were 1714 microsatellites and 445 minisatellites, accounting for 79.4% and 20.6% of repeat sequences, respectively. The cumulative length of repeat sequences was found to be 116685 bp, accounting for 13.2% of the total DNA sequence; the cumulative length of microsatellites occupied 9.78% of the total DNA sequence, and that of minisatellites occupied 3.42%. In decreasing order, the 20 most abundant repeat sequence classes were as follows: AT (557), AC (471), AG (274), AAT (92), A (56), AAG (28), ATC (27), ATAG (27), AGG (18), ACT (15), C (11), AAC (11), ACAT (11), CAGA (10), AGAA (9), AGGG (7), CAAA (7), CGCA (6), ATAA (6), AGAGAA (6). Dinucleotide repeats, not only in the aspect of the number, but also in cumulative length, were the preponderant repeat type. There were few classes and low copy numbers of repeat units of the pentanucleotide repeat type, which included only three classes: AGAGA, GAGGC and AAAGA. The classes and copy numbers of heptanucleotide, eleven-nucleotide and thirteen-nucleotide primer-number-composed repeats were distinctly less than that of repeat types beside them.

花锚植物的引种栽培技术

本发明涉及一种花锚植物的引种栽培技术，该技术包括种子处理技术和引种栽培技术。本发明通过采用花锚种子的物理和化学处理方法，使花锚种子萌发率达75％以上；通过地膜覆盖技术，即在种子播种前采用地膜覆盖7- 28天，可有效地控制杂草数量和生长，为规模化种植奠定可靠的基础；通过在拔1500 —4500米的原产水浇大田或适宜旱耕地的引种栽培途径，可快速恢复花锚植物的资源量，并有效地保证花锚植物的药材品质和药效成分。