Por uma teorização das organizações de produção artesanal: habilidades produtivas nos caminhos singulares do Rio de Janeiro

The purpose of this thesis is to support the argument that workmanship production centers don¿t represent just survival strategy of social groups marginal to economical structure. Workmanship organizations are productive schemes that survived, in a parallel way, to the industrialization process, although they don¿t have been considered by the organization theory. The knowledge reserve in administration, from the traditional approach to critical studies, increased concerns on industrial organizations and business arrangements. Nevertheless, it is possible to find in Teoria da Delimitação dos Sistemas Sociais, from Guerreiro Ramos, elements to comprehend workmanship organizations as: technology, scale and sustainability, cognition, space and relationship and time. The research methodology used was bibliographic, field and documental, regarding action-research. It comes to the conclusion that, at present time, to keep it as distinct productive schemes, workmanship organizations must be associated to tourism and culture. The production must be thematic, with territorial identity, creative and sustainable, by the management of local raw material.

Sistemas de informações sobre recursos hídricos e a dupla dominialidade das águas: o caso da integração do sistema nacional e dos sistemas estaduais de recursos hídricos na Bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul

The National Water Management Policy was defined by Law 9.433/97 (Water Act), establishing the hydrographic basin as the management unity, independently of geographic limits and respective federal organisms. Nevertheless, water management entities and instruments are directly associated to different federal entities located within the same basin, and depend on them for being effective. The absence of law mechanisms that conciliate the various requisitions of federal organisms located in the same basin is a challenge still without brazilian law support. This study describes the integration process of information systems in Paraíba do Sul river basin. It also emphasizes integration restrictions of these systems, the cooperation level and the instruments used by the various actors and federal organisms in order to meet National Water Management Policy objectives. The management instrument Water Management Information System is presented as an important component that helps the stakeholders decision making process involved in water management, respecting federalism and the water domains defined in the brazilian constitution, and according to the policy established in the Water Act. In theoretical aspects, this work presents the basic concepts of National Water Management Policy institutional arrangement, considering the network aspects in public policy, the limits imposed by federalism and the way that the water domains is defined in the brazilian constitution and according to the brazilian Water Act. Besides, it identifies the most significant questions related with information systems implementation in public administration and water management. It also illustrates how cooperative federalism and information systems may create conditions that do guarantee the National Water Management Policy management instruments operationality within a hydrographic basin. The action research method was used to develop the research and the selected entity was the Fundação Superintendência Estadual de Rios e Lagoas (Serla). Serla was the water management entity in Rio de Janeiro state, at the research beginning. Others methods as bibliographic and documentary research were also used, aiming to describe the hydrographic basin, as well as the processes and systems concerned with the implementation of the National Water Management Policy in Paraíba do Sul basin.

Desordem ou vácuo institucional?: uma análise dos discursos presentes na educação superior peruana

This thesis is about change, discontinuity, instability. The theoretical perspective used to analyses the changing process was Institutional Theory, which argues that institutions has a long-term time. The institutional change has always be seen as a structural process and a incremental one, but this research aimed rescue the dynamic side of institutional change, understanding that as a result of deinstitutionalization and institutionalization processes. In order to understand the deinstitutionalization and institutionalization processes, we try to understand the concepts of interactive and iterative. So, it was possible understand that these process are interdependent and has to be understood as both side of institutional change. Nevertheless, it couldn¿t have an institutional vacuum, but a hybrid order or plural one, where a set of institutional forces would find its legitimacy. The Discourses Analysis supports this research, which was developed in Peru. A group of University professors was interviewed and we noticed that there are a lot of practices that act as micro institutional rules. In that way, we can admit that there is no vacuum, but a plural institutional order.

Autodeterminação local e desenvolvimento: uma análise da dinâmica social no município de São Roque de Minas

In this thesis, the basic research of Chase and Simon (1973) is questioned, and we seek new results by analyzing the errors of experts and beginners chess players in experiments to reproduce chess positions. Chess players with different levels of expertise participated in the study. The results were analyzed by a Brazilian grandmaster, and quantitative analysis was performed with the use of statistical methods data mining. The results challenge significantly, the current theories of expertise, memory and decision making in this area, because the present theory predicts piece on square encoding, in which players can recognize the strategic situation reproducing it faithfully, but commit several errors that the theory can¿t explain. The current theory can¿t fully explain the encoding used by players to register a board. The errors of intermediary players preserved fragments of the strategic situation, although they have committed a series of errors in the reconstruction of the positions. The encoding of chunks therefore includes more information than that predicted by current theories. Currently, research on perception, trial and decision is heavily concentrated on the idea of 'pattern recognition'. Based on the results of this research, we explore a change of perspective. The idea of 'pattern recognition' presupposes that the processing of relevant information is on 'patterns' (or data) that exist independently of any interpretation. We propose that the theory suggests the vision of decision-making via the recognition of experience.

Ação social das empresas privadas: uma metodologia para avaliação de resultados

In the recent years Corporate Social Action (CSA) has become more and more relevant to corporate context. The aim is to benefit both poor communities and the donnor companies, as it meets the needs of their salient stakeholders. Nevertheless, there still exists considerable scepticism concerning CSA. In order to become a solid management practice, it is critcal to evidence the attained results. Up to now, the focus has been on process evaluation, that is, on the policies companies are adopting. Literature revision has shown a great need of studies related to results identification in this field. Therefore, using stakeholders` framework (according to Wood, 1991; Donaldson and Preston, 1995; Hopkins, 1997; Hamil, 1999), we have developped a methodology to evaluate CSA results, based on public and private effectiveness criteria. As we applied it to assess Xerox social action in Brazil we were able to identify the attainment degree of expected results related to the benefitted community (Mangueira) and also to some Xerox salient stakeholders (employees and clients).

Sentidos do trabalho informacional corporativo: uma investigação sobre o impacto do conhecimento no trabalho contemporâneo

This study proposes and uses a multipolar qualitative methodology for the investigation of the meanings of corporate work under the impact of the technical-scientific knowledge. Based on the constructionist epistemology and on a heideggerian approach, this methodology made possible the description of such phenomenon under the Management perspective, but also under the Psychology, Sociology and Philosophy views. Study starts with empirical data, collected by interviews and in publications, and analyzes them based on conceptual contributions from the four referred poles. As a result, this investigation proposes reflexivity, impermanence and entanglement as meanings of the corporate work that culminate in the paradoxical work. It also demonstrates that the impact of knowledge occurs in a reflexive spiral of complexification, continuously affecting individuals and work processes; describes the impermanent character of the work ruled by time, by neophilia and by uncertainties that make precarious the very subjective experience of worker; and proposes that this work becomes entangled due to the way it is managed, and is an entangling work, for embarrassing the individual in its techniques, logics and dissonances. The paradoxical essence that emerges from this appreciation of corporate work is described on the following scopes: its reflexivity does not prevent its rationality to be fragile; its dynamism coexists with the difficulty to achieve substantive organizational changes; its entanglement compromises the possibilities of an apparently reachable well-being; its focus on present ends up to be emptied; and its purpose of individual sustenance becomes unsustainable due to hyperconsumption. But the conclusions of the study do no describe a definitive phenomenon. At the ending, it points out possibilities of living with the paradoxical work as well as possibilities of its transformation.

Responsabilidade corporativa: entre o social e o regulado estudo de um setor da siderurgia brasileira

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as dimensões de responsabilidade corporativa "regulada" e a responsabilidade corporativa "social", explorando o conceito de responsabilidade social em relação às práticas de responsabilidade social e regulada, bem como sua aplicação no ramo siderúrgico brasileiro, especificamente nas seguintes empresas: Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional, CSN e Companhia Siderúrgica Paulista, COSIP A. Em linhas gerais, os resultados chamaram a atenção para o fato de que, em grande parte, o que se vem chamando de responsabilidade social, não passa do cumprimento às determinações legais. Dessa forma, entender a responsabilidade que as empresas têm para o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade requer verificar em que medida as organizações estão contribuindo para um desenvolvimento econômico e social, que leve em conta noções de sustentabilidade e que vão além das determinações pautadas pela legislação vigente. No tratamento dos dados coletados nas entrevistas utilizou-se análise do discurso como uma forma de entender as relações intertextuais e interdiscursivas, ou seja, compreender as disfuncionalidades entre o que se diz e o que se faz. Além disso, serviram de suporte para análise pesquisas documental e bibliográfica do tema em questão.

Gestão estratégica de recursos humanos: desenvolvimento e aplicabilidade dos indicadores de desempenho

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar a importância do conhecimento das informações e indicadores de desempenho de recursos humanos para facilitar a introdução do componente estratégico na gestão de recursos humanos. As práticas tradicionalmente partem do princípio da necessidade de transformar o modelo funcional, com característica reativa, para um modelo mais proativo, que integre com todos os fenômenos e necessidades dos ambientes interno e externo da organização. Para realizar a mudança de modelo, é necessário analisar a modelagem organizacional, para garantir o equilíbrio, coerência e redução das incertezas das ações e das respostas às mudanças. A complexidade dos fatores envolvidos nesta transição provocam uma série de reflexos não perceptíveis, identificados em pesquisa de clima organizacional, decorrente de fatores de insegurança e de ansiedade, provocadas pelo desconhecimento e imprevisibilidade das mudanças. Este trabalho considera que existe um meio mais simples de introdução da gestão estratégica, considerando que a maioria das empresas possui uma administração de recursos humanos tradicional, sustentada pelo departamento de pessoal, cuja ênfase está no respeito às regulamentações e legislações trabalhistas. Neste enfoque, respeitando as técnicas e práticas existentes e, com a finalidade de atender esta maioria sem provocar grandes impactos, propomos que a dimensão estratégica seja implementada por meio da elaboração e divulgação de informações e indicadores estratégicos de recursos humanos. Estas informações possibilitam transformar a tradicional linguagem subjetiva da área para uma nova linguagem de negócios e de resultados, expressa por valores numéricos que quantificam a eficácia da gestão e de sua contribuição para a sociedade.

Varas federais de execução fiscal: um retrato do poder judiciário

This work presents a study about the federal judiciary and in particular about the creation of specialized courts in fiscal execution in Rio de Janeiro. The bibliography research includes an approach to administrative theory, the formation of the State and the particular procedure of the fiscal execution, the field research tries to describe the reality of the courts specialized in fiscal execution with the position of the magistrate, attorney and public servant. The results of the analysis is directed to show the federal judiciary and in particular the creation of specialized jurisdiction.

O perfil profissional do gestor de organizações esportivas brasileiras

o presente estudo faz, num primeiro momento, uma análise dos perfis profissionais dos gestores esportivos no cenário mundial, bem como das principais atribuições e competências que foram identificadas para a função, em estudos realizados nos Estados Unidos e Austrália. Posteriormente foram realizadas entrevistas com alguns dos principais dirigentes de organizações esportivas brasileiras para que, desse modo, fosse estabelecida uma análise comparativa entre as características apontadas no cenário internacional e aquela que nasce da demanda da realidade cultural do ambiente esportivo brasileiro. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar o perfil que nasce da demanda do ambiente esportivo aplicado à realidade cultural brasileira e compará-lo ao perfil ideal genérico apontado pelo ambiente esportivo mundial. II