Ajuste estrutural e educação superior no Brasil: princípios negados

SILVA, Hiran Francisco Oliveira Lopes da. A juste estruturale educação superior no Brasil: princípios negados. 206 f., 2007. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) - Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, 2007.

Vannevar Bush e as matrizes discursivas de As we may think: por uma possível história da Ciência da Informação

MEDEIROS, A. L.; VANTI, Nadia. Vannevar Bush e as matrizes discursivas de As we may think: por uma possível história da Ciência da Informação. Informação & sociedade:Estudos. João Pessoa, v. 21, p. 31-39, 2011

O ambientalismo econômico no discurso da reciclagem dos materiais

O modelo civilizatório da sociedade global fundamenta-se na produção à larga escala e no aumento exponencial e diversificado do consumo. Este modelo impacta o meio ambiente já que demanda grandes quantidades de recursos naturais e provoca contaminação ambiental. No leque desta contaminação, a geração de resíduos sólidos surge como uma das principais devido a seus efeitos nocivos serem sentidos de forma imediata pelas pessoas. Em países como o Brasil, uma das soluções requeridas para se minimizar e/ou equacionar a problemática engendrada pelos resíduos sólidos é a reciclagem dos materiais. A justificativa oficial pelo esforço à reciclagem está nas características da atividade já que o uso de materiais reciclados reduz a demanda por recursos naturais em processos produtivos industriais, aumenta o tempo de vida útil dos aterros sanitários (local de destino final dos resíduos), além de gerar emprego e renda para os catadores, sujeitos que sobrevivem da coleta e separação dos materiais recicláveis. A partir de uma ética ambiental, a pergunta que deve ser feita quando nos propomos a analisar as implicações da geração dos resíduos é: por que a sociedade global gera resíduos sólidos de maneira acentuada? Contudo, à luz dos pressupostos mercadológicos do capitalismo, a pergunta que move as discussões acerca da problemática dos resíduos sólidos é: o que fazer com a crescente geração de resíduos sólidos? O presente artigo se propõe a uma reflexão dos elementos justificativos dessa ode à reciclagem. Em nossa perspectiva, a reciclagem fomenta ao que denominamos de ambientalismo econômico, no qual o discurso pró-reciclagem se apropria dos elementos e potencialidades ambientais da atividade da reciclagem para justificar as ações de caráter econômico no que se refere ao que fazer com os resíduos gerados diariamente.

Ideologia da casa própria... sem casa própria: o Programa de Arrendamento Residencial na cidade de João Pessoa-PB

Brazilian Housing policy has always promoted homeownership. In 1999, a new form of housing promotion was set up in the country with the PAR (Programa de Arrendamento Residencial, or residential rental programme). This is a sort of leasing, in which a right to buy is granted at the end of contract. Again, with this, the final objective is homeownership. This dissertation aims at further understanding the role of PAR in the wake of the country s housing policies of the post-BNH period, analysing the case of João Pessoa, capital city of Paraíba state. By focusing in the city, it has been possible to analyse also the impact of the programme in the dynamics of the city s urban development. Accordingly, the analysis of PAR seeks to understand the programme s operational aspects as well as its location, urban and architectural aspects. The operational aspects refer to how the programme is operated, considering the differences to the other housing programmes in the country. The urban and architectural aspects refer to location, typology and construction characteristics of housing estates produced under the scheme. This study gives a general view of the country s recent housing policy and programmes and the specific characteristics of PAR, observing also its impacts in the city development

Práticas sócio-ambientais no espaço escolar: uma reflexão sobre a percepção dos usuários de duas escolas do ensino fundamental em João Pessoa, Paraíba

In the social-historical moment we live in, it is each time more evident the necessity of the people to learn to deal with the environment in conscientious way, taking care of themselves properly through it. In this direction, considering the school as a place where children, young and adolescents spend great part of their time, this work had as objective to examine the perception of school environment for students, professors and employees of two schools in João Pessoa city - Centro Estadual Experimental de Ensino-Aprendizagem Sesquicentenário and Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Presidente Emílio Garrastazu Médici (Experimental State Center of Learning-teaching Sesquicentenário and Basic and High State School Education Emilio Garrastazu Médici President). From the presupposed that the environments in which and with which people live reflect their daily practices, the field work searched to identify the social-environmental practices that characterize the relation of these users with the school and, from this understanding, to infer some of their concerns regarding the environment as a whole. To analyze the use of the available physical space in the two institutions it was opted the use of the After-Occupation Evaluation, one of the approaches that feed the process of building production or built set, rescuing aspects related to its use, operation and maintenance. Besides analyzing diverse school environments (such as classroom circulations/accesses, library, pedagogical and sportive spaces) in relation to the environmental comfort and the perceptions of the main users of the schools (pupils, professors and employees), the dissertation tried to inquire the care (ambient education) of these users with the school space. In general, it was verified that the two schools have evaluations and perceptions really different for four reasons: (i) management of the schools; (ii) the users perception; (III) localization of schools and (IV) feeling of place, territoriality and appropriation

Arquitetura residencial em João Pessoa-PB a experiência moderna nos anos 1970

In the mid-1980s, the magazine Projeto published the Actual Brazilian Architecture catalogue presenting texts by Hugo Segawa and Ruth Verde Zein with a corpus of works and engaged architects of the 1960s and 1970s. To comprehend the Brazilian architectural production post-1964, in those years of the 1980s, became a significant mission to reactivate the Brazilian architectural debate weakened by the military dictatorship. In his doctoral thesis Spadoni (2003) deals with the different ways which characterizes the Brazilian architectural production of the 1970s. Marked by inventiveness, this production was in tune with the modern thinking and in the transition period between the 1970s and the 1980s it synchronized with the international debate about post-modern architecture. Considering Spadoni s doctoral thesis, this work deals with the modern experience observed in the one-family-houses built in the seventies in João Pessoa. Some modern experiences were not clear outside, to observe it, it was necessary to search for the type of experience into the spatial disposition and of the know-how constructive, because into the appearance some houses not make explicit the use of the modern language. Other observed experiences allude to the repertoire of the Brazilian period in the years 1940s-1960s, to the experience of the modern architecture in São Paulo of the 1960s, to the experiences in which the climate of the Northeastern region strongly influenced the architectural conception. We can also find in a reduced number of houses a particular experience: it refers to experiences that expose the constructive doing, which leave the material apparent and apply to the residential type the experience of the industrial pre-fabricated buildings

Arquitetura da (in)segurança: estudando relações entre configuração espacial, artifícios de segurança e violência urbana no bairro Manaíra, João Pessoa, Paraíba

João Pessoa, the capital city of the state of Paraíba (Northeast Brazil), is reputed throughout the country as a quiet place, although it has been acquiring, over the past years, an urban character with social implications similar to those of major metropolitan Brazilian areas. The new situation is evident by the social inequalities, with the creation of confined spaces, which segregate and cause enclosure of the inhabitants, leading to death the public space. This study correlates accessibility in spatial structure with two types of crime data, burglary and robbery, recorded in 2008 and 2009, by the Secretaria de Segurança da Paraíba (The government agency public in charge of safety), in the district of Manaíra, an upper middle class neighborhood, which has, in recent times, been considered one of the most violent areas in João Pessoa. Sought to understand connections between these events and morpho-social aspects of the built environment, where examined the spatial properties, such as accessibility of the urban net, the presence of control measures, the safety of buildings and their uses. Spatial properties were also validated by the observation of pedestrian flows at strategic points of the study area. It was concluded that the presence of intense flows helps to attract potential thieves, physical security and control offers little protection

Aparências da forma e forma do espaço: análise da configuração espacial de residências unifamiliares dos anos 1970 em João Pessoa PB

Assuming that the form of a building shell and its content the spatial form are distinct dimensions of architecture - however indivisible and interdependent -, this study focus, in the light of the Social Logic of Space (HILLIER; HANSON, 1984), on the intrinsic properties through which domestic space was structured in a sample of single-family dwellings built in João Pessoa (PB) during the 1970s - when the vocabulary of modern architecture still prevailed in Brazil though sharing the urban scene with other architectural trends -, in order to investigate regularities or divergences underlying their conception. These dwellings were originally classified (ARAÚJO, 2010a) in five categories defined according to the form of their building shells and to their prevailing construction techniques: (1) Brazilian modern legacy (considered as truly Brazilian modern style); (2) Paulista architecture (that refers to the modern production of São Paulo, Brazil, from the 1950s through the 1970s); (3) experiences of rationalization and prefabrication ; (4) experiences of adaptation to the climate (referring to a design strongly influenced by the hot and humid climate of North-eastern Brazil); and (5) hybrid (to account for a kind of stylistic hybridism that includes formal attributes, which evoke our colonial past). This study aims to determine, through the analyses of nineteen cases that represent each category, whether this taxonomy corresponds to distinct modes of spatial configuration. This research therefore proposes an approach to the classification of domestic architecture based on topological properties. The dwellings spatial organization was represented, quantified and analyzed, their spatial properties explored in consonance with one another and with the literature. Results pointed out that there is no evidence of a reciprocal relationship between the formal look of the built shells and their respective spatial structures

Abordagem psicossociologica das implicações legais da infecção hospitalar e de seu controle

Pesquisas acerca das Infecções Hospitalares mostram a gravidade do problema na saúde e a existência de poucos profissionais das áreas do Direito e da Saúde especializados nas implicações jurídicas relacionadas com o controle das Infecções Hospitalares. Assim, este estudo multidisciplinar tem como objetivos: apreender as Representações Sociais das Implicações Jurídicas das Infecções Hospitalares e de seu Controle, elaboradas pelos profissionais do direito e da saúde e analisar o impacto destas representações sobre Infecções Hospitalares e seu controle no âmbito do Hospital Getúlio Vargas, em Teresina, no Estado do Piauí. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter exploratório, desenvolvido em hospital público com profissionais do Direito e da Saúde, subsidiado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Serge Moscovici. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista em profundidade e da observação. As informações apreendidas foram processadas no software Alceste 4.8, possibilitando a análise lexical e estatística pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, que permitiu identificar no discurso classes representativas de palavras de interesse da investigação. Os resultados indicaram que os sujeitos do estudo, através das suas representações sociais, defendem os direitos dos usuários da saúde e conhecem a prática das políticas de saúde, prevenção das Infecções Hospitalares e de seu Controle. Porém, demonstraram pouca preocupação com as implicações jurídicas inerentes às sua práticas mesmo estando sujeitos a responder civil e penalmente pelas ocorrências geradas por iatrogenia no exercício da profissão