Nimfes de Plecòpters dels rius Llobregat i Besòs. Guia d’identificació dels gèneres i de les espècies més comunes.

Aquesta és la segona guia d'identificació de la col•lecció i es dedica als Plecòpters (INSECTA: PLECOPTERA). Els gèneres i grups d’espècies inclosos a la guia són aquells que de forma més freqüent hem trobat ens els estudis que realitzem en el marc del programa “Estudis de la Qualitat Ecològica dels Rius de la Província de Barcelona”. Aquest programa fou una iniciativa promoguda per la Diputació de Barcelona mitjançant la seva Oficina Tècnica d'Acció Territorial de l'Àrea de Territori i Sostenibilitat. La major part de les fotografies corresponen exemplars recol•lectats el 2013 a les parts altes del riu Llobregat i els seus afluents pels membres del nostre grup de recerca, tot i que en alguns casos s’han examinat les mostres històriques.

Nimfes d’Efemeròpters del Llobregat i del Besòs. Guia d’identificació dels gèneres i de les espècies més comunes. (Versió 2)

Aquesta és la primera guia d'identificació de la col∙lecció i es dedica als Efemeròpters (INSECTA: EPHEMEROPTERA). Els gèneres i grups d’espècies inclosos a la guia són aquells que de forma més freqüent hem trobat ens els estudis que realitzem en el marc del programa “Estudis de la Qualitat Ecològica dels Rius de la Província de Barcelona”. Aquest programa fou una iniciativa promoguda per la Diputació de Barcelona mitjançant la seva Oficina Tècnica d'Acció Territorial de l'Àrea de Territori i Sostenibilitat. La major part de les fotografies corresponen exemplars recol∙lectats el 2012 a les parts altes del riu Llobregat i els seus afluents pels membres del nostre grup de recerca, tot i que en alguns casos s’han examinat.

Nimfes de Plecòpters dels rius Llobregat i Besòs. Guia d’identificació dels gèneres i de les espècies més comunes.

Aquesta és la segona guia d'identificació de la col•lecció i es dedica als Plecòpters (INSECTA: PLECOPTERA). Els gèneres i grups d’espècies inclosos a la guia són aquells que de forma més freqüent hem trobat ens els estudis que realitzem en el marc del programa “Estudis de la Qualitat Ecològica dels Rius de la Província de Barcelona”. Aquest programa fou una iniciativa promoguda per la Diputació de Barcelona mitjançant la seva Oficina Tècnica d'Acció Territorial de l'Àrea de Territori i Sostenibilitat. La major part de les fotografies corresponen exemplars recol•lectats el 2013 a les parts altes del riu Llobregat i els seus afluents pels membres del nostre grup de recerca, tot i que en alguns casos s’han examinat les mostres històriques.

Caracterização ácido-base da superfície de espécies mistas da alga Spirulina através de titulação potenciométrica e modelo de distribuição de sítios discretos

Acid base properties of mixed species of the microalgae Spirulina were studied by potentiometric titration in medium of 0.01 and 0.10 mols L-1 NaNO3 at 25.0±0.10 C using modified Gran functions or nonlinear regression techniques for data fitting. The discrete site distribution model was used, permitting the characterization of five classes of ionizable sites in both ionic media. This fact suggests that the chemical heterogeneity of the ionizable sites on the cell surface plays a major role on the acid-base properties of the suspension in comparison to electrostatic effects due to charge-charge interactions. The total of ionizable sites were 1.75±0.10 and 1.86±0.20 mmolsg-1 in ionic media of 0.01 and 0.10 mols L-1 NaNO3, respectively. A major contribution of carboxylic groups was observed with an average 34 and 22% of ionizable sites being titrated with conditional pcKa of 4.0 and 5.4, respectively. The remaining 44% of ionizable sites were divided in three classes with averaged conditional pcKa of 6.9, 8.7 and 10.12, which may be assigned respectively to imidazolic, aminic, and phenolic functionalities.

Novas tendências para o tratamento de resíduos industriais contendo espécies organocloradas

The toxic character of organochloride compounds, their habitual presence in many industrial effluents, and mainly the low efficiency of the current remediation processes, are important aspects that have been promoted to study new degrading technologies. Among the great number of new physical and chemical alternatives, the photochemical and electrochemical processes have been played an important role, mainly due to their high degradation capacity through relatively low-cost procedures. In these contexts biological processes, the use of white-rot fungi, or even ligninolytic enzymes produced from them, are also very promising alternatives. However, the necessity of long reaction time and the high cost of the enzyme production process are some of the drawbacks that difficult the definitive consolidation of these processes.

Danos ao DNA promovidos por ácido 5-aminolevulínico: possível associação com o desenvolvimento de carcinoma hepatocelular em portadores de porfiria aguda intermitente

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a heme precursor accumulated in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), which might be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in symptomatic patients. Under metal catalyzed oxidation, ALA and its cyclic dimerization product, 3,6-dihydropyrazine-2,5-dipropanoic acid, produce reactive oxygen species that damage plasmid and calf thymus DNA bases, increase the steady state level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2´-deoxyguanosine in liver DNA and promote mitochondrial DNA damage. The final product of ALA, 4,5-dioxovaleric acid (DOVA), is able to alkylate guanine moieties, producing adducts. ALA and DOVA are mutagenic in bacteria. This review shows an up-to-date literature data that reinforce the hypothesis that the DNA damage induced by ALA may be associated with the development of HCC in AIP patients.

Identificação de pigmentos naturais de espécies vegetais utilizando-se cromatografia em papel

The use of natural dyes to demonstrate principles of paper chromatography is proposed. Extraction of the coloring compounds were performed in order to obtain the aglycone form of the anthocyanins present in the crude extracts. Separations were carried out on chromatographic paper with BAW (butanol/acetic acid/water) as mobile phase and the results compared with literature data. The crude extracts were obtained from Tibouchina granulosa, Rododhendron simsii, Impatiens walleriana flowers which are wildely found in Brazil and Phaseolus vulgaris L. grains skin which is the principal ingredient of the world famous "feijoada". Such species were chosen in order to attract the students attention since they are present in their quotidian, in agreement with the new proposals for Brazilian education.

Perfil cromatográfico de duas espécies de Plumbaginaceae: Plumbago scandens L. E Plumbago auriculata Lam

The genus Plumbago belongs to the family Plumbaginaceae, order Plumbaginales. Comparative chemical profile of P. scandens (native) and P. auriculata (cultivated) was obtained by normal and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector. Comparison of the ultraviolet espectra and the retention times for the compounds allowed to find similar metabolic patterns in roots, stems and leaves. Four flavonoids, one phenolic acid or derivative and the naphtoquinone plumbagin were comparatively identified to standards.

Distribuição de metais e caracterização das constantes de troca entre espécies metálicas e frações húmicas aquáticas de diferentes tamanhos moleculares

In this work the metal distribution and exchange constants between metal species and aquatic humic fractions with different molecular sizes were studied. The aquatic humic substances (AHS) were extracted by XAD-8 resin from water sample collected from Itapitanguí river, São Paulo State, Brazil. The AHS were fractionated in six fractions with different molecular sizes (>100 - <5 kDa) and characterized by several techniques. Molar ratios H/C suggested higher aromaticity for fractions F1 and F6 whereas molar ratios C/N didn´t show any differences regarding the humification degree between the fractions. The UV-Vis absorbance a254/a436 ratio showed higher results for F4 and F5, probably by less condensed features. FTIR studies showed high similarity in the functional groups in the fractions. The highest percentage of traces of Co, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ni (determined by ICP-AES) was preferably complexed by fractions F3 and F4 with a greater amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In addition, the exchange constants, determined by ultrafiltration method, showed complexes AHS-Fe and AHS-Al with higher stability than complexes AHS-Co in all fractions.

Ocorrência de flavonas, flavonóis e seus glicosídeos em espécies do gênero Solanum (Solanaceae)

During the last decades several flavonoids of Solanum species have been isolated. This review describes the flavones, flavonols and their glycosides presently known as constituents of Solanum species.