Impactos socioespaciais do uso e ocupação do solo urbano na área de entorno do Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo - Guarulhos - Andre Franco Montoro

The construction of the São Paulo International Airport in Guarulhos recorded significant economic growth for the whole region, especially for services and jobs generated. Despite the importance of its presence in Guarulhos, we note the absence of an articulate and committed planning to urban development of the city, mainly in adjacent areas to this airport system planning. Through this stud, we analyzed primarily the major interferences and modifications afforded by its presence in guarulhense spatiality. We found that the government was, to some extent, tolerant to mounting housing in the surrounding area to the airport, from the moment that allowed the diverse urban land use in the place where it was planned to build such equipment. We further note that the airport is developed autonomously to the municipality in which the investments and related works only aim to meet the needs of the enterprise

Diagnóstico socioambiental de um alojamento estudantil público e da comunidade do entorno: um estudo da relação entre a universidade e a sociedade

Dormitories are places offered by Brazilian public Universities to undergraduate students evaluated as socio-economically less favored aiming to guarantee the housing of the student in the locality they take a given undergraduate course, once housing is one the points which compose the tripod that supports the concept of student permanence, along with conditions of transportations and food. These places, however, present problems in their management, specially the ones related to social and environmental questions, caused by wrong attitudes and pre-concepts of their own residents, other students and the communities who live around them. So, this project aims to identify and analyze the socio-environmental conditions of a students’ dormitory located in Botucatu/SP which is supported by the Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (Unesp) as well as the community that surrounds it. The data collecting is based on an exploratory research characterized for interviews that used semi-structured questionnaires and for the creation of a photography record of the region. The obtained data corroborated the tendency of an increasing gap between the Brazilian public universities and the society as well as to the disengagement of them and their students. This diagnosis has permitted to build proposals of educational interventions based on Permaculture, Agroecology and Critical Environmental Education to the improvement of the existing relationships among the students who live at the dormitory and among them and the local community. These interventions may be used as subsidies to the development of future research and extension projects to the local community

Cooperviva: análise das possibilidades e limites do trabalho dos catadores de resíduos recicláveis de Rio Claro (SP)

The issue of waste, historically, has been getting worse as a result of the world´s population increase and in order to meet their needs the consumption of natural resources and the generation has been constantly increasing, especially in large urban centers. The people involved in the collection of recyclable solid waste, called from now on as collectors, are responsible for about 90% of the waste sent to recycling industry in Brazil. Apart from having a role in the economy, the collectors have specific knowledge and skills necessary to identify, collect, sort and sell these wastes. This study aims to examine the possibilities and limits of COOPERVIVA – Cooperativa de Trabalho dos Catadores de Material Reaproveitável de Rio Claro - as an instrument of the municipal solid waste management system, and its experience as a recyclable waste collectors cooperative. The methodological procedures of this study rely on the literature research on the experiences of cooperative and the management of municipal solid waste. In addition to this review of the literature, fortnightly visits to the cooperative were held in order to experience their daily activities, and testimonies of the cooperative members were collected as well as documents and reports produced by COOPERVIVA. The results of this analysis are considerations of the limitations of the cooperative and recommendations aimed at maximizing their potential as a tool of the domestic solid waste management system of and as a recyclable waste collectors cooperative. Among other things it can be concluded that the urban selective collection of waste challenges the community to the reinvention of life and the relationships each individual with the planet.

Plano e projeto: um desenho para a cidade de Coronel Macedo/ SP

O presente trabalho de graduação final destina-se a elaboração de um Plano e Projeto de um novo desenho para a cidade de Coronel Macedo, localizada no interior de São Paulo. Através da análise da realidade do município, juntamente com leituras comunitárias já efetuadas, foram enumerados problemas e necessidades, dentre eles a falta de um instrumento gestor e a situação precária de suas vias de locomoção. Desse modo a intenção projetual desse trabalho será um desenho de ruas e calçadas, dando maior mobilidade e segurança. E um Plano viário que possa orientar o poder público e a iniciativa privada no interesse coletivo dos macedenses para a efetivação do projeto proposto, visando assegurar maior qualidade de vida para a população

O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, o mercado imobiliário e o direito à cidade: análise dos impactos do programa na cidade de São Carlos - SP

This article discusses, in general matters, the economic and social motivations, the organization and development of the program Minha Casa Minha Vida, made in 2009, by Federal Government of Brazil. The objective of this work was to analyse the Brazilian economic and housing context, and the program relation with the Subprime international crisis, which has been started at United States in 2008, as well as analysing and discussing the logistics and the program accessibility. The MCMV program, part of the PAC – Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – has the intention to combat the economic crisis that had been installed and also minimize the deficit housing of the country. From PAC's initial estimate, US$250 Bi, it has been spent US$129 Bi and it has already been approved more than US$125 Bi designated for the second stage of the program, whose the estimate of PAC2 is about one trillion and a half of brazilian reais. One million homes were built between 2009 and 2012, and the goal for 2014 is two million and a half of new residences. If comparing the current program with the oldest programs, progress were observed ,however, problems and inconsistences are clearly seen: in the real concernment, the truly beneficiary, and contradiction between a social and economic program to urban demands, among other situational factors. It’s also evident, the incentivation for a new residential and closed neighbourhoods, thereby adding to the fragmentation of the urban space, beyond of the exclusion socioespacial caused financing of residences in farest allotments. The capitalist production of the space it’s clearly thriving in analysis of thisfinancing package of the urban habitation, where the biggest glebas rise between central neighbourhood and the newest generated suburb, they evidence the negligence of the authorities in well managing the space, not executing the application of urban instruments of planning the social function, and...

Gestão ambiental aplicada a prevenção, controle e recuperação de erosão linear acelerada no município de Ipeúna-SP

The erosion is a natural process of detachment, transport and deposition of soil and rock particles from one place to another. Human activities with no previous planning may accelerate this process, causing several damages to the environment and to society. In order to control the acceleration of these erosion processes caused by humans, prevention and improvement initiatives emerge. Regarding works which interfere directly in some of the natural resources, these initiatives must respect the intrinsic physical properties of the area of interest, if they aim to obtain effective results. Based on this scenario, this work proposes a few methods of accelerated linear erosion prevention, control and recovery in a specific area of the municipal district of Ipeúna (SP). For that matter, this study is based on a method of physiographic compartmentalization of the area, considering and integrating soil, relief, geology and the use and land cover properties of the study area. Plus, a flowchart with general orientations regarding management of eroded areas was produced, focused on the control and recovery of linear erosion. The result demonstrates the importance of careful erosion control, respecting the physical properties of each physiographic unit. The vegetative and mechanical conservationists methods, and the discipline of water flow, have found wide applicability in the study area.

Avaliação dos efeitos da poluição sobre a atividade alimentar de Astyanax fasciatus e a diversidade da ictiofauna do Ribeirão Claro - SP

Devido à alta ação antrópica em rios, lagos e mares, a ictiofauna sofre sérios impactos que podem prejudicar sua dinâmica populacional. No interior do estado de São Paulo, muitos municípios captam águas superficiais para o abastecimento urbano e lançam seus efluentes à jusante da captação. Pode-se dizer que o mesmo acontece com o município de Rio Claro. O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso avaliou os efeitos da poluição de despejos orgânicos sobre a diversidade da ictiofauna e a alimentação, a reprodução e o fator de condição de Astyanax fasciatus, levando em consideração a sazonalidade e a variação de parâmetros físico-químicos da água comparando dois pontos do Ribeirão Claro (Rio Claro – SP) no interior da “Floresta Estadual Edmundo Navarro de Andrade”: um à jusante da captação d’água da cidade (área menos poluída) e outro logo após o despejo dos esgotos (área mais poluída). Foram coletados no total 1274 exemplares distribuídos em 26 espécies de peixes nas quatro coletas realizadas. No ponto 1 – área menos poluída, foram coletados 1121 exemplares de 26 espécies nas estações cheia e seca. Na estação cheia foram capturados 401 indivíduos pertencentes a 19 espécies, enquanto que na estação seca foram coletados 720 indivíduos distribuídos em 24 espécies. No ponto 2 – área mais poluída, foram coletados 153 exemplares de 14 espécies. Na estação cheia, foram capturados 141 indivíduos distribuídos em 11 espécies, enquanto que na estação seca foram coletados 12 indivíduos pertencentes a 6 espécies. Dentre os parâmetros estudados, oxigênio dissolvido e coliformes fecais foram um dos mais discrepantes entre os dois pontos e entre as coletas, auxiliando assim, na caracterização do ambiente estudado. No ponto 1, o valor de oxigênio variou de ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A transformação e revalorização do espaço do centro histórico de Santos/SP

The city of Santos always had its importance recognised by the respectful role of flowing off the coffee production between the end of 19th and beginning of 20th centuries. All effervescence of this period brought changes to the central area of the city, located near the port. Beginning in the 1970s, some changes in the politics and in the city's urban space made its cafes, theaters, stores and traditional residencies find itselves in decadence imposed by the negligence of the public power. The Historic Downtown of Santos changed to a forgotten and depreciated space and remained that way for many years, reflecting negatively in the preservation of the arquitetonic heritage of the city. The present project aims to analyse the transformation of the current space of the Hitoric Downtown of Santos from the beginning of the 20th century and its recent revaluation through the public politics of the city

Caracterização da fauna de vertebrados ao longo da Bacia do Ribeirão Tanquinho – Botucatu/SP

O Ribeirão Tanquinho, localizado no município de Botucatu, é totalmente inserido no perímetro urbano, da nascente a foz percorre 2.500 metros em área residencial, atravessando 12 quarteirões. A partir de 1998 ficou livre do esgoto e no ano de 2001 os quatro primeiros quarteirões da bacia foram alvo de um projeto de Recuperação Hídrico Florestal promovido pela ONG S.O.S. Cuesta de Botucatu, com o plantio de cerca de 5.400 mudas de árvores nativas visando à recuperação da área intensamente degradada. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a fauna (anfíbios, aves, répteis, peixes e mamíferos) do ribeirão Tanquinho, e gerar resultados que sirva de subsídios para ações ambientais no local, práticas de educação ambiental e também colaborar para o aumento do conhecimento acerca da fauna de Botucatu. Os trabalhos de caracterização de fauna foram realizados durante o período de fevereiro a outubro de 2008. Foram realizadas coletas no local e entrevistas com moradores ribeirinhos, a identificação dos animais foi realizada em campo, com exceção de alguns espécimes de peixes que foram retirados do local e identificados em laboratório. Para as coletas de um modo geral foi utilizada a observação direta com registro fotográfico dos animais, observação indireta através de vocalizações e procura por vestígios. Das 156 pessoas entrevistadas, 132 afirmaram ter visto algum vertebrado no local, no total foram registradas 03 espécies para o grupo peixes, 05 espécies de anfíbios, 06 espécies de répteis, 46 de aves e 07 de mamíferos (02 terrestres e 05 voadores)

Geofísica aplicada no diagnóstico preliminar do antigo lixão do município de Rio Claro - SP

The issue of solid waste disposal and urban growth are conflictive, since the areas where old uncontrolled refuse disposal were away from the city today are incorporated to the urban area population. Thus, now population is closer to the degradation of contaminants coming from waste disposal, and, in some cases, these areas become housing subdivisions. This work aims to support the diagnosis of a former landfill in the municipality of Rio Claro (SP), using geophysical methods through resistivity anomalies. In order to develop the diagnostic, it was utilized water and soil analysis of a preliminary report and techniques of vertical electrical sounding and electrical profiling. The areas influenced by the garbage presented less resistivity than the one of the natural subsoil. Through the interpretation of results, the local potentiometric map was elaborated, as well as a map of calculated resistivity. The interpretation of these products indicated a disagreement between the groundwater flow and the current topography, leading to an identification of a preferential direction of the contamination plume in the NE-SW. These observations prove the applicability of geoelectrical methods in areas of former waste disposal with little information.