Tempo de uso agrícola e propriedades químicas de dois Latossolos do Planalto Médio do Rio Grande do Sul

Os Latossolos, que predominam na região do Planalto Médio do Rio Grande do Sul sob vegetação de mata, foram incorporados ao uso agrícola a partir de 1920, enquanto os solos sob vegetação de campo foram explorados a partir da década de 1960. Estes solos sofreram alterações em suas propriedades químicas com o intenso uso agrícola, principalmente com culturas anuais como soja e milho. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do tempo de uso agrícola sobre propriedades químicas de dois Latossolos, no município de Fortaleza dos Valos (RS). Coletaram-se amostras de perfis de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico (LVd) textura argilosa e de Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico (LVd) textura média, sob cobertura vegetal natural de floresta e campo, respectivamente, em situação de topo de coxilha e de perfis destes solos sob uso agrícola por períodos que variaram de oito até mais de 33 anos. Foram determinados os teores de argila, matéria orgânica, P e K disponíveis e totais, Ca, Mg e Al trocáveis e pH. Calculou-se a saturação por bases (V) e por alumínio (m). Os resultados mostraram que a diminuição no teor de matéria orgânica do solo com o tempo de uso agrícola foi perceptível, quando originalmente os solos eram de florestas, enquanto em solos de campo nativo o uso agrícola promoveu acréscimo no teor de matéria orgânica. Nutrientes como Ca e Mg tiveram incremento no solo com o tempo de uso agrícola, ao contrário do Al, que diminuiu seu teor e saturação em profundidade. Por essa razão, os perfis que apresentavam caráter álico sob vegetação nativa passaram a ser distróficos quando com mais tempo de uso agrícola. Com o tempo de uso agrícola os incrementos de P total foram evidentes nos horizontes superficiais, enquanto os incrementos de K total também ocorreram em profundidade.

Soil water storage in an upland forest after selective logging in Central Amazonia

Soil water storage of Central Amazonian soil profiles in upland forest plots subjected to selective logging (in average, 8 trees or 34, 3 m³ of timber per hectare were removed) was measured in four layers, down to a depth of 70 cm. The study lasted 27-months and was divided in two phases: measurements were carried out nearly every week during the first 15 months; in the following year, five intensive periods of measurements were performed. Five damage levels were compared: (a) control (undisturbed forest plot); (b) centre of the clearing/gap; (c) edge of the gap; (d) edge of the remaining forest; and (e) remaining forest. The lowest values for water storage were found in the control (296 ± 19.1 mm), while the highest were observed (333 ± 25.8 mm) in the centre of the gap, during the dry period. In the older gaps (7.5-8.5 year old), soil water storage was similar to the remaining and the control forest, indicating a recovery of hydric soil properties to nearly the levels prior to selective logging.

Audit report on the Honey Creek Resort operated by Central Group Management, LLC for the period from inception (September 18, 2008) to June 30, 2009

Audit report on the Honey Creek Resort operated by Central Group Management, LLC for the period from inception (September 18, 2008) to June 30, 2009

GIS analysis of change in an agricultural landscape in Central Finland

Selostus: Keskisuomalaisen maatalousmaiseman muutosten GIS-analyysi

Biodiversity study of arthropods collected on rat carrion in Yaounde, Cameroon: first study on forensic entomology in Central Africa

The first investigation of arthropods associated with carrion in Cameroon was carried out within the campus of the University of Yaounde I (Cameroon) from 17thJanuary to 3rd April 2008. Carcasses of rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769 var WISTAR) were exposed to colonization by the local fauna of arthropods. The invading organisms were collected daily during the study period. 2287 individuals of arthropod belonging to 3 classes, 16 orders, 37 families and 7 subfamilies were identified. The insects assessed were mainly Diptera, Coleoptera and Acari. This study illustrates the high diversity of the necroentomofauna in Cameroon and provides an insight approximation into the succession pattern of invading insect and a weekly estimation of the time of death.

New considerations on the management of osteoporosis in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): summary of the "3rd Summit on Osteoporosis-CEE", November 2009, Budapest, Hungary.

INTRODUCTION: In November 2009, the "3rd Summit on Osteoporosis-Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)" was held in Budapest, Hungary. The conference aimed to tackle issues regarding osteoporosis management in CEE identified during the second CEE summit in 2008 and to agree on approaches that allow most efficient and cost-effective diagnosis and therapy of osteoporosis in CEE countries in the future. DISCUSSION: The following topics were covered: past year experience from FRAX® implementation into local diagnostic algorithms; causes of secondary osteoporosis as a FRAX® risk factor; bone turnover markers to estimate bone loss, fracture risk, or monitor therapies; role of quantitative ultrasound in osteoporosis management; compliance and economical aspects of osteoporosis; and osteoporosis and genetics. Consensus and recommendations developed on these topics are summarised in the present progress report. CONCLUSION: Lectures on up-to-date data of topical interest, the distinct regional provenances of the participants, a special focus on practical aspects, intense mutual exchange of individual experiences, strong interest in cross-border cooperations, as well as the readiness to learn from each other considerably contributed to the establishment of these recommendations. The "4th Summit on Osteoporosis-CEE" held in Prague, Czech Republic, in December 2010 will reveal whether these recommendations prove of value when implemented in the clinical routine or whether further improvements are still required.

Audit report on the South Central Iowa Regional E-911 Service Board for the year ended June 30, 2009

Audit report on the South Central Iowa Regional E-911 Service Board for the year ended June 30, 2009