Familia y adopción. Problemática jurídica en relación con el concepto de familia frente a las parejas de personas del mismo sexo en Colombia

La investigación pretende demostrar las limitaciones del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano que no reconoce en términos de igualdad la adopción de menores de edad entre las familias conformadas por parejas del mismo y los demás prototipos de esta institución. A pesar de los reconocimientos progresistas emitidos por las corrientes liberales de Corte Constitucional, en favor de la pluralidad en las relaciones familiares y la proscripción de discriminación en razón de la orientación homosexual de los individuos, en la actualidad existe un trato jurídico diferenciado e injustificado que le impide a estos hogares brindar protección, amor y educación en su seno a niños, niñas y adolescentes, en igualdad de condiciones que los hogares conformados, por ejemplo, por parejas heterosexuales. Por ello el estudio describirá la evolución de la connotación de la familia en el Derecho colombiano. Demostrará que la adopción es una implicación jurídica necesaria de la institución familiar y que excluir a las familias estructuradas a partir de las uniones de personas del mismo sexo, es discriminatorio y vulnera a la vez el interés prevalente de los niños.

Interpretación y aplicación de la sentencia C-577 de 2011 frente al matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en Colombia

En Colombia el reconocimiento de los derechos de las personas Lesbianas, Gays, Bisexuales, Transgenero e Intergenero (LGBTI) encuentra su punto de partida en la Constitución Política de 1991. Durante los primeros años de su vigencia hasta el 2007, la Corte Constitucional como órgano encargado de su interpretación, definió los derechos individuales de las personas LGBTI a partir de principios como la dignidad humana, el libre desarrollo de la personalidad, la igualdad, la prohibición de discriminar y el pluralismo. Con la expedición de la sentencia C-075 de 2007 inicia una nueva fase en la movilización de esta comunidad; por primera vez se le reconocen efectos jurídicos a las uniones conformadas por personas del mismo sexo, declarando sus derechos en la esfera de pareja, pero limitándolos al negar su estatus de familia. En el año 2011 el estudio de las parejas de personas de igual sexo dentro del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano cambia radicalmente. Mediante la sentencia C-577 de 2011, el alto tribunal declaró que estas uniones constituyen una forma de familia y por lo tanto tienen derecho a formalizar su vínculo mediante una figura jurídica de orden contractual que les brinde un margen de protección más amplio que el de la unión marital de hecho. El acceso al matrimonio civil igualitario por parte de las parejas integradas por personas del mismo sexo constituye actualmente uno de los temas más debatidos en Colombia. La discusión es significativa porque confronta el modelo tradicional de familia, pareja y matrimonio asociado con la heterosexualidad y la reproducción; adicionalmente evidencia los límites que configuran la noción de lo humano, del sujeto de derechos y de la igualdad como principio condicionado a cualidades de orden mayoritario.

Recortes de interações entre cuidadoras e crianças institucionalizadas : uma avaliação das funções parentais à luz da psicanálise

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar aspectos socioafetivos em um programa de abrigamento de crianças de zero a quatro anos desenvolvido por uma ONG. A metodologia adotada foi a descrição etnográfica. A teoria psicanalítica foi utilizada para interpretação do material referente às categorias emergentes identificadas. A forma como se apresenta o exercício das funções materna e paterna na situação de abrigamento foi observada. O trabalho de campo envolveu exame de documentos, observação participante e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo empregada análise de conteúdo do material das entrevistas. O pensamento de Freud, Winnicott, Kohut e Lacan foi adotado como referencial teórico. O modelo de avaliação proposto atingiu seus objetivos, permitindo a formulação de sugestões para o aprimoramento das condições do abrigamento oferecido às crianças.

Práticas populares de cuidado à criança: o saber/fazer de cuidadoras

Popular practices correspond to the resources used by households, lay people and popular therapists, whose perception of knowledge is constructed in the everyday. In this context, the sick child can become vulnerable to be dependent on a family caregiver, who often decide to employ popular practices. Thus, the child care should be shared between carer and health professional. However, they know little about the resources that the family uses to detect a grievance in infant. Therefore, the present research aimed to analyse the use of popular practices by caregivers of children with zero to five years old. We conducted an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, together with 15 caregivers of children who were treated at the Joint Unit Felipe Shrimp, located in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. To select the participants, they should be age and above 18 years; be caregivers of children up to five years of age; and reside in the area ascribed the Joint Unit Felipe Shrimp. The data collection took place between September and October 2013, through in depth interview. This step was preceded by the approval of the Health Department of the city of Natal; the direction of the Joint Unit Felipe Shrimp; as well as, the Committee on Ethics in Research from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with Certificate of Presentation and Consideration Ethics, No 15467013.8.0000.5537. Furthermore, the interviewees formally authorized their participation in the research by signing the consent form. The data were treated according to the technique of content analysis in the form of thematic analysis according to Bardin. This process, four categories emerged: "Types of popular practices used in the care of the child"; "Source of information of popular practices"; "Results obtained with popular practices"; "Factors that hinder the adoption of common practices." The results showed the use of popular practices by caregivers in the case of illness to children such as the homemade preparations with medicinal plants and folk healers. The family environment was referenced as the main learning space and spread of popular practices, which are influenced by cultural relations present in this context. As to the results obtained with popular features, the caregivers said to be satisfactory, and this triggers a feeling of confidence and acceptability of such measures. It is concluded that the use of popular practices in child care persists in everyday most of the participants, despite the hegemony of allopathic therapy. The caregivers stated that such practices are effective and easy to obtain, being secured in context by popular culture. In addition, health professionals, especially nurses, were seldom mentioned by the caregivers as to the information concerning popular resources used by them, which suggests the weakness in dialogic process of negotiating practices between both of them

Infância - memórias: cenários - personas

Infância is undoubtedly memory, high qual ity l iterature, reputable, as the story moves between f ict ion and reality. Personal and social history, wi th such a sense of reality, causing the reader to prof it f rom the honesty and the sinceri ty producing, in this work, remarkable results in a constancy of cl ippings, f rame -by-f rame. Memory and obl ivion are this work guidance. We aim to denounce the relat ionship between the chi ld and violence, and as it is a memorialist ic text , we see the importance of f ict ion for this type of narrat ive to be sustained. I aim thereby show the tone of this report humanizing memories, its deep and decisive meaning, through the memories concepts by Le Gof f , by Seligmann-Silva and by Ecléa Bosi. I t is also through the theories of Jeanne Marie Ganegbin that I just ify the concept of remembering and forget t ing, and also it is also according the concepts of Eliane Zagury that I give support to the importance of autobiography as a a mean of expressing the reported memor ies. Final ly, in Infância, there is no room for fantasy. The lyricism that overwhelms, throughout each chapter, commands the author's imaginat ion. The need to invent gives way to the need to test ify, to denounce. And this t ransit ion occurs gradually, slow as Gra c il ia n o s c h i ld li f e , d u e to such humiliat ion and submission

Los derechos de las personas mayores en el siglo XXI: situación, experiencias y desafíos

Incluye Bibliografía