Water relations of tree species growing on a rock outcrop in the "Parque Estadual de Itapuã", RS

Water relations of the tree species Myrsine umbellata Mart. ex A. DC., Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. and Erythroxylum argentinum O. E. Schulz, growing on a rock outcrop in the "Parque Estadual de Itapuã" (RS), were studied. Environmental (precipitation, temperature, soil water) and plant (water potential, vapor pressure deficit, stomatal conductance, transpiration, leaf specific hydraulic conductance, osmotic potential and cell wall elasticity) parameters were collected in five periods and pooled into two sets of data: wet and dry periods. Myrsine umbellata showed great stability of the plant parameters, including the maintenance of high pre-dawn (psiwpd) and mid-day (psiwmd) water potentials in the dry period (-0.48 and -1.12 MPa, respectively), suggesting the presence of a deep root system. Dodonaea viscosa and E. argentinum reached lower psiwpd (-1.41 and -1.97 MPa, respectively) and a greater degree of stomatal closure in the dry period, suggesting a shallower root system. Differential exposure to soil drought was also corroborated by differential drought effects on the whole-plant leaf specific hydraulic conductance (Gt). Correlation analysis pointed to weak correlations between psiwpd and g s. Erythroxylum argentinum was the only species to show osmotic adjustment in response to drought. It is suggested that M. umbellata has low tolerance to water deficits, adopting an avoidance behavior. The much lower values of psiw reached by D. viscosa and E. argentinum suggest a greater tolerance to drought by these species.

Dinâmica do componente arbóreo de uma mata de galeria inundável (Brasília, Distrito Federal) em um período de oito anos

(Dinâmica do componente arbóreo de uma mata de galeria inundável (Brasília, Distrito Federal) em um período de oito anos). As matas de galeria são importantes na manutenção dos recursos hídricos e da biodiversidade do Planalto Central, mas estão submetidas a fortes impactos antrópicos. Aquelas que ocorrem em solos mal drenados são pouquíssimo estudadas, com consequências negativas sobre sua conservação. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a dinâmica florística e estrutural de um trecho de mata de galeria inundável na Fazenda Sucupira (15°54'22" S; 48°00'34" W), Brasília, Distrito Federal, em um período de oito anos (2000 a 2008). Nas duas medições realizadas, em 40 parcelas (0,8 ha) de 20 × 10 m, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ³ 3,0 cm. A primeira medição registrou 3.048 indivíduos, distribuídos em 50 espécies e 41 gêneros (32 famílias). Na segunda medição foram encontrados 2.728 indivíduos, pertencentes a 59 espécies e 48 gêneros (36 famílias). Em 2008 verificou-se diminuição de 320 indivíduos, mas acréscimo de 9 espécies, 7 gêneros e 4 famílias. O período monitorado revelou altas taxas de mortalidade (4,25% ano-1) e recrutamento (3,67% ano-1), mudanças consideráveis na importância de muitas espécies, sem alterações significativas na diversidade: H' = 2,84 nats indivíduo-1, J' = 0,73 em 2000; H' = 3,02 nats indivíduo-1, J' = 0,74 em 2008. Esses ambientes diferenciados parecem ser muito dinâmicos em sua florística, sem que a estrutura comunitária e a diversidade sejam afetadas. Mais estudos de dinâmica, por períodos mais longos, ainda são necessários para que se possa compreender o ambiente florestal inundável do Brasil Central com mais segurança, gerando informações que subsidiem ações prementes de conservação.

Floristic composition of a conservation area in the Federal District of Brazil

Cerradão vegetation shares many species with savanna and forest areas and is one of the most vulnerable phytophysiognomies in the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) biome. The floristic composition of the Cerradão Biological Reserve was examined between September/2007 and November/2008. A total of 282 species distributed among 194 genera and 75 families were encountered, demonstrating proportions of 0.91 herbaceous species and 0.54 shrub species for each tree species. Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Myrtaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Melastomataceae were the most species-rich families. Fully 72.3% of the species of this dystrophic cerradão were shared by cerrado and forest vegetations, while 60.43% were shared by other cerradão sites, although the largest proportion of species (91%) were shared with cerrado sensu stricto. No species was found to be exclusive to this cerradão site, but approximately 95% of all species were native to the Cerrado biome.

Amérique septentrionale : dressée sur les relations les plus modernes des voyageurs et navigateurs, et divisée suivant les différentes posessions des Européens

Julkaisussa: Atlas universel

Description de la Tartarie tirée en partie de plusieurs cartes qui en ont esté faictes en partie de diverses relations et de divers autheurs arabes qui ont esté au jour jusques à présent

Julkaisussa: Cartes générales de la géographie ancienne et nouvelle, ou les empires, monarchies, royaumes, estats, républiques, et peuples. Vol I

Human group C rotavirus in children with diarrhea in the Federal District, Brazil

Group C rotaviruses are fastidious in their in vitro cell culture requirements. Recent serosurveys indicate that antibody to group C rotavirus is present in 3-45% of the human population in certain geographic locations, suggesting that rotavirus group C infection is more prevalent than previously believed and that the low rate of detection of these agents is probably due to the lack of sensitive diagnostic assays. From March to December 1994, 406 fecal specimens were collected from children under five years of age who were outpatients at the emergency services of nine public hospitals in Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. In addition to the samples from children, one public outpatient unit requested virological investigation of a stool sample from an HIV-seropositive adult male with diarrhea of sudden onset. All samples were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay for group A rotavirus and adenovirus (EIARA) and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). One hundred and seven (26%) were positive for group A rotavirus. Four samples from children and the sample from the HIV-seropositive patient, although negative by EIARA, showed a group C rotavirus profile by PAGE and were positive for rotavirus by electron microscopy. Using specific VP6 and VP7 primers for group C rotavirus, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining. These products were confirmed to be specific for group C rotavirus by using digoxigenin-oligonucleotide probes, Southern hybridization and chemiluminescent detection. The five positive group C rotavirus samples were detected in August (3 samples) and September (2 samples). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of group C rotavirus detected in the Federal District, Brazil and in an HIV-seropositive patient with acute gastroenteritis.