Negros

Homem e menina afrodescendentes

Plano de intervenção para prevenção da incidência de parasitismo intestinal, em Palmeira dos Negros

As parasitoses intestinais são muito frequentes na infância. São consideradas problema de saúde pública, principalmente nas áreas rurais e periferias das cidades dos países chamados subdesenvolvidos, onde são mais frequentes. As parasitoses são a doença mais comum do mundo. Sua transmissão depende das condições sanitárias e de higiene das comunidades. O trabalho se justifica pela alta prevalência de parasitose intestinal provocado por Ascaris Lumbricoides, 168 pessoas da faixa etária de um a quinze anos, com 64,7%. O objetivo do trabalho foi propor um plano de intervenção baseado no conhecimento da população sobre os métodos de prevenção, assim como os métodos de eliminação do verme para diminuir a morbidade e controle dos pacientes. Além disso, muitas dessas parasitoses relacionam-se a déficit no desenvolvimento físico e cognitivo e desnutrição. O estudo foi gerado pelo Método de Estimativa Rápida para a seleção dos problemas e através do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional /PES conforme Campos, Faria, Santos (2010), além de uma revisão de literatura utilizando bases de dados da LILACSe SciELO. Utilizou-se os descritores de Ciencias da Saúde como: Parasitose Intestinal, atenção primária, estratégia saúde da familia. Foram trabalhados o estilo de vida, hábitos alimentares incorretos, assim como as condições socioeconômicas da população. Depois da implementação do plano de ação a área de abrangência apresentou uma diminuição 30% das doenças parasitárias em idade escolar, logrando-se mudanças nos estilos de vida da população, assim maior controle dos pacientes com parasitoses e uma diminuição da morbidade por esta doença

Cota racial e estado: abolição do racismo ou direitos de raça?

The objective of this article is to examine the current government proposal of racialization in the Brazilian population, in order to offer support to affirmative action programs that meet the specific needs of those who classify themselves as black. Firstly we focused on the revival of the notion of race among scholars, politicians, and anti-racism activists, as well as on the difficulty in determining who is black in Brazil. Next we examined the racial quota system in the United States and its proclaimed success. Finally, we assessed the extent to which the introduction of racial quota in employment and university enrollment should be imposed as the sole political option for those intending to eliminate racism in Brazilian society.

Intercâmbios acadêmicos internacionais: bolsas Capes, CNPq e Fapesp

This article is part of a study considering the growing importance of the international transit of people, knowledge, and practices in the schooling and professional education processes of some social segments. Considering the public funds made available by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Capes -, the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq - and the State of São Paulo Research Foundation - Fapesp - to support researchers' fellowships abroad, aming to improve research and investments on Science and Technology on the context of international exchanges, we have dedicated this article to the preliminary description and analysis of the database of fellows funded abroad by these research agencies from 1970 to 2000. The movement of flows based on the quantitative methodology of the correlation of variables draws the trends of international academic exchange programs in the three research institutions and in the different areas of knowledge, and we intend to analyse them taking into account the scientific and technological development policies adopted by Brazilian State on the period.

The relationship between physical aspects of quality of life and extreme levels of regular physical activity in adults

This study aimed to check for any significant differences in perceived quality of life, specifically aspects of a physical nature, among volunteers who are more physically active and those less physically active in a university community. The sample consisted of 1,966 volunteers in a university community in Brazil. To assess physical activity levels, volunteers responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and to analyse the perception of quality of life they responded to WHOQOL-bref, which is classified into three groups according to level of physical activity, taking into account the metabolic equivalent index (MET) over a full week. For comparison, consideration was given to the first and third tertiles, respectively, namely groups of more and less active students. The results indicated that individuals who engaged in more physical activity had a more positive perception of quality of life compared to those who were less active in physical aspects related to the ability to work, energy for day-to-day activities and locomotion.

Estilos motivacionais de professores: propriedades psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação

The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory factorial analysis of Problems in School, a teachers' motivational styles evaluation instrument, constructed by Deci et al. The original instrument is in a Likert-scale format with the underlying assumption of the existence of a continuum of four different styles contributing to promote students' autonomy. Translated into portuguese, the instrument was applied to 582 elementary and junior high school teachers from several regions of Brazil. Factorial analyses revealed a solution with four orthogonal distinct factors, the authors' initial supposition (existence of a continuum) was not confirmed. In fact, only two opposite styles (both high promotion of autonomy and of control) corresponded to the Deci et al. original ideas. Problems regarding the validity of the other remaining styles emerged. Data was discussed and a revised version of the scale was developed. Directions for further research were also suggested.

A motivação de alunos no contexto da progressão continuada

This study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic motivacional orientations of students in the context of the educational continuous progression. The sample was composed of 160 subjects of second, fourth, sixth and eighth grades of the elementary school. Data was collected by means of the presentation of histories involving the intrinsic, extrinsic motivation and the educational continuous progression system. Subjects were interviewed individually. Their answers were transcribed verbatim and submitted to content analysis. Results indicated that a expressive percentage of students did not know the educational system of continuous progression. Students revealed a predominantly intrinsic motivation orientation with advances in age and in school grade level, even though knowing that they will not repeat any school grade. This study pointed out the importance of deepening our knowledge concerning the impact of the educational continuous progression in students' motivation to learn.

A construção de uma escala de estratégias de aprendizagem para alunos do ensino fundamental

Although learning strategies are important tools for schooling process, there is a lack of national instruments to evaluate their knowledge by brazilian students. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to describe the steps necessary for the construction of a scale to evaluate the learning strategies for basic education students and to present the preliminary study of its psychometric properties. It is also discussed the utility of this instrument for diagnosis, intervention and prevention in school and educational psychology.

A formação de personalidades éticas: representações de si e moral

The article presents studies of a current investigation among 75 adolescents from 12 to 15 years old, students of private schools of Campinas city, that have as main objective to notice a possible correspondence among the moral judgments and the representation that individuals have about themselves. From a questionnaire, the studies bring out the representations of these individuals and answer a questioning if they would have an ethical character or not and if these individuals would correspond to their moral judgments. The results point out to a correspondence among those whose self representations are characterized by more evolved ethical contents and judgments related to sensitivity and to the characters feelings involved in the situations described. Such studies validate the intention of this article to discuss the correspondences between ethics (how the individual sees himself/herself) and moral (how he/she judges the situations moral).