JORNALISMO CULTURAL E SOCIABILIDADE MODERNA: ESTUDO DO CADERNO EU&FIM DE SEMANA DO JORNAL VALOR ECONÔMICO

O trabalho analisa se o jornalismo cultural praticado pelo caderno EU&Fim de Semana do jornal Valor Econômico, ao incorporar certos assuntos e fenômenos decorrentes da modernidade aos conteúdos com abordagem e mentalidade culturais e universalizadas, rompe o paradigma do Jornalismo Cultural tradicional alargando este conceito, até então restrito aos acontecimentos considerados tradicionais da área da cultura, como cinema, pintura, literatura, museu, dança, música, teatro, gastronomia e turismo. O corpus da pesquisa foi composto pelo assunto principal de capa de 32 edições e resultou na análise de 75 matérias. O referencial teórico utilizado é a sociologia da cultura de Pierre Bourdieu por meio da teoria dos campos, espaço social, habitus de classe e o desejo de distinção de uma elite cosmopolita. Contudo, não se constitui uma prática jornalística sem compromisso social. As análises quantitativa e qualitativa compõem a metodologia que identifica a presença de debates, de tensões e de conflitos, o conceito de Jornalismo Cultural, o caráter cosmopolita do jornalismo no início do século XXI, bem como os valores culturais adotados pelo caderno que abastecem o público com visão prismática para ler e reconhecer o mundo.(AU)

Heidegger e a técnica moderna

The general objective of this research is to clarify and discuss the original contribution of Martin Heidegger's philosophical reflection on the essence of modern technique. For this purpose, it was structured the interpretative course of this dissertation in two essential moments. At first, we present Heidegger's interpretation of the essence of the modern age which, in turn, will be recognized from the metaphysical foundation that establishes the essence of modern science: the subjectivity that represents, calculates, manages and produces the real. We will see which, in this context, modern science was still thought close to the modern technology, what will change considerably from the writings of the post-war, in which Heidegger thinks modern science from a much broader and essential process in that the essence of the technique has already been unfolding. Thus, in a second moment, we will analyze how, for Heidegger, the modern metaphysics of subjectivity reached its completion at the time of modern art from the principle of control and planning of entities in general (Gestell), revealing the nontechnical sense of the technique (beyond the anthropological, humanistic and instrumental view) as well as the threatening character of modern technique in its conversion project of the entity from the reserve fund (Bestand).

Do ancoradouro à sala de espera: as obras de melhoramento do porto e a construção de uma Natal moderna (1893-1913)

Through the nineteenth century, it was constant in the discourse of the local norte-rio-grandenses (Natal city, Brazil) administrators, the appeal for subsidy to the central government for the works of the port of Natal upgrade. The port in the capital, the main route of the Rio Grande do Norte communication, because of the limitations attached to it, as the dunes surrounding the city spreading sand in the riverbed, and several reefs located along the coast, did not allow the entry in his berth larger ships. These difficulties brought major problems the province, who could not hold the flow of production coming from the inside, resulting in the north of Rio Grande political scene, questioning the centrality of Christmas position in the province. Only Republican scheme had been approved credit by the federal government for the improvement works of the port. The port became the Republican political discourse Potiguar one of the main promises to bring "progress" the Potiguar land, being placed as a central issue of which depend on the "future" of the state. The objective of this study is to analyse the emergence of a new port concept in speeches and interventions of the local ruling groups in the early twentieth century. We analyse the emergence of a modern notion of port, marked by the organizing effort, rationalization and regulation of port activities by the state, and the new relationship assumed by the harbour front to the city resulting from this new perception. The port has become for local leaders to groups of capital "waiting room", requiring change of the composition of urban space for integrating the port to the city. The Port of Natal became endowed with a pedagogical function, incorporating the urban fabric, codes, values and practices considered by local managers as modern and civilized. This new city space, considered a "waiting room", caused conflicts between the local ruling groups and influential figures in the Potiguar political field, which sought to encourage with the process of organizing the harbour front undesirable regarded figures in the city views as an impediment to the image of progress and modernity that the dominant groups intended to expose the port.

Dos ventajas en la adquisición de conocimientos: la actitud y el nivel de conocimientos previos.

La adquisición de conocimientos en Ciencias de la Naturaleza depende de numerosos factores, en este estudio se han considerado dos de ellos: la actitud y el nivel de conocimientos previos. Se trabajó en dos grupos de 2º de ESO del IES Villa de Vallecas, centro catalogado como de Especial Dificultad. Un grupo se caracterizaba por tener un nivel de conocimientos previos medio y una motivación muy baja. El otro grupo presentaba un nivel de preconceptos mucho más bajo, pero una motivación mayor. Primero, se desarrolló una metodología para evaluar el nivel de conocimientos y la actitud en ambos grupos. El nivel de conocimientos se evaluó a partir de un examen tipo test, que se realizó previa y posteriormente al desarrollo de la unidad didáctica. Por otro lado, para la evaluación de la actitud se hicieron una serie de observaciones en clase y se calificaron. Una vez obtenidos los resultados, se valoraron para estudiar la importancia de cada una de estas dos ventajas en la adquisición de conocimientos. Los resultados de la investigación muestran un diferencial de la puntuación media entre ambas clases de 2,6 y de 0,3 puntos sobre 10 en el test inicial y final respectivamente, es decir, las calificaciones finales son ligeramente mejores en el grupo con nivel de conocimientos inicial mayor. Sin embargo, el aprendizaje en el grupo con mejor actitud es mucho más significativo. De esta manera, se ha comprobado que la adquisición de conocimientos a nivel de 2º de la ESO en este IES resulta más fácil con una buena actitud que con una base de conocimientos previos más sólida. Estos resultados podrían extrapolarse a otros centros catalogados como “de especial dificultad” en el ámbito de la Comunidad de Madrid. Aunque se debe considerar la influencia de diferentes factores y las particularidades de cada instituto.

A noção de sistema na fundação da linguística moderna

This work is intended to investigate the saussurian notion of system. Such a notion is fundamental to Ferdinand de Saussure's theorization, since it composes the definition of "langue", as he thought it. This definition was crucial to the delimitation of linguistics' specific object of study, which granted its place among modern sciences. However, the notion of system was not created by Saussure. Not only in Linguistics, but also in other areas, this notion appeared in very ancient studies, mingling with the establishment of man in society and the development of their economic and organizational activities. Specifically, in the context of language studies, the system consists in a notion that composed the work of the first grammarians in the West, in ancient Greece. Moreover, this notion was also used afterwards, in the synonymy studies and in the comparative analysis of languages, developed by scholars of the nineteenth century. Nevertheless, although Saussure had had his formation in Leipzig and Berlim, amid comparatists studies, his notion of system is an innovation, while is also continuing. In light of this, we aim to highlight the aspects of the saussurian notion of system that allow the establishment of a relationship of continuity and rupture with other conceptions of system. For that, we will investigate four Saussure authored documents: the « Cours de linguistique générale », the « Mémoire sur le système primitif des voyelles dans les langues indo-européennes », and the two sets of manuscripts « De l'essence double du langage » and « Notes pour le cours III ».

Motivación, flow y actitud hacia la práctica de actividad física. Estudio comparativo entre Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador y España

El principal objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar las diferencias en orientación motivacional, motivación intrínseca, flow motivacional, práctica de actividad física realizada e intención futura de ser físicamente activo en adolescentes de Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador y España. Para ello se ha utilizado una muestra de 3990 estudiantes de diferentes establecimientos educativos de estos cuatro países con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 18 años (M= 14.55, DT = 1.74) que han contestado diversos cuestionarios previamente validados y utilizados en español. Los resultados han mostrado diferencias entre los países observándose en líneas generales que los resultados de jóvenes argentinos eran similares a los de los jóvenes españoles y los de los jóvenes colombianos similar a los obtenidos por los estudiantes ecuatorianos, y siendo en todo caso moderadas dichas diferencias. Se discuten los resultados en función a estudios interculturales encontrados en la literatura así como en relación a posibles líneas futuras de investigación en el ámbito