Résumés

Französische Zusammenfassungen der Artikel im Ausstellungskatalog "Der Weltensammler"

Swiss tree rings reveal warm and wet summers during medieval times

We present a 1200 year drought reconstruction for the European Alpine region based on carbon isotope variations of tree rings from living larch trees and historic timber. The carbon isotope fractionation at the study site is sensitive to summer precipitation, temperature, and irradiance, resulting in a stable and high correlation with a drought index for interannual to decadal frequencies and possibly beyond (r(2)=0.58 for 1901-2004, July/August). When combining this information with maximum latewood density-derived summer temperature, a strongly reduced occurrence of summer droughts during the warm A.D. 900-1200 period is evident, coinciding with the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), with a shift to colder and drier conditions for the subsequent centuries. The warm-wet MCA contrasts strongly with the climate of the drought-prone warm phase of the recent decades, indicating different forcing mechanism for these two warm periods and pointing to beneficial conditions for agriculture and human well-being during the MCA in this region.

Jüdischer Tauf-Betrug : aufgedeckt mit 7 Cautelen, u. einem christl. Vorschlag, wie zu mehrer Vermeidung d. Mißbrauchs dieses Heil. Sacraments u. d. Unkosten, ein zur Taufe sich angebender Jude aufzunehmen ; bey Gelegenheit eines gebohrnen Judens, Isaac Joseph Leib, von Salzköten, bey Federborn ...

entworffen u. dem Druck übergeben von Johann Helwig Engerer

Varia capita & dissertationes aliaque autoris supplementa

praemittitur Christoph. Matthaei Pfaffii

Via in Chaldæam brevis et expedita, in fundamentis linguæ, cum textu Chaldaico Danielis, Esræ, et Targum Obadiæ ...

ab Hermanno von der Hardt

Sēfer Menôrat ham-mā'ôr : we-ze maʿaśe ham-menôrā ʿim 7 nērôt ... li-lšôn aškenaz

Yiṣḥāq Abôhab

Hergel diḳduḳe ha-lashon Seu Manuductio, Viam Ostendens Compendiosam Ad Ebraeae Linguae Analysin Facilius Instituendam, Ejusque Rite Applicandam Syntaxin

Opera Ioh. Andr. Danzii

Diś maʿanē lāšôn iz oif ṭaiṭš gišṭelṭ : un gor nikś dran gifelṭ ; woś mn zol oif zain elṭrn un frainś kevurim zogin ; wen mn zain mongil un noiṭ ṭuṭ klogin ...

Digitalisat der Ausg. Homburg an der He, [1732/33]

Lord Rothschild, taking the oath in the House of Lords : July 9, 1885

from the painting by B. S. Marks

County people - Lord Rothschild

photo by Russell and Sons

Der Baron Rothschild : Jagden, Reisen, Menschlichkeiten

erzählt von Forstrat Grünkranz

Adaptive, convergent origins of the pygmy phenotype in African rainforest hunter-gatherers

Tropical rainforest hunter-gatherer populations worldwide share the pygmy phenotype, or small human body size. The evolutionary history of this phenotype is largely unknown. Here we studied DNA from the Batwa, a rainforest hunter-gatherer population from east central Africa, to identify regions of the Batwa genome that underlie the pygmy phenotype. We then performed population genomic analyses to study the evolution of these regions, including comparisons with the Baka, a west central African rainforest hunter-gatherer population. We conclude that the pygmy phenotype likely arose due to positive natural selection and that it arose possibly multiple times within Africa. These results support longstanding anthropological hypotheses that small body size confers an important selective advantage for human rainforest hunter-gatherers.

Immunodeficiency and the risk of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 2/3 and cervical cancer: A nested case-control study in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

HIV-infected women are at increased risk of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC), but it has been difficult to disentangle the influences of heavy exposure to HPV infection, inadequate screening, and immunodeficiency. A case-control study including 364 CIN2/3 and 20 ICC cases matched to 1,147 controls was nested in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (1985-2013). CIN2/3 risk was significantly associated with low CD4+ cell counts, whether measured as nadir (odds ratio (OR) per 100-cell/μL decrease=1.15, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.22), or at CIN2/3 diagnosis (1.10, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.16). An association was evident even for nadir CD4+ 200-349 versus ≥350 cells/μL (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.25). After adjustment for nadir CD4+, a protective effect of >2-year cART use was seen against CIN2/3 (OR versus never cART use=0.64, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.98). Despite low study power, similar associations were seen for ICC, notably with nadir CD4+ (OR for 50 versus >350 cells/μL= 11.10, 95% CI: 1.24, 100). HPV16-L1 antibodies were significantly associated with CIN2/3, but HPV16-E6 antibodies were nearly exclusively detected in ICC. In conclusion, worsening immunodeficiency, even at only moderately decreased CD4+ cell counts (200-349 CD4+ cells/μL), is a significant risk factor for CIN2/3 and cervical cancer. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Meir b. Isak, MaHaRaM As [Illustration] : Aus: Entscheidung von Mittwoch, 22. Adar 492

19. März 1732 / Meir ben Isak