El rock argentino y la postulación de la libertad durante el período 1982-1989, entre simulacros y autenticidades

Las letras del rock argentino proponen un discurso atravesado por recurrencias lingüísticas y articulaciones intencionales que advierten modos de pensar, criticar, interpelar e interpretar a la sociedad desde la propia enunciación de la libertad. En función de ello, este trabajo analiza las problemáticas del abordaje de la libertad en función de las líricas del rock argentino y el marco de la transición democrática del período 1982-1989. Así, en virtud de dicho contexto, el artículo invita a pensar el abordaje de la cuestión de la libertad a partir de una temática de oposición particular y relevante que vincula y demarca el discurso de la autenticidad con el del simulacro en un marco de intencionalidad libertaria. La exposición de este debate de contraposición trae aparejado interrogantes que, en función de las líricas, desacralizan el rigor tajante de "la autenticidad", lo reformulan y lo llevan a un tono simulado o de "simulacro" que profundiza discursos desde la ambigüedad. Ante esto, conviene preguntarse: ¿Cuál es el valor de lo auténtico en el rock argentino en un contexto de fuerte incidencia comercial? ¿Se pueden encontrar bordes e intersticios que remarcan el espíritu rebelde del rock aún en una condición comercial? ¿Cuan verdadero puede ser el axioma que indica que la autenticidad se refiere al poder de resistir o subvertir la lógica comercial?

Una aproximación a las representaciones y prácticas de la escena del rock post Cromañón

El rock nacional es desde hace varias décadas objeto de investigación de la sociología de la cultura. En efecto, éste se ha constituido en un espacio privilegiado para explorar las prácticas y representaciones de grupos etarios y clases sociales. A esta altura, podríamos decir que ya existe una historia y una serie de conceptos más o menos consagrados por ese corpus de la bibliografía que ha estudiado el rock nacional guiado por el interés de conocer los procesos de transformación de la cultura y la sociedad. El 30 de diciembre del 2004, en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, se produjo un acontecimiento que muchos especialistas consideran un punto de inflexión en la historia de una de las vertientes del rock local: el incendio en el boliche República de Cromañón mientras una banda de rock barrial realizaba un recital. Esa noche se produjo la muerte de ciento noventa y cuatro personas. A raíz de lo sucedido, se abrieron varios debates. Algunos en torno a la pirotecnia utilizada en los recitales de éste tipo de rock y a las prácticas de los jóvenes dentro de éstos espacios; otros en relación a la negligencia del Estado; a la irresponsabilidad del dueño del boliche; a las responsabilidades políticas, entre otros. Sin embargo, nuestro interés no es tallar en esa discusión desde la opinión más o menos experta, sino explorar cómo se relaciona ese acontecimiento con las prácticas y representaciones de determinados agentes sociales que ayudan a producir esa vertiente del rock denominada rock chabón. Con datos recogidos en entrevistas en profundidad dirigidas a un universo pequeño pero variado de actores del campo rock, intentamos explorar los primeros indicios que nos muestran que efectivamente algunos cambios parecen estar produciéndose, aunque como veremos a lo largo de la tesina, esas modificaciones no son elaboradas y categorizadas de la misma manera por los distintos sujetos que investigamos. Es en la variedad de los procesos reflexivos de los actores frente a la conmoción de un acontecimiento como el de "Cromañón", donde intentamos buscar esos indicios, antes que en la opinión fundada o no de especialistas, críticos o artistas consagrados

'Banderas en tu corazón' : Narrativas, vida cotidiana y prácticas de apropiación de la música rock en jóvenes de sectores populares

Fil: Aliano, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Elements and isotopic measurements of magmatic rock samples from ODP Hole 104-642E

Trace element and isotopic signatures of magmatic rock samples from ODP Hole 642E at the Vøring Plateau provide insight into the interaction processes of mantle melt with crust during the initial magma extrusion phases at the onset of the continental breakup. The intermediate (basaltic-andesitic) to felsic (dacitic and rhyolitic) Lower Series magmas at ODP Hole 642E appear to be produced by large amounts of melting of upper crustal material. This study not only makes use of the traditional geochemical tools to investigate crust-mantle interaction, but also explores the value of Cs geochemistry as an additional tool. The element Cs forms the largest lithophile cation, and shows the largest contrast in concentration between (depleted) mantle and continental crust. As such it is a very sensitive indicator of involvement of crustal material. The Cs data reinforce the conclusion drawn from isotopic signatures that the felsic magmas are largely anatectic crustal melts. The down-hole geochemical variation within ODP Hole 642E defines a decreasing continental crustal influence from the Lower Series into the Upper Series. This is essential information to distinguish intrinsic geochemical properties of the mantle melts from signatures imposed by crustal contamination. A comparison with data from the SE Greenland margin highlights the compositional asymmetry of the crust-mantle interactions at both sides of the paleo-Iapetus suture. While Lower Series and Middle Series rocks from the SE Greenland margin have isotopic signatures reflecting interactions with lower and middle crust, such signatures have not been observed at the mid-Norwegian margin. The geochemical data either point to a dissimilar Caledonian crustal composition and/or to different geodynamic pre-breakup rifting history at the two NE Atlantic margin segments.

Ward-Perkins, B., The fall of Rome and the end of civilization, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005, 239 páginas

Fil: Sarachu, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Benthic carbon turnover, sediment pigment concentrations and sinking fluxes of POC in the southeastern Beaufort Sea during CCGS Amundsen cruise 2008

The effects of changing ice and atmospheric conditions on the upwelling of deep nutrient-laden waters and biological productivity in the coastal Beaufort Sea were quantified using a unique combination of in situ and remote-sensing approaches. Repeated instances of ice ablation and upwelling during fall 2007 and summer 2008 multiplied the production of ice algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos by 2 to 6 fold. Strong wind forcing failed to induce upward shifts in the biological productivity of stratified waters off the shelf.

Late Pliocene carbonate mineralogy of ODP Hole 133-818B

Shedding of shallow carbonate material toward the deep slopes and basin floors is clearly tied to the position of the carbonate bank tops relative to the photic zone. The onset of bank shedding in periplatform sediments can record either the flooding of the bank tops within the photic zone during a rise in sea level following a period of exposure, referred to in the literature as the "highstand shedding" scenario, or the reentry of the bank tops into the photic zone during a lowering of sea level following a period of drowning, referred to as the "lowstand shedding" scenario. Results from Leg 133 post-cruise research on the Pliocene sequences, drilled in six sites within different slope settings of the Queensland Plateau, seem to point out that the latter "lowstand shedding" scenario can be applied to this particular carbonate system. At the Queensland Plateau sites, the early Pliocene (5.2-3.5 Ma) and the earliest part of the late Pliocene (3.5-2.9 Ma) age sequences were characterized, especially in the ôdeepö Sites 811 and 817, by pelagic sediments (foraminifers and coccoliths) and by typically pelagic sedimentation rates not exceeding 20 mm/k.y. The earliest part of the late Pliocene age section was characterized by well-developed hardgrounds in the "shallow" Sites 812 and 814 and by normal pelagic sediments mixed with reworked phosphatized planktonic foraminifers in Site 813. Finally, the early part of the late Pliocene (2.9-2.4 Ma) section was characterized by high sedimentation rates, related to the shedding and admixture into the pelagic sediments of bank-derived materials. These bank-derived materials consist of either diagenetically unaltered fine aragonite with traces of dolomite in Site 818 or micritic calcite resulting from seafloor and/or shallow burial alteration in the deepest Sites 817 and 811. The highest sedimentation rates (163 mm/k.y.) were recorded in Site 818, drilled nearest the modern carbonate bank of Tregrosse Reef. The sedimentation rates decrease with increasing distance from Tregrosse Reef - 120 mm/k.y. in Site 817 and 47.5 mm/k.y. in Site 811. The initial appearance of fine aragonite in Site 818, corresponding to the transition from pelagic to periplatform sedimentation rates, has been dated at 2.9 Ma. This Pliocene sediment pattern on the Queensland Plateau is different from the pattern observed in sediments from two earlier ODP legs (i.e., Leg 101 in the Bahamas and in Leg 115 in the Maldives), where aragonite-rich sediments, characterized by high periplatform sedimentation rates, were observed in the lower Pliocene section (5.2-3.5 Ma), whereas the upper Pliocene (3.5-1.6 Ma) sediments are more pelagic in nature and are characterized by low sedimentation rates or major hiatuses. These Pliocene periplatform sequences in the Bahamas and in the Maldives and late Quaternary age periplatform sequences worldwide have pointed out that "highstand shedding" was the typical response of carbonate platforms to fluctuations in sea level, just opposite to a "lowstand shedding" response to sea-level fluctuations, typical of siliciclastic shelves. Assuming that the envelope of Haq et al.'s (1987) sea-level curve, showing a well-defined lowering of sea level between 3.5 and 2.9 Ma, can also be applied to the southwest Pacific Ocean, based on a high-resolution Pliocene d18O record from the Ontong Java Plateau recently published by Jansen et al. (1993, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.130.028.1993), the Pliocene periplatform sequences on the Queensland Plateau would have recorded the reentry of the bank tops into the photic zone during a general lowering of sea level, following an interval characterized by high sea level, during which the shallow carbonate system on the Queensland Plateau was drowned. The early Pliocene age (5.2-3.5 Ma) sediments deposited on the Queensland Plateau, an established interval of eustatic sea-level highstand, are typically pelagic in character. In addition, relatively cold surface temperatures (estimated to have ranged from 18° to 20°C by Isern et al. [this volume]) might have also stressed the reefs during early Pliocene time and contributed to the drowning of the Queensland Plateau carbonate system during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. Differential and relatively high subsidence rates, inferred by variations in paleodepth of water (based upon benthic foraminifer assemblages; Katz and Miller, this volume) may also have influenced the drowning of the carbonate bank tops on the Queensland Plateau during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. The sediments of early late Pliocene age (2.9-2.4 Ma), a well-established interval of lowering of sea level, are clearly periplatform and cyclic in nature. High-frequency (~40 k.y.) aragonite cycles, well-developed between 2.9 and 2.45 Ma, correlate with the planktonic high-resolution Pliocene d18O record from the Ontong Java Plateau, a good sea-level proxy (Jansen et al., in press). Contrary to late Quaternary age aragonite cycles from the Bahamas, the Nicaragua Rise, the Maldives, and the Queensland Plateau, the late Pliocene aragonite cycles in Hole 818B display high levels of aragonite during glacial stages and, therefore, lowstands of sea level. In addition, sediments deposited during the earliest part of the late Pliocene (3.5-2.9 Ma), transition between the early Pliocene highstand and the late Pliocene lowering in sea level, have recorded the first evidence of a fall in sea level, by (1) the occurrence of synchronous submarine hardgrounds in the two shallowest sites (Sites 812 and 814), (2) the deposition of reworked material from the shallower part of the slope into the intermediate Sites 813 and 818, and (3) the deposition of pelagic sediments in the deepest Sites 817 and 817. In summary, contrary to previous findings, the Pliocene periplatform sediments on the Queensland Plateau appear to have recorded a regional shedding of shallow carbonate bank tops during an interval of sea-level lowering, a good illustration of the "carbonate lowstand shedding" scenario, occurring during the reentry of previously drowned carbonate bank tops into the photic zone related to a decrease in sea level.