Modalidade de terapia renal substitutiva como preditora de sintomas depressivos

Objetivos Comparar a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos entre dois grupos homogêneos de pacientes em diálise, um em hemodiálise (HD) e outro em diálise peritoneal (DP), verificando o possível papel preditor do método, assim como avaliar a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas no diagnóstico deste transtorno. Métodos Amostra envolveu dois grupos homogêneos de pacientes em TRS, 30 em HD e 30 em DP. Aplicou-se o Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), escala que avalia a presença e intensidade de sintomas depressivos. Resultados Os grupos apresentavam características sociodemográficas e clínicas semelhantes, exceto quanto à escolaridade. A média de pontos do BDI no grupo HD foi maior que no grupo DP: 12,53 versus 11,13 (p = 0,352). A presença de sintomas depressivos no grupo em HD ocorreu em 36,7% dos pacientes contra apenas 23,3% do grupo DP (OR 1,9 [IC 0,61 – 5,86]). Não houve diferenças quanto às variáveis, exceto escolaridade. Dos pacientes com ensino fundamental I, 52,9% apresentaram sintomas. Nos pacientes com ensino médio ou superior, a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos foi 20% (p = 0,051). Conclusão Houve tendência à ocorrência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes em HD quando comparados aos pacientes em DP. O risco dessa ocorrência foi quase duas vezes maior nos em HD. Menor escolaridade associou-se à ocorrência de sintomas. As médias da pontuação do BDI nos dois grupos não foram significantes.

Minilaparoscopy and sentinel lymph node in uterine cancer

CRSLS MIS Case Reports from SLS.org.

Longitudinal analysis of tumor marker CEA of breast cancer patients from Braga's hospital

Allied to an epidemiological study of population of the Senology Unit of Braga’s Hospital that have been diagnosed with malignant breast cancer, we describe the progression in time of repeated measurements of tumor marker Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Our main purpose is to describe the progression of this tumor marker as a function of possible risk factors and, hence, to understand how these risk factors influences that progression. The response variable, values of CEA, was analyzed making use of longitudinal models, testing for different correlation structures. The same covariates used in a previous survival analysis were considered in the longitudinal model. The reference time used was time from diagnose until death from breast cancer. For diagnostic of the models fitted we have used empirical and theoretical variograms. To evaluate the fixed term of the longitudinal model we have tested for a changing point on the effect of time on the tumor marker progression. A longitudinal model was also fitted only to the subset of patients that died from breast cancer, using the reference time as time from date of death until blood test.

Real-time monitoring of progression towards renal failure in primary care patients

First published online: December 16, 2014.

Stage at presentation of breast cancer in Luanda, Angola - a retrospective study

Background: It is expected that, by 2020, 15 million new cases of cancer will occur every year in the world, one million of them in Africa. Knowledge of cancer trends in African countries is far from adequate, and improvements in cancer prevention efforts are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to characterize breast cancer clinically and pathologically at presentation in Luanda, Angola; we additionally provide quality information that will be useful for breast cancer care planning in the country. Methods: Data on breast cancer cases were retrieved from the Angolan Institute of Cancer Control, from 2006 to 2014. For women diagnosed in 2009 (5-years of follow-up), demographic, clinical and pathological information, at presentation, was collected, namely age at diagnosis, parity, methods used for pathological diagnoses, tumor pathological characteristics, stage of disease and treatment. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results: The median age of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2009 was 47 years old (range 25–89). The most frequent clinical presentation was breast swelling with axillary lymph nodes metastasis (44.9 %), followed by a mass larger than 5 cm (14.2 %) and lump (12.9 %). Invasive ductal carcinoma was the main histologic type (81.8 %). Only 10.1 % of cancer cases had a well differentiated histological grade. Cancers were diagnosed mostly at advanced stages (66.7 % in stage III and 11.1 % in stage IV). Discussion: In this study, breast cancer was diagnosed at a very advanced stage. Although it reports data from a single cancer center in Luanda, Angola it reinforces the need for early diagnosis and increasing awareness. According to the main challenges related to breast cancer diagnosis and treatment herein presented, we propose a realistic framework that would allow for the implementation of a breast cancer care program, built under a strong network based on cooperation, teaching, audit, good practices and the organization of health services. Conclusion: Angola needs urgently a program for early diagnosis of breast cancer.

Glucose addiction in cancer therapy : advances and drawbacks

Glucose addiction in cancer therapy: advances and drawbacks.

Ontological representation of tumor-node-metastasis classification and an ontology-driven classifier: a study on colorectal cancer

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica (área de especialização em Informática Médica)

Outcome of acute renal failure associated with cardiac surgery in infants

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of acute renal failure (ARF) on the evolution of infants undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: We assessed 15 infants undergoing cardiac surgery who developed (ARF). Their demographic, clinical and surgical data, and evolution were analyzed. RESULTS: Their mean age was 4.4±4.0 months (8 days to 24 months). Twelve infants were males, and 4 patients already had ARF at surgery. The primary cause of ARF was immediate acute cardiac dysfunction in 10 infants, cardiac dysfunction associated with sepsis in 2 infants, and isolated sepsis in 3 infants. All children depended on mechanical ventilation during their postoperative period, 14 infants used vasoactive drugs, and 11 had an infectious process associated with ARF. Thirteen infants required dialytic treatment. Eleven infants developed oluguric ARF, and all had to undergo peritoneal dialysis; of the 4 patients with non-oliguric, 2 required dialysis, the main indication being hypervolemia. Of these 13 dialyzed infants, 4 died in the first 24 hours because of the severity of the underlying cardiac disease (mean urea level of 49±20 mg/dl). The mortality rate for the entire group was 60% , and it was higher among the patients with oliguria ARF (73% vs 25%, p<0.001). The cause of death was acute cardiac dysfunction in 6 infants (early type-1ARF) and sepsis in the 3 remaining infants (late type-2 ARF). CONCLUSION: The mortality rate of ARF associated with cardiac surgery in infants was hight, being higher among children with oliguria; peritoneal dialysis was indicated due to clinically uncontrolled hypervolemia and not to the uremic hypercatabolic state.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of mono and bis-naphthalimide derivatives against SH-SY5Y, human brain cancer cells

Dissertação de mestrado em Medicinal Chemistry

Estimation of statistical cure from cancer using population-based data

Dissertação de mestrado em Estatística

The role of monocarboxylate transporters in 3-bromopyruvate effect in cancer cells

Tese de Doutoramento em Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (área de especialização em Biologia Molecular e Saúde).

Myocardial revascularization in renal transplant patients

OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of surgical myocardial revascularization in renal transplant patients. METHODS: From 1991 to 2000, 11 renal transplant patients, whose ages ranged from 36 to 59 (47.5±8) years, 8 males and 3 females, underwent myocardial revascularization. The time interval between renal transplantation and myocardial revascularization ranged from 25 to 120 (mean of 63.8±32.7) months. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate was 9%. One patient died on the 4th postoperative day from septicemia and respiratory failure. The mean graft/patient ratio was 2.7±0.8. Only 1 patient required slow hemodialysis during 24 hours in the postoperative period, and no patient had a definitive renal lesion or lost the transplanted kidney. The actuarial survival curves after 1, 2, and 3 years were, respectively, 90.9%, 56.8%, and 56.8%. CONCLUSION: Renal transplant patients may undergo myocardial revascularization with no lesion in or loss of the transplanted kidney.

Effects of high glucose concentrations on the endothelial function of the renal microcirculation of rabbits

OBJECTIVE: To assess the acute effects of high glucose concentrations on vascular reactivity in the isolated non diabetic rabbit kidney. METHODS: Rabbits were anaesthetized for isolation of the kidneys. Renal arteries and veins were cannulated for perfusion with Krebs-Henselleit solution and measurement of perfusion pressure. After 3 hours of perfusion with glucose 5,5 mM (control ) and 15 mM, the circulation was submitted to sub maximal precontraction (80% of maximal response) trough continuous infusion of noradrenaline 10 mM. Vascular reactivity was then assessed trough dose-responses curves with endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilators. The influence of hyperosmolarity was analyzed with perfusion with mannitol 15mM. RESULTS: A significant reduction in the endothelium-dependent vasodilation in glucose 15mM group was observed compared to that in control, but there was no difference in endothelium-independent vasodilation. After perfusion with mannitol 15 mM, a less expressive reduction in endothelium-dependent vasodilation was observed, only reaching significance in regard to the greatest dose of acetylcholine. CONCLUSION: High levels of glucose similar to those found in diabetic patients in the postprandial period can cause significant acute changes in renal vascular reactivity rabbits. In diabetic patients these effects may also occur and contribute to diabetes vascular disease.

Insuficiência renal aguda após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica com circulação extracorpórea: incidência, fatores de risco e mortalidade

OBJETIVO: Identificar a incidência, fatores de risco e mortalidade de insuficiência renal aguda (IRA), em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para revascularização miocárdica com circulação extracorpórea. MÉTODOS: Estudados prospectivamente todos os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica e as variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais analisadas através de métodos uni e multivariado (regressão logística). RESULTADOS: Insuficiência renal aguda ocorreu em 16,1% dos 223 pacientes estudados, diálise foi necessária em 4,9% dos pacientes. Os fatores de risco associados à IRA na análise univariada foram: idade > 63 anos OR 3,6 (95% IC=1,6 a 8,3), creatinina sérica pré-operatória > 1,2 mg/dl OR 5,9 (95% IC=2,4 a 14,6), duração da circulação extracorpórea > 90 min OR 2,1 (95% IC=1,0 a 4,4), uso de balão intra-aórtico OR 2,6 (95% IC=1,2 a 5,5); necessidade de drogas inotrópicas OR 4,4 (95% IC=1,9 a 10,2) e, na análise multivariada, foram fatores independentes associados à IRA idade > 63 anos OR 3,0 (95% IC=1,3 a 7,2), creatinina sérica pré-operatória > 1,2 mg/dl OR 4,3 (95% IC=1,6 a 11,4), necessidade de drogas inotrópicas OR 3,2 (95% IC=1,3 a 8,0). A mortalidade nos pacientes com IRA foi de 25,0 % em comparação com 1,1% entre os sem IRA e 63,6% entre os que necessitaram de diálise. CONCLUSÃO: Insuficiência renal aguda em cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica é uma complicação freqüente e está associada à alta mortalidade. Sendo fatores de risco independentes: idade, insuficiência renal prévia e necessidade de drogas inotrópicas.