Figuraciones de la esclavitud en novelas y ensayos antiesclavistas de Cuba y Brasil, 1840-1880

La tesis doctoral presentada da cuenta de las "figuraciones de la esclavitud" en un amplio corpus textual (ensayos y novelas) de autores representativos de la "narrativa antiesclavista" en el siglo XIX, centrada en las áreas de Cuba y Brasil. Desde una perspectiva comparativa, que atiende a los planos retóricos y discursivos, se analizan puntualmente novelas y ensayos de autores canónicos como Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, Cirilo Villaverde, José Antonio Saco, Alejandro von Humboldt, José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimaraes, Joaquim Nabuco y Jean-Baptiste Debret. A la vez, se incorpora la plasmación de un enfoque interdisciplinar en el análisis de la "narrativa antiesclavista", abordando también aspectos que remiten a la historiografía política, social y económica sobre el proceso de la esclavitud en el período de 1840-1880, junto con otros de articulación antropológica, cultural y estética en ambas zonas mencionadas

Figuraciones de la esclavitud en novelas y ensayos antiesclavistas de Cuba y Brasil, 1840-1880

La tesis doctoral presentada da cuenta de las "figuraciones de la esclavitud" en un amplio corpus textual (ensayos y novelas) de autores representativos de la "narrativa antiesclavista" en el siglo XIX, centrada en las áreas de Cuba y Brasil. Desde una perspectiva comparativa, que atiende a los planos retóricos y discursivos, se analizan puntualmente novelas y ensayos de autores canónicos como Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, Cirilo Villaverde, José Antonio Saco, Alejandro von Humboldt, José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimaraes, Joaquim Nabuco y Jean-Baptiste Debret. A la vez, se incorpora la plasmación de un enfoque interdisciplinar en el análisis de la "narrativa antiesclavista", abordando también aspectos que remiten a la historiografía política, social y económica sobre el proceso de la esclavitud en el período de 1840-1880, junto con otros de articulación antropológica, cultural y estética en ambas zonas mencionadas

CERAMICS IN BRITAIN (1840-90): MEANINGS AND METAPHORS

The intention of this thesis, “Ceramics in Britain (1840–90): Meanings and Metaphors” is to present new approaches for interpreting ceramics in nineteenth-century Britain by situating, problematizing, and contextualizing pottery and porcelain in the popular debates of the day within the methodologies of material culture, design, cultural and art histories. I ask how did ceramics—portable, functional, and often decorative objects—contribute to shaping modes of experiences? Crockery, tableware and blue-white-porcelain, admittedly largely mediated in texts and paintings, are at the centre of this research to examine how they imposed symbolism and influenced the engagement of their subjects beyond their intended meanings and functions. This thesis tracks a common rhetoric shared by writers and artists across genres and understood by readers and viewers: crockery in the cupboard, on the mantel, the table or the floor were popular motifs exemplifying class, gender, character, etiquette, and taste. This thesis also seeks to map ceramics’ relations with other objects and people depicted. Their meanings and metaphors changed, depending on their exchange with other objects in the room and who uses them. The conventions of representing ceramics dictated a particular grammar that writers and artists used, critiqued, discarded or personalized. The examination of ceramics mediated in text and image especially in comparison with extant objects invites a deeper probing of both material culture and artistic practice, which helps to situate the agency of the ceramic objects themselves. Also this thesis, in attempt to explore new methodological approaches for ceramic studies, examines the social life of the mid-Victorian relief-moulded “Minster” Jug in the Gardiner Museum in Toronto. The product originating in Staffordshire in 1843 and exported to the colonies holds significance due to its multiple life histories. Viewing the “Minster” through the lenses of curator, collector, consumer, and critic its layered lives unfold to reveal the protocols of museum praxis as well as important aspects of mid-nineteenth-century British society related to design reform, gender, imperialism and consumption patterns. This thesis contends that the British experienced ceramics in sometimes unexpected ways, unrelated to their original purpose, such as tools of violence or containers of solace, and transformative fantasy.

“Comulgar con ruedas de molino”: el cierre del Fray Gerundio en 1840

Fundado en abril de 1837 por Modesto Lafuente, el Fray Gerundio fue el principal periódico satírico de su tiempo, así como uno de los más populares y vendidos. Su crítica permanente al poder le valió varias amonestaciones por parte de los distintos gobiernos, la última de las cuales acabó con su cierre en marzo de 1840 por desacato, una acusación que luego se comprobó contraria a la ley. El cierre lo hizo aún más popular y convirtió a Modesto Lafuente en una verdadera celebridad por su defensa de la libertad de imprenta.

Keisarillisen majesteetin armosta wahwistettu palo-asetus Wiipurin kaupungille, annettu Helsingissä 21 päiwänä tammikuuta wuonna 1840

Julkaistu myös ruotsiksi nimellä: Brandordning för Wiborgs stad. - Julkaistu myös venäjäksi nimellä: Požarnyj ustav dlâ g. Vyborga.

Hans kejserliga majestäts i nåder fastställde brandordning för Wiborgs stad, gifwen i Helsingfors den 21 Januarii 1840

Julkaistu myös suomeksi nimellä: Palo-asetus Wiipurin kaupungille. - Julkaistu myös venäjäksi nimellä: Požarnyj ustav dlâ g. Vyborga.

Vysočajše utverždennyj ego imperatorskim" vělistvom" požarnyj ustav" dlâ g. Vyborga, izdannyj v" Gel'singforsě 26 ânvarâ 1840 goda

Julkaistu myös suomeksi nimellä: Palo-asetus Wiipurin kaupungille. - Julkaistu myös ruotsiksi nimellä: Brandordning för Wiborgs stad.

Plan von dem Haven und der Gegend von Charles Town in South Carolina ... Sept. 1782

Scale ca. 1:250,000.

Analyse du compartiment mésozooplanctonique et écologie alimentaire printanière de la sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1782), et de l’anchois, Engraulis encrasicolus (Linné, 1758) adultes dans le Golfe de Gascogne

Dietary studies of marine species constitute an important key to improve the understanding of its biology and of its role in the ecosystem. Thus, prey-predator relationships structure and determine population dynamics and the trophic network at the ecosystem scale. Among the major study sites, the marine ecosystem is submitted to natural and anthropogenic constraints. In the North-Eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean, the Bay of Biscay is a large open area surrounded South by Spain and East by France. This bay is an historic place of intense fishery activities for which the main small pelagic species targeted are the pilchard, Sardina pilchardus and the anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus. The aim of this work is to analyze the trophic ecology of these two small pelagic fish in spring in the Bay of Biscay. To do this, a first section is devoted to their prey composed by the mesozooplanktonic compartment, through a two-fold approach: the characterization of their spatio-temporal dynamics during the decade 2003-2013 and the measurement of their energetic content in spring. For this season, it appears that all prey types are not worth energetically and that the Bay of Biscay represents a mosaic of dietary habitat. Moreover, the spring mesozooplankton community presents a strong spatial structuration, a temporal evolution marked by a major change in abundance and a control by the microphytoplankton biomass. The second section of this work is relative to a methodological approach of the trophic ecology of S. pilchardus and E. encrasicolus. Three different trophic tracers have been used: isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen, parasitological fauna and mercury contamination levels. To improve the use of the first of these trophic tracers, an experimental approach has been conducted with S. pilchardus to determine a trophic discrimination factor. Finally, it appears that the use of these three trophic tracers has always been permitted to highlight a temporal variability of the relative trophic ecology of these fish. However, no spatial dynamics could be identified through these three trophic tracers.

Los orígenes de las reivindicaciones autonomistas catalanas y sardas a través de la prensa periódica del siglo XIX (1840-1890)

The purpose of the thesis for obtaining this PhD diploma is a comparative research between the origin of the Catalonian national movement and the Sardinian national one through the analysis of the 19th century periodicals as well as through a bibliography obtained by extracting them from consulted newspapers and magazines. Not only are both realities compared because of the Aragonese-Catalan influence over the Sardinian culture during its conquer but also because both movements had their origin during the 1840s and developed concurrently along that century presenting some differences, though. The political and cultural scene in Sardinia in those years was characterized by the spread of a discomfort feeling among the population after the acceptance of the “ Fusione perfetta” in 1848 and the following rollout of the “Statuto Albertino” in the island, representing this last regulation an attempt to unify the different Italian provinces in an administrative and legislative way, together with the previous “Feliciano” code from 1827. Therefore, this is how it began to be defined the set of political, economic, and cultural theme that forms the central point of the “questione sarda” (this term and its whole connotation were used for the first time in 1867 in an article published in the Cagliaritano weekly-publication La Cronaca). The singularity of this Sardinian nationalistic movement is related to the origin of the first regional demands expressed during those same years in some European regions and, more specifically, in Catalonia. Actually in this region, in those same years, we find the origin of a cultural movement called RenaixenÇa whose initial claim was the linguistic and cultural Catalonian renaissance and which adopted a more political meaning along the 19th century...