Influence of various implant platform configurations on peri-implant tissue dimensions: an experimental study in dog

AimTo evaluate the influence (i) of various implant platform configurations and (ii) of implant surface characteristics on peri-implant tissue dimensions in a dog model.Material and methodsMandibular premolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally in six Labrador dogs. After 3 months of healing, two implants, one with a turned and a second with a moderately rough surface, were installed on each side of the mandible in the premolar region. on the right side of the mandible, implants with a tapered and enlarged platform were used, while standard cylindrical implants were installed in the left side of the mandible. Abutments with the diameter of the cylindrical implants were used resulting in a mismatch of 0.25 mm at the tapered implant sites. The flaps were sutured to allow a non-submerged healing. After 4 months, the animals were sacrificed and ground sections were obtained for histometric assessment.ResultsAll implants were completely osseointegrated. A minimal buccal bone resorption was observed for both implant configurations and surface topographies. Considering the animals as the statistical unit, no significant differences were found at the buccal aspect in relation to bone levels and soft tissue dimensions. The surface topographies did not influence the outcomes either.ConclusionsThe present study failed to show differences in peri-implant tissue dimensions when a mismatch of 0.25 mm from a tapered platform to an abutment was applied. The surface topographies influence a neither marginal bone resorption or peri-implant soft tissue dimension.To cite this article:Baffone GM, Botticelli D, Pantani F, Cardoso LC, Schweikert MT, Lang NP. Influence of various implant platform configurations on peri-implant tissue dimensions: an experimental study in dog.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 438-444.

Broiler breeder trace mineral nutrition and feeding practices on embryo progeny development

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Nutritional status and functional capacity of hospitalized elderly

Background: The nutritional status of the aging individual results from a complex interaction between personal and environmental factors. A disease influences and is influenced by the nutritional status and the functional capacity of the individual. We asses the relationship between nutritional status and indicators of functional capacity among recently hospitalized elderly in a general hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with 240 elderly (women, n = 127 and men, n = 113) hospitalized in a hospital that provides care for the public and private healthcare systems. The nutritional status was classified by the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) into: malnourished, risk of malnutrition and without malnutrition (adequate). The functional autonomy indicators were obtained by the self-reported Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to compare the proportions and the level of significance was 5%.Results: Among the assessed elderly, 33.8% were classified as adequate regarding nutritional status; 37.1% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 29.1% were classified as malnourished. All the IADL and ADL variables assessed were significantly more deteriorated among the malnourished individuals. Among the ADL variables, eating partial (42.9%) or complete (12.9%) dependence was found in more than half of the malnourished elderly, in 13.4% of those at risk of malnutrition and in 2.5% of those without malnutrition.Conclusion: There is an interrelationship between the nutritional status of the elderly and reduced functional capacity.

Optical emission and electron capture of rare-earth trivalent ions located at distinct sites in SnO(2) thin films

We present photoluminescence and decay of photo excited conductivity data for sol-gel SnO(2) thin films doped with rare earth ions Eu(3+) and Er(3+), a material with nanoscopic crystallites. Photoluminescence spectra are obtained under excitation with several monochromatic light sources, such as Kr(+) and Ar(+) lasers, Xe lamp plus a selective monochromator with UV grating, and the fourth harmonic of a Nd: YAG laser (4.65eV), which assures band-to-band transition and energy transfer to the ion located at matrix sites, substitutional to Sn(4+). The luminescence structure is rather different depending on the location of the rare-earth doping, at lattice symmetric sites or segregated at grain boundary layer, where it is placed in asymmetric sites. The decay of photo-excited conductivity also shows different trapping rate depending on the rare-earth concentration. For Er-doped films, above the saturation limit, the evaluated capture energy is higher than for films with concentration below the limit, in good agreement with the different behaviour obtained from luminescence data. For Eu-doped films, the difference between capture energy and grain boundary barrier is not so evident, even though the luminescence spectra are rather distinct.

High-speed video observations of positive ground flashes produced by intracloud lightning

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos de baixas doses de cloprostenol via intramuscular ou submucosavulvar na indução do estro e taxas de prenhez em vacas Nelore

The present study aims to compare the effects of lower doses of cloprostenol intramuscular (IM) or into vulvar submucosa (IVS) on estrus induction and pregnancy rate in Nelore cows. A total of 100 cycling Nelore cows with body condition score (BCS 3.5) 1 to 5 scale (Radostitis; Blood, 1986) and 170 +/- 11 days postpartum. Females were randomly divided in 5 groups (N=20) G1 to G5 and treated with cloprostenol (Ciosin (R)) on day 0 (D0) and on day 11 (D11) if not detected in estrus. Cows were injected with 500 mu g IM (G1), 250 mu g IM (G2), 125 mu g IM (G3), 250 mu g IVS (G4) and 125 mu g IVS (G5). Estrus was observed twice a day and the females artificially inseminated 12 hours after heat detection. There was no statistical difference (P>0.80) between groups in the estrus induction (first injection to estrus interval): 16/20-96.00 hours (G1), 13/20-90.42 hours (G2), 10/20-84.45 hours (G3), 15/20-87.86 hours (G4), 12/20-81.25 hours (G5) and second injection (P>0.10): 4/20-67.50 hours (G1), 7/20-85.50 hours (G2), 10/20-57.00 hours (G3), 5/20-70.60 hours (G4), 8/20-60.00 hours (G5). There was no statistical difference (0.65(ns)) between groups in the pregnancy rates: 40% (G1), 45% (G2), 50% (G3), 40% (G4), 40% (G5). The results demonstrate that the treatments with lower doses of cloprostenol intramuscular or into vulvar submucosa may be used to induce heat with similar pregnancy rates in cycling Nelore cows with good body condition.

Biologia populacional de Pareiorhina rudolphi (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) na microbacia do Ribeirão Grande, serra da Mantiqueira oriental, Estado de São Paulo

Pareiorhina rudolphi was sampled in streams of the Ribeirao Grande system, eastern Serra da Mantiqueira (22[degree]47[minute]08[second]S, 45[degree]28[minute]17[second] W). Samplings were carried out using an electrofishing device, during the months of July/2001, October/2001, February/2002 and April/2002. Sex-ratio diverged significantly from the expected 1: 1 ratio([chi]2 = 6.53; p < 0.05), standing at 1.6:1 (female: male). The spawning period for Pareiorhina rudolphi lasts from spring to summer, with, the highest observed, in October and February by the gonadosomantic index and the relative condition factor coincided with the spawning period. The length at sexual maturity of P. rudolphi is about 4.45 cm for both sexes. The absolute fecundity was low, and ranged from 4 to 11 oocytes. The periphyton was used as a direct food source by the species, which remain attached to the substrate with their large circular lips, and use their conspicuous Slightly Yellowish teeth to graze the periphyton. The growth parameters, natural mortality rate and survival rate for P, rudolphi were respectively: K = 0.35 year-1, L[infinity] = 7.2 cm, tmax = 8.6 years, M = 1.1 year-1, S = 33%. The characteristics presented by P. rudolphi occur in the environment function of a population adjustment, and not of species abundance.

Aspectos da reprodução e alimentação de Neoplecostomus microps (Loricariidae, Neoplecostominae) na microbacia do Ribeirão Grande, serra da Mantiqueira oriental (Estado de São Paulo)

Reproduction and feeding aspects of Neoplecostomus microps (Loricariidae, Neoplecostominae) in the Ribeirao Grande system, eastern Serra da Mantiqueira (São Paulo State). The Ribeirao Grande system is located in the slope of the Serra da Mantiqueira and is surrounded by Atlantic forest. Eight sites were surveyed in the Ribeirao Grande system, during the winter (July 2001), spring (October 2001), summer (February 2002) and fall (April 2002). Samples were made with an electrofishing device. Gonad maturation, levels of stomach fullness and fat content were analyzed and their distributions reported in an annual cycle. Neoplecostomus microps has a spawning in the spring through to summer. The size at sexual maturity is about 5.9 cm total length for males and 6.9 cm for females. The high values in October and February by the gonadosomatic index and the relative condition factor coincided with the spawning period. In the diet of N. microps were found Diptera larvae (Simulium, Chironomus), Plecoptera nymphs and Coleoptera aquatic Larvae (Psephenus). The increased feeding from summer to fall provided fat accumulation. During subsequent seasons, fish may utilize visceral fat reserves for maintenance and reproduction. The reproductive pattern and feeding are interpreted as being an adaptation with respect to temporal and spatial variation and food availability.

Anestesia epidural em cutias (Dasyprocta azarae) submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia

In this research, the epidural anesthesia technique in nulliparous and non non-nulliparous submitted to ovarysalpingohysterectomy was studied. These are rodents belonging to the Missina Palmeira Zancaner municipal zoo of catanduva in São Paulo. The tranquilization was achieved using azaperone (4mg/kg) and meperidine (4mg/kg) followed by injection of cetamine (20mg/kg) and xylazine (0.4mg/kg), intramuscularly from the same syringe. Subsequently, lidocaine (5mg/kg) was injected into the lumbosacral space. The time of latency of the anesthesic association (4.0[plus or minus]1.51min), time of latency of epidural lidocaine (6.87[plus or minus]2.35min) and time of analgesia (115.0[plus or minus]12.49min) were analyzed, in addition to rectal temperature, which decreased 2.12[plus or minus]0.86[degree]C on average from the beginning of the anesthesia to the end of its effective time. All animals recovered satisfactorily without presenting signs of excitation or complications due to the epidural tecnique. It was concluded that the balanced anesthesia tecnique provided adequate analgesia during a time considered sufficient for several procedures, by means of low doses of xylazine and ketamine.

Morfologia do figado da paca (Cuniculus Paca, Linnaeus 1766)

The elements related to the morphology of the liver of paca (Cuniculus paca), the second largest rodent of the Brazilian fauna, were observed; this species present zootechnical potential. Eight animals from the animals sector of Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias - Campus of Jaboticabal - UNESP, which is duly certified by IBAMA as an experimental breeding institute, were used. Through a dissection procedure, it was found that the liver of the paca is located in the cranial portion of the abdomen, immediately after the diaphragm, to which it is connected by the triangular, coronary, and falciform ligaments, having its bigger part located right to the medium plan. The liver of this rodent presents the following lobation: right lateral lobe, right medial lobe, quadrate lobe, left medial lobe, and left lateral lobe, besides the caudate lobe formed by the papillary process of caudate lobe and the caudate process of caudate lobe. Gallbladder is located between the quadrate and right medial lobes. Fragments of this organ were collected, fixed, and histologically prepared, being the samples analyzed through light microscopy. It was microscopically observed that intralobular connective tissue is scarce, basically it consists polyhedral hepatocytes organized into cords interposed between sinusoids and the portal triads are found in the lobe, consisting of the portal vein, hepatic artery, and biliary duct.

Allometry and morphological integration in the skull of Tupinambis merianae (Lacertilia: Teiidae)

The morphogenetic processes acting in the skull of the lizard Tupinambis merianae were investigated by geometric morphometric techniques. The observed ontogenetic shape change involved a widening of the anterior extremity, stretching and narrowing of the midface, narrowing of the braincase, orbital reduction and elongation of the temporal region (origin of jaw adductor muscles). This change occurred mostly in a localized way in certain cranial regions. The major components identified were: rostrum, midface, dermal elements of braincase (functionally influenced) and endochondral elements of braincase (embryologically influenced). The growth patterns lead to an increased robustness of the skull (particularly the anterior extremity) and a reduction of cranial kinesis. These changes, together with the ontogenetic variation in dentition aid in the ontogenetic variation observed in the diet of these animals, which shift from carnivory to omnivory.

Variation in mandible shape in Thrichomys apereoides (Mammalia: Rodentia): Geometric analysis of a complex morphological structure

The model of development and evolution of complex morphological structures conceived by Atchley and Hall in 1991 (Biol. Rev. 66:101-157), which establishes that changes at the macroscopic, morphogenetic level can be statistically detected as variation in skeletal units at distinct scales, was applied in combination with the formalism of geometric morphometrics to study variation in mandible shape among populations of the rodent species Thrichomys apereoides. The thin-plate spline technique produced geometric descriptors of shape derived from anatomical landmarks in the mandible, which we used with graphical and inferential approaches to partition the contribution of global and localized components to the observed differentiation in mandible shape. A major pattern of morphological differentiation in T. apereoides is attributable to localized components of shape at smaller geometric scales associated with specific morphogenetic units of the mandible. On the other hand, a clinal trend of variation is associated primarily with localized components of shape at larger geometric scales. Morphogenetic mechanisms assumed to be operating to produce the observed differentiation in the specific units of the mandible include mesenchymal condensation differentiation, muscle hypertrophy, and tooth growth. Perspectives for the application of models of morphological evolution and geometric morphometrics to morphologically based systematic biology are considered.