1000 resultados para Inventário de carbono


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O estudo avaliou os impactos da alteração na disponibilidade de água no solo a partir da irrigação no período menos chuvoso sobre a concentração de nitrogênio e carbono orgânico em floresta secundária na Amazônia. Na área experimental foram instaladas quatro parcelas para o tratamento de alteração do regime hídrico do solo e quatro parcelas controle (testemunha). Em cada parcela amostras de solo foram coletadas na camada de 0-10 cm para avaliação do teor de nitrogênio e carbono orgânico. Os resultados mostraram que a alteração no regime hídrico do solo a partir da irrigação provocou variação na disponibilidade de nitrogênio no solo, mas não afetou o teor de carbono orgânico. O estudo mostrou que a dinâmica de ciclagem de nitrogênio pode ser sensível a variação de umidade no solo.

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O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da conversão de uma floresta sucessional em sistema de floresta plantada de eucalipto sobre a densidade aparente e o estoque de carbono (C) do solo. O estudo foi conduzido em um povoamento de Eucalyptus grandis com quatro anos de idade e em um fragmento de floresta sucessional, em Paragominas, Pará, Brasil. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em quatro parcelas em cada sistema, nas profundidades 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 30-50, 50-70 e 70-100 cm. De maneira geral a densidade do solo variou entre 0,9 a 1,2 g cm-3; nas profundidades 5-10 e 10-20 cm, a densidade do solo no plantio de eucalipto foi inferior à floresta sucessional.

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O manejo do solo afeta a dinâmica das frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica do solo. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o estoque de carbono e nas frações granulométricas da material orgânica do solo (MOS) em áreas submetidas a preparo de área com corte-queima e corte-trituração da vegetação. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda Escola de Igarapé-Açú (PA). Avaliaram-se os seguintes sistemas: (1) sistema com preparo de área com trituração da vegetação e enriquecimento de capoeira durante o pousio com leguminosas arbóreas; (2) sistema com preparo de área com queima da vegetação e (3) floresta sucessional com mais de 20 anos. As amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-5, com dez amostras compostas (cinco simples) por sistema. Houve perdas significativas de C estocado no solo e nas frações granuloméricas. O manejo de preparo de área afetou a dinâmica do carbono no solo e nas frações da matéria orgânica. O sistema com corte-trituração e enriquecimento de pousio com leguminosas arbóreas estocou mais carbono no solo e nas frações granulométricas em relação ao sistema com queima.

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Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar o inventário do ecótipo Gurgueia no Estado do Piauí, na região Nordeste do Brasil. O inventário compreendeu o levantamento histórico, com busca em literaturas, e o populacional feito a partir de visitas in loco nos rebanhos.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de uma floresta manejada comercialmente no Amazonas em relação à dinâmica de carbono.

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Among the various effects caused by the climate change and human intervention, the mangrove ecosystem changes through of the years has been worth mentioning, which hasn t known which are the pros and cons for the adjacent coastal and estuarine environments yet. It happens due to the present dynamism in these areas, besides of the difficult understanding of the processes associated with evolution. This study aimed to environmentally evaluate adjacent mangroves from the Macau and Serra oil fields, located on Rio Grande do Norte northern coast, to support the mitigating actions related to the containment of the erosive process, as well as, according to the principles of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), to assess the amount of atmospheric carbon sequestered by the studied ecosystem. An inventory was conducted through mangrouve mapping which has supplied this research, especially regarding to the structural characterization of mangrove areas. To understand the local mangrove behavior in a greater level detail, techniques of remote sensing, GIS and GPS were used to make an analogy between the current and past states of the mangrove studied, allowing to make anticipated projections for the future impacts or changes in that region. This study combined data from multispectral LANDSAT 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+ with radar microwave data from SAR RADARSAT-1, which increased the interpretation capacity of the data from optical sensor systems. The interpretations have been supported by the data field, representing a better and innovative methodology for the environmental and taxonomic characterization of mangrove forests considered. The results reveal that mangroves of the Ponta do Tubarão Sustainable Development Reserve are biologically representative areas and providing a variety of benefits, especially for local communities, constituting the priority sites for actions development aimed at conservation. They also have been showing the necessity to make mitigating measures in order to recover degraded areas through reforestation or creating new areas of mangrove, as currently 7.1% of the mangrove forests studied are dead or in an advanced state of decomposition. The amount of atmospheric carbon sequestered proved very significant when analyzed for the whole area, which is able to sequester atmospheric 4,294,458 Ton CO2 per year

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade microbiana e estabelecer estimativas do carbono proveniente da biomassa microbiana, em solo manejado com diferentes composições de coquetel vegetal e sob cultivo de manga, no Distrito de Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, PE, visando avaliar a dinâmica da matéria orgânica deste solo.

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Os sistemas agroflorestais imitam a natureza, associando, no mesmo espaço, o plantio de árvores, frutíferas ou não, com lavouras anuais, hortaliças e até mesmo com a criação de animais. A adoção dos SAFs promove a preservação da biodiversidade local quando, ao se plantar as árvores, são adotadas espécies nativas da região no sistema. Este é um aspecto socioambiental muito importante, pois significa a preservação de espécies arbóreas para as próximas gerações, além de contribuir para a manutenção das tradições locais, pois muitos frutos nativos são usados na alimentação e para fins medicinais. O sequestro de carbono da atmosfera é bem marcante na fase de crescimento (jovem) das árvores. A serapilheira é uma camada de folhas, galhos, frutos e sementes que caem das árvores e é depositada sobre o solo. A matéria orgânica é o componente do solo originado da decomposição de seres vivos (vegetais ou animais): vai desde a serapilheira até os estercos, passando pelos restos de cultura.

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Today a major responsibility for the contamination of soil and groundwater and surface water are establishments known as gas stations of fuel which has attracted increasing attention from both the general population as the state agencies of environmental control due to leaks in storage tanks and mainly to disruption of pipe corrosion of tanks and pumping. Other services, like oil changes and car wash are also causes for concern in this type of establishment. These leaks can cause or waste produced, and the contamination of aquifers, serious health problems and public safety, since most of these stations located in urban areas. Based on this, the work was to evaluate soil contamination of a particular service station and fuel sales in the city of Natal, through the quantification of heavy metals like Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn of total organic carbon (TOC) and organic matter using different techniques such as optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma source (ICP OES), Total Organic Carbon analyzer and gravimetric analysis respectively. And also to characterize the soil through particle size analysis. Samples were taken in 21 georeferenced points and collected in the same period. The soils sampled in sampling stations P3, P5, P6, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P17, P18 and P20 showed the smallest size fractions ranging from fine sand to medium sand. The other study sites ranged from fine sand to medium sand, except the point P8 showed that only the type size medium sand and P19, indicating a particle size of the coarse type. The small correlation of organic matter with the elements studied in this work suggests that these are not of anthropogenic origin but geochemical support

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2016.

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Actually in the oil industry biotechnological approaches represent a challenge. In that, attention to metal structures affected by electrochemical corrosive processes, as well as by the interference of microorganisms (biocorrosion) which affect the kinetics of the environment / metal interface. Regarding to economical and environmental impacts reduction let to the use of natural products as an alternative to toxic synthetic inhibitors. This study aims the employment of green chemistry by evaluating the stem bark extracts (EHC, hydroalcoholic extract) and leaves (ECF, chloroform extract) of plant species Croton cajucara Benth as a corrosion inhibitor. In addition the effectiveness of corrosion inhibition of bioactive trans-clerodane dehydrocrotonin (DCTN) isolated from the stem bark of this Croton was also evaluated. For this purpose, carbon steel AISI 1020 was immersed in saline media (3,5 % NaCl) in the presence and absence of a microorganism recovered from a pipeline oil sample. Corrosion inhibition efficiency and its mechanisms were investigated by linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance. Culture-dependent and molecular biology techniques were used to characterize and identify bacterial species present in oil samples. The tested natural products EHC, ECF and DCTN (DMSO as solvent) in abiotic environment presented respectively, corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 57.6% (500 ppm), 86.1% (500 ppm) and 54.5% (62.5 ppm). Adsorption phenomena showed that EHC best fit Frumkin isotherm and ECF to Temkin isotherm. EHC extract (250 ppm) dissolved in a polar microemulsion system (MES-EHC) showed significant maximum inhibition efficiency (93.8%) fitting Langmuir isotherm. In the presence of the isolated Pseudomonas sp, EHC and ECF were able to form eco-compatible organic films with anti-corrosive properties

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Petroleum evaluation is analyze it using different methodologies, following international standards to know their chemical and physicochemical properties, contaminant levels, composition and especially their ability to generate derivatives. Many of these analyzes consuming a lot of time, large amount of samples , supplies and need an organized transportation logistics, schedule and professionals involved. Looking for alternatives that optimize the evaluation and enable the use of new technologies, seven samples of different centrifuged Brazilian oils previously characterized by Petrobras were analyzed by thermogravimetry in 25-900° C range using heating rates of 05, 10 and 20ºC per minute. With experimental data obtained, characterizations correlations were performed and provided: generation of true boiling point curves (TBP) simulated; comparing fractions generated with appropriate cut standard in temperature ranges; an approach to obtain Watson characterization factor; and compare micro carbon residue formed. The results showed a good chance of reproducing simulated TBP curve from thermogravimetry taking into account the composition, density and other oil properties. Proposed correlations for experimental characterization factor and carbon residue followed Petrobras characterizations, showing that thermogravimetry can be used as a tool on oil evaluation, because your quick analysis, accuracy, and requires a minimum number of samples and consumables

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We present a checklist of the shores fishes of the coast of the Rio Grande do Norte state. Species were registered through the specimens collection, underwater records, samples in landings of artisanal fleet and by compilation of data from literature and ichthyologic collections, between January 2004 to 2006. A total of 440 species form 2 classes, 25 orders, 106 families and 253 genus were registered. It is believed that due the great increase of the number of species registered, the ichthyofauna of the coast of this state is reasonably known