Farm-level Capital: Capital positions, structures, the dynamics of farm-level investments, capital accumulation and leverage positions. Factor Markets Working Paper No. 7, October 2011

This Factor Markets Working Paper describes and highlights the key issues of farm capital structures, the dynamics of investments and accumulation of farm capital, and the financial leverage and borrowing rates on farms in selected European countries. Data collected from the Farm Account Data Network (FADN) suggest that the European farming sector uses quite different farm business strategies, capabilities to generate capital revenues, and segmented agricultural loan market regimes. Such diverse business strategies have substantial, and perhaps more substantial than expected, implications for the financial leverage and performance of farms. Different countries adopt different approaches to evaluating agricultural assets, or the agricultural asset markets simply differ substantially depending on the country in question. This has implications for most of the financial indicators. In those countries that have seen rapidly increasing asset prices at the margin, which were revised accordingly in the accounting systems for the whole stock of assets, firm values increased significantly, even though the firms had been disinvesting. If there is an asset price bubble and it bursts, there may be serious knock-on effects for some countries.

Effects of Economic Factors on Adoption of Robotics and Consequences of Automation for Productivity Growth of Dairy Farms. Factor Markets Working Paper No. 32, December 2012

In the long term, productivity and especially productivity growth are necessary conditions for the survival of a farm. This paper focuses on the technology choice of a dairy farm, i.e. the choice between a conventional and an automatic milking system. Its aim is to reveal the extent to which economic rationality explains investing in new technology. The adoption of robotics is further linked to farm productivity to show how capital-intensive technology has affected the overall productivity of milk production. The empirical analysis applies a probit model and an extended Cobb-Douglas-type production function to a Finnish farm-level dataset for the years 2000–10. The results show that very few economic factors on a dairy farm or in its economic environment can be identified to affect the switch to automatic milking. Existing machinery capital and investment allowances are among the significant factors. The results also indicate that the probability of investing in robotics responds elastically to a change in investment aids: an increase of 1% in aid would generate an increase of 2% in the probability of investing. Despite the presence of non-economic incentives, the switch to robotic milking is proven to promote productivity development on dairy farms. No productivity growth is observed on farms that keep conventional milking systems, whereas farms with robotic milking have a growth rate of 8.1% per year. The mean rate for farms that switch to robotic milking is 7.0% per year. The results show great progress in productivity growth, with the average of the sector at around 2% per year during the past two decades. In conclusion, investments in new technology as well as investment aids to boost investments are needed in low-productivity areas where investments in new technology still have great potential to increase productivity, and thus profitability and competitiveness, in the long run.

Polnoe sobranie sochineniĭ N.S. Li︠e︡skova.

"Prilozhenie k zhurnaly ʹNivaʹ na 1902-[1903] g."

Sobranīe sochinenīĭ /

Some vols. have imprint: SPB : Izd. "Shipovnik."

Legends of the saints, in the Scottish dialect of the fourteenth century;

Published originally in 6 parts, 1888-96.

English prose treatises of Richard Rolle de Hampole : (Who died A.D. 1349) /

Preface (p. xv-xxxiii) contains the Officium [et Legenda de vita] de Sancto Ricardo heremitã, prepared in hopes of his canonization, printed from the Lincoln ms. 209 (C.5.2.) (For complete edition see The officium and miracula of Richard Rolle, ed. by R.M. Wooley, 1919) A cancel of these pages was printed in 1867 but not issued until 1921 (with the revised text)

Modern foreign languages get a voice: the role of the journals

This chapter investigates the significance of specialized journals for the development of modern language teaching. It begins by explaining the development of language journals up to the point at which language teaching reform really took off with the emergence of the so-called Reform Movement in the 1880s. The principal journal for this movement was Phonetische studien [Phonetic Studies] founded in 1888 and renamed Die neueren Sprachen [Modern languages] in 1894. The style of the early issues of this journal allows modern readers an insight into the discourse practices of that community of language scholars and teachers, the opportunity to hear its characteristic ‘voice’ and recreate the means by which modern foreign language teaching became an independent discipline.

Petrus Hispanus O.P. Auctor Summularum (III) ¿”Petrus Alfonsi” o “Petrus Ferrandi”?

Este artículo pretende ser complemento y continuación de mis anteriores trabajos sobre la figura de Petrus Hispanus O. P., Auctor Summularum. Comienzo presentando algunos nuevos documentos relacionados con las cuestiones ya examinadas en mis artículos de 1997 y 2001. A continuación, me ocupo de las cuestiones aplazadas en el artículo de 2001: los problemas relativos a la figura de “Petrus Ferrandi” y su posible relación con el “auctor Summularum”, así como los argumentos de Tugwell contra la hipótesis de la posible identidad de estas dos figuras, examinados ahora desde la perspectiva del autor de la Legenda prima. Tras analizar testimonios procedentes de muy diversos ámbitos, afirmo, por una parte, que la hipótesis de la identidad entre “Petrus Ferrandi” y “Petrus Hispanus” podría ser correcta y, por otra parte, que no hay argumentos concluyentes que obliguen a afirmar con seguridad que el autor de la Legenda prima es Pedro Ferrando. Aunque los análisis no permiten por el momento determinar si es “Petrus Alfonsi” o “Petrus Ferrandi” el “auctor Summularum”, los testimonios recogidos y las conexiones establecidas contribuirán, sin duda, a orientar futuras investigaciones en torno a la figura de “Petrus Hispanus”.

Actin dynamics provides membrane tension to merge fusing vesicles into the plasma membrane

Vesicle fusion is executed via formation of an Ω-shaped structure (Ω-profile), followed by closure (kiss-and-run) or merging of the Ω-profile into the plasma membrane (full fusion). Although Ω-profile closure limits release but recycles vesicles economically, Ω-profile merging facilitates release but couples to classical endocytosis for recycling. Despite its crucial role in determining exocytosis/endocytosis modes, how Ω-profile merging is mediated is poorly understood in endocrine cells and neurons containing small ∼30-300 nm vesicles. Here, using confocal and super-resolution STED imaging, force measurements, pharmacology and gene knockout, we show that dynamic assembly of filamentous actin, involving ATP hydrolysis, N-WASP and formin, mediates Ω-profile merging by providing sufficient plasma membrane tension to shrink the Ω-profile in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells containing ∼300 nm vesicles. Actin-directed compounds also induce Ω-profile accumulation at lamprey synaptic active zones, suggesting that actin may mediate Ω-profile merging at synapses. These results uncover molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying Ω-profile merging.

Kustannusjohtaminen toimitusketjun hallinnassa

Tämä työ tarkastelee toimitusketjussa käytettyjä kustannusjohtamismenetelmiä. Työn tavoitteena on selvittää mitkä menetelmät ovat useimmiten käytössä ja miten niiden käyttöä on tutkittu kirjallisuudessa. Työ on kirjallisuuskatsaus aiempaan tutkimukseen ja tiedonhaun perusteella pyritään luomaan mahdollisimman laaja kuva tutkituista ja käytössä olevista kustannusjohtamismenetelmistä toimitusketjussa. Työssä tarkasteltuja kustannusjohtamismenetelmiä toimitusketjuissa ovat toimintolaskenta, tavoitekustannuslaskenta, elinkaarikustannuslaskenta ja Balanced Scorecard. Työ esittelee näiden menetelmien teoriat ja tarkastelee niiden käyttötapoja toimitusketjuissa ja tutkittuja käyttökohteita työkaluille. Tutkimus kustannusjohtamismenetelmiin toimitusketjussa on hajanaista. Toimintolaskentaa ja tavoitekustannuslaskentaa on tutkittu laajasti, kun taas elinkaarikustannuslaskennan ja Balanced Scorecardin yleisiä malleja toimitusketjussa on tutkittu vähän ja menetelmien käyttö on tapauskohtaista.

Suomen rahwaan olo Pietarissa: to'ellinen tapaus

Imprimatur: G. Rein.

Satuja

Imprimatur: I. U. Wallenius.

Pieni Kempi, eli, Lyhykäiset opetukset ja rukoukset pienille ja yksinkertaisille kokoon kouttu Thomas Kempin pienistä kirjoista. Lisäksi otettu wiisi sangen merkillistä lukua Johan Arndin Totisesta christillisyydestä

Pippingin mukaan suomentanut Henr. Renqvist. - Laineen mukaan kustantaja todennäköisesti Henrik Renqvist.